Yana da wuya a san ainihin nauyin yaro zai kasance a lokacin haihuwa. Matsakaicin nauyin jariran ya kai 3,3 zuwa 3.7 kilogiram, kuma tsawo shine 50 centimeters. Kasusuwan kwanyar ba ruɗi ba ne, wannan yana taimaka musu su janye kadan, saboda haka rage diamita a kai yayin da yake wucewa ta hanyar haihuwa.
Lokacin gestation yana da makonni 40: baby
Duk da haka, yara sukan zo cikin duniya tare da kawunansu, masu launin kwai.
Nan da nan bayan an cire kawun dan jariri a cikin ƙwayar maras kyau, likita ta cire kullun daga tafarkin numfashin yaron ta hanyar motsi lantarki. Wannan zai ba da damar jariri ya dauki numfashin farko a rayuwa. Daga gaba, suna sarrafawa da kuma yanke igiya na umbilical, an nuna jaririn ga mahaifiyarsa, kuma ana nuna jima'i. A tsawon minti 1 da 5 na yanayin jaririn an kiyasta akan sikelin Apgar. Sa'an nan kuma an dauki ɗayan kadan zuwa bask, auna, auna ma'auni, kewaye da kirji da kai, sai ya ɗauki ɗakin gidansa na farko kuma ya sami ayyukan hana gonoblenorrhea (sun kafa magani na musamman a cikin idanu).
Akwai canje-canje a cikin tsarin endocrine na jariri. Akwai karuwa a cikin glandar da ke ciki da kuma kodan suna kara. Lokacin haihuwa, suna haifar da hormones masu damuwa: norepinephrine da adrenaline. Wannan tsari yana taimakawa tayi dacewa don zama mai aiki mai aiki a haihuwa kuma yana taimakawa a haife shi.
Yaron yana da "gyare-gyare" wanda ke taimakawa wajen haihuwa. Abu mafi mahimmancin su shine yanayin kasusuwa - mai taushi da maimaitawa, ba a kafa sutures a cikin kullun ba kuma a tsakanin su akwai harshe guda biyu: kwakwalwa - karin, wanda yake tsaye a kan goshin goshi, kuma occipital yana cikin yankin occipital.
A makonni 40 an ci gaba da ci gaba da tsarin jin tsoro da kuma gabobin jiki. Yara ya nuna nunawa ga sakonnin motsin zuciyar da ke fitowa daga uwarsa. A ƙarshen ciki, jariri ya ba maman bugun jini - alamar ga farkon haihuwa, wanda shine farkon haihuwa.
Kafin haihuwar jariri, bilirubin mai ladabi, wanda aka kafa a cikin yaron, ta shiga cikin ƙwayar dajin kuma a cikin hanta na mahaifiyar tana wucewa. Hanyoyin bilirubin sun faru a lokacin lalatawar erythrocytes. Lokacin da aka haifi jariri, igiya mai mahimmanci wanda ya haɗa shi tare da mahaifiyarta, an yanke, kuma daga yanzu a jikin jikin ya kamata ya magance bilirubin wanda aka samar.
Tambayoyi da suka shafi mace kafin haihuwa
- Jaundice na jariran da aka haifa
Bayan haihuwa, jaririyar bilirubin za a iya rushewa, sannan jini ya zama ya fi girma. Jaundice a cikin yaron, musamman ma jaririn, ya fi yawan balagagge.
Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yara da aka haife su, waɗanda ba su cika ba, musayar bilirubin ne kawai ya rushe saboda rashin aikin haɗarin enzyme da ke da alhakin bilirubin metabolism. Alamar alama ta jaundice shine launin launi na fata da kuma sclera na idanu.
Ana yin jiyya ta amfani da phototherapy. An sanya jariri a karkashin wasu fitilu, inda haskoki ke shiga cikin fata kuma ta hallaka kwayoyin bilirubin. Har yanzu ba a bayyana yadda bilirubin ya fito daga jikin jaririn ba. Tare da karuwa mai yawa a cikin abun ciki na wannan abu, an yi amfani da transfusion jini. - Cututtuka na jariri
Rashin ƙara yawan nauyin bilirubin a cikin jini ana kiransa hyperbilirubinemia, kawai yaro wanda aka haifa wannan zai haifar da infarction na hakin kodan da kuma nakasa na cibiyar numfashi. Wannan cututtuka an fi gani sosai a cikin yara waɗanda ba a haifa ba.
Mahimmin bayani ga jariri ya dogara ne akan lalacewar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Idan an bayyana maye, akwai jaundice na nukiliya, idan jariri bai mutu ba bayan kwanaki 5-7 na rayuwa, kara karawa bayan ci gaba na jiki da kuma tunanin mutum. - Baby wanda aka dauka
An jinkirta hawan ciki idan fiye da makonni 42 ya shuɗe bayan bayanan ƙarshe ya ƙare. Ci gaba da ci gaba da jaririn a cikin mahaifa suna dogara ne akan manyan ayyuka biyu da mahaifa ke gudanarwa - ciyar da jariri tare da abinci da oxygen. Tare da ciki mai ciki, ƙwararriya ta riga ta yi amfani da ita, ta tsufa kuma ta ba da talauci ta bai wa jaririn abubuwan da ya dace don rayuwarsa. Sabili da haka, haɗarin oxygen kasawa ga tayin da mutuwa kafin da lokacin haihuwa.
A lokacin da aka sauya shi ko kuma yaro ya fito a fata sai fata ta bushe, an cire ta kuma a haɗe tare, kusoshi ko kusoshi tsawon lokaci kuma ba sa gashi. Gaba ɗaya, waɗannan yara ba su da man shafawa na ainihi ko kadan.
A cikin waɗannan lokuta, yana da matukar muhimmanci a san adadin makonni masu zuwa na ciki, tun da yake wannan shi ne saboda yadda abubuwan gina jiki da oxygen ke zuwa ga jaririn daga cikin mahaifa.
Gestation na makonni 40: canje-canje a ciki
Bayan watanni 9 ya zo ranar haihuwar haihuwa, kuma a cikin makonni 40 ba a fara aiki ba. Amma akwai lokacin da aka saita daga ranar farko ta watan jiya, ba daidai ba, tun da shi, likitoci sunyi tunanin cewa kwayoyin halitta ta kasance a tsakiyar tsakiyar motsi, kuma yarinya zai iya zama shiri kuma mako guda.
Kwanni 40 na ciki - fara aiki: bayarwa na halitta
Idan mace ta yanke shawarar haifuwa ba tare da wankewa ba, to, sai ta shirya don irin wannan haihuwa.
Gaskiya ne, haifuwar jiki bazai kasance a cikin dukkan lokuta ba a cikin dukkan mata. Bayan isowa a asibitin, bude kogin ne kawai 1 cm (ba za a dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba), amma mahaifiyar tana cikin mummunar zafi, wanda ke nufin cewa haihuwarta ta haihuwa za ta kasance mai tsanani. A wannan yanayin, har yanzu wajibi ne a yi amfani da cutar shan magani na epidural.
Amma idan bayyanar cervix yana da 4 cm, yakin basasa ba mai zafi ba, to, haifuwar ta hanyar halitta shine mai yiwuwa ya zama yanke shawara mai kyau.
A halin yanzu, hanyar da aka fi sani shine Lamaz - shirye-shirye don haihuwa. Amfani da wannan hanya, zaka sami ilimi da basirar aiki kafin ka ba da haihuwa. Horarren horarwa ne da masu sana'a da kuma masu taimakawa suke gudanarwa. Yana da muhimmanci cewa mahaifiyar ta gaba ta shiga tare da "mataimakin "ta, saboda shirin zai taimakawa wajen taimakawa cikin abubuwan da suka dace.
Shirye-shirye don haihuwa ta hanyar wannan hanya zai fi kyau idan "mai taimaka" na mace mai ciki ya shiga cikin motsa jiki kafin a fara aiki da tare da su. An nuna mace ta hanyar fasaha don mayar da hankali ga abubuwa, ta hanyar da zata iya taimakawa wajen jin zafi.
Yana da muhimmanci cewa mace a cikin aiki tana kula da tsarin haihuwar haihuwa kuma ya kasance a shirye don abubuwa masu ban mamaki, saboda ba'a iya ganin alamun haihuwar ba.
Dalilin haihuwar haihuwar jaririn lafiya ne. Kuma idan akwai buƙatar sashe na thosearean, wannan baya nufin cewa mahaifiyar ta cika manufarta. Bugu da ƙari, aiki na ɓangarorin Cesarean a wannan lokaci yana da aminci. Kuma babban farin ciki da cewa yanzu yara, a baya wanzuwa, an haifi yanzu.