Iyaye a gaban makaranta suna iya yin la'akari da abin da yara ke yi a kan shekaru 6. Bisa ga kalandar da aka ƙaddara a kan tsari No. 673 na Oktoba 30, 2007, Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ci gaban Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Rasha, yara masu shekaru 6 suna ba da izini na biyu akan rubella, kyanda da mumps.
Duk da haka, tsarin tsara alurar riga kafi ba cikakkar darajar ba. Dole ne a dauki alurar rigakafin la'akari da yanayin kiwon lafiyar a cikin makonni 2-4 da suka gabata kafin a sake revaccination. Tabbatar da la'akari da rashin lafiyar, ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka na kullum. Idan akwai wani bayyanar rashin lafiyar, kafin a yi alurar riga kafi, an riga an umarci yaron a gaban da bayan alurar rigakafi (fenkarol, suprastin).
Rubella
Rubella wata cuta ce. Ana sauƙin yaduwa ta hanyar tsaka-tsalle da tsire-tsire. Maganar kamuwa da cuta shine marasa lafiya a cikin kwanaki biyar daga farkon rash. Yawancin lokuta yawancin yara ke fama da cutar shekaru 2-9. Abin farin cikin, bayan da ciwon rashin lafiya sau ɗaya, mutum yana samun wata rigakafi mai dorewa ga wannan cuta. Yara suna iya ɗaukar inoculation, da cutar kanta. Manya suna fama da damuwa. Saboda haka, wannan maganin alurar riga kafi ba za a bari ba.
Na farko maganin alurar riga kafi a kan rubella an gudanar a watanni 12. A shekara shida, an yi maganin alurar riga kafi. Har ila yau, daga rubella, 'yan mata suna da shekaru 13 da haihuwa da mata waɗanda suke shirin yin ciki don watanni 3 kafin a yi zargin (idan ba a ciwo ba). A Rasha, ana amfani da kwayoyi masu zuwa:
Monocarcinas da rubella : maganin alurar riga kafi da Croatia ya samar; maganin alurar da aka samar a Indiya; Rudivax (Faransa).
Magunguna haɗu : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Amurka).
Matakan
Sakamakon kwayar cutar ne mai cututtuka. Yawanci tare da rash, kumburi da conjunctiva na idanu da kuma mucosa daga cikin ɓangare na numfashi na sama. Yana shimfidawa ne ta hanyar ruwan sama. Sakamakon farawa ne da sanyi tare da yaduwa, rashin ƙarfi, rage ci, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 38-39 digiri, da yawan zafin jiki.
Na farko alurar riga kafi da cutar kyanda ne aka yi a watanni 12 zuwa 12, inoculation na biyu kafin a yi makaranta zuwa yara a cikin shekaru 6. An rajista Rasha:
Monovirus maganin rigakafin cutar kyanda : Ruvax (Faransa); maganin cutar kyanda (Rasha).
Magunguna haɗu : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Amurka).
Magungunan annoba
Magungunan annoba da aka sani da mumps. Kwayoyin mumps suna daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar iska. Da zarar a kan kwayar mucous, kwayar cutar ta shiga cikin gland, da jini kuma daga can yana rinjayar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Haɗarin cutar tana cikin lokaci mai tsawo (latent). Na farko bayyanar cututtuka na iya bayyana bayan bayan makon 2-2,5 bayan kamuwa da cuta.
An fara yin rigakafi na farko a watanni 12, kuma a lokacin shekaru 6, yara suna shan revaccination. Ana amfani da kwayoyin rigakafi sosai. Mutanen da aka yi wa maganin alurar riga kafi suna fama da mumps sosai kuma tare da mafi yawan rikitarwa. A Rasha rajista:
Mono maganin rigakafi da mumps (mumps) : maganin alurar rigakafi (Rasha).
Magunguna haɗu : Prioriks (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Belgium); MMP-II (rubella, mumps, kyanda) (Amurka).
Ya kamata a tuna da cewa yin watsi da rigakafi, a cikin iyayen da ke gaba zasu sa yara da suka fi so su zama cututtukan cututtuka. Musamman magungunan wadannan cututtuka sun faru a cikin girma. Yaran da ba a yi wa alurar riga kafi ba, ba za a yarda su shiga halartar yara ba. Yana da haɗari a gare su su kasance a cikin kungiyoyin yara, sashe, clubs, zuwa taro masu yawa saboda matsanancin kamuwa da cuta. A cewar kididdigar, yawancin yara waɗanda ba su wuce maganin ba a lokacin, sun karbi cutar a makaranta.