Rashin amfani ba jumla ba ne. An ɗauka cewa daya cikin mata biyar da suke shirin yin jariri suna da matsala tare da farawar ciki. Amma mafiya yawa daga cikinsu sun yi nasara. Sakamakon bincike na yau da kullum da kuma maganin lafiya ya taimaka wajen magance irin wannan matsala a matsayin rashin haihuwa da rashin haihuwa.
Yaushe lokaci ya yi zuwa likita?
A matsayinka na mai mulki, mace ta yi ciki a cikin shekara daya bayan fara yin jima'i ba tare da yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa ba. Idan lokaci ba ya aiki a cikin ni'imarka (kana da shekaru 30 da haihuwa kuma ba ka yi ciki ba, kana da matsalolin gynecological ko ayyuka a baya), bayan wannan lokaci, kada ka yi jinkirin ziyarci likitan ɗan adam wanda ke kula da cutar rashin haihuwa. A game da matasan mata sosai, irin wannan ziyara za a iya dakatar da ita har shekara guda. Ma'aurata da dama sun zama iyaye ba tare da taimakon likita ba a shekara ta biyu na yunkurin hadin gwiwa don samun jariri.
Ka tuna cewa an halicci rayuwa tare, don haka ga likita dole ne ka kasance tare da abokin tarayya. Idan mijinki yana aririce ka ka fara tuntuɗa kanka - shawo kan shi ba haka ba. Mutane da yawa sun yanke shawarar zuwa likita sosai. Suna tunani game da ganewar asali, suna imani cewa wannan mummunan ra'ayi ne. A cewar masana, har zuwa kashi 15 cikin dari na ma'aurata suna fuskantar wasu matsalolin da za su kasance ciki. Akwai dalilai da yawa don wannan, kuma wani lokacin dalilai ne na duka abokan tarayya. Babban sanadin matsalar rashin lafiya shine mayar da hankali kan matsalar daya. Amma kana buƙatar neman sababbin sababbin lokuta ba tare da samun wani sakamako ba bayan magani. Lokaci ya wuce, da kuma yiwuwar kwayar halitta ba iyaka ba ne.
Samun rashin haihuwa shine dalilin kusan rabin ma'aurata, kuma bisa ga masana, waɗannan alamun suna ci gaba da girma. Ya kamata a gudanar da asali na abokan hulɗa a lokaci guda. Hanyoyin ilimin kimiyya marasa kyau, hanya mara kyau na rayuwa ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa lokuta masu rashin haihuwa ba su da yawa a cikin wakilan ma'aurata.
A ina zan iya samun taimako?
Kuna iya zuwa likitan ilimin likitancin likita a asibitin, kuma zai, idan ya cancanta, ya shiryar da ku. Shawarar da za a gwada da kuma bi da rashin haihuwa shine yawancin masanin ilimin lissafi da kuma endocrinologist, da kuma gwani game da cututtuka na hormonal a cikin maza da magungunan (likita a cikin cututtuka na tsarin haihuwa) ko urologist (gwani a cututtuka na tsarin dabbobi).
Idan kana da dama (ciki har da kudi) - ya fi kyau samun magani na rashin haihuwa a asibitin. Akwai mashawarran kwararrun, kwararru da masana kimiyya, dukansu a wuri guda. Za a yi nazarin ganewa da magani sosai a hankali kuma zaka iya adana lokaci mai yawa. Lokacin da ka gano cewa aikinka maras muhimmanci ne, to tabbas za ka ƙare tare da ziyara ɗaya ko biyu a farashin ƙananan sabis. Idan akwai matsala mai tsanani, mai yiwuwa likita mai dogara zai shiryar da ku ta hanyar dukkanin hanyoyin maganin zuwa ƙarewa mai farin ciki.
Tambaya akan yiwuwar bayar da kuɗi na wani ɓangare na bincike da magani ana kara karuwa a cikin ɗakunan kamfanoni a karkashin yarjejeniyoyin da suka dace tare da asusun. Mai yawa bayanai masu amfani, ciki har da game da mafi kyau cibiyoyin kula da rashin haihuwa a yankinka da kuma ra'ayin likitoci za ka iya samun a cikin Association for Treatment of Infertility.
Ka tuna cewa irin wannan mawuyacin hali a matsayin maganin rashin haihuwa, yana da muhimmanci a dogara ga likita sosai. Saboda haka, duk abin da ke da mahimmanci a nan - da kuma amsa wasu marasa lafiya, har ma da ra'ayinka na farko. Kada ka yi jinkirin tambayi likita don tabbatar da cancantarsa - wannan ne dama.
Menene ganewar asalin mace?
Masana sun nuna: babu wani dalili na kimantawa na aikin haifa don ya wuce fiye da watanni uku. A lokaci guda, idan kun yi hulɗa da masu sana'a, za ku iya ganin duk abin da za ku yi. Yawancin likitocin likita suna da kyakkyawar tattaunawa da iyayensu a nan gaba domin suyi zato game da matsalar. Wannan baya canza gaskiyar cewa intuition bai isa ba. Wannan wajibi ne don kammala cikakkun matakai na ganewar asali.
A cikin mata, ilimin likita ya haɗa da jarrabawar gynecology, duban dan tayi nazarin ɓangaren tubes na fallopian, binciken laparoscopic. Wannan karshen yana baka damar duba ko dalilin rashin haihuwa shine wasu ciwo na rashin jini - spikes ko endometriosis. Idan likita ya lura da matsalolin da ke cikin ɗakun hanji, irin su polyps, zai iya bayar da shawarar sautin hoto ko duban dan tayi bayan yad da saline ta hanyar kullun. Wannan binciken ba shi da kyau kuma ba shi da kyau.
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci na ganewar asali shine ma'anar lokacin jima'i da ingancinta. Wadannan nazarin jinsin suna da mashahuri, amma babu wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine kimantawa na ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa. Don wannan dalili, ba wai kawai misali duban dan tayi aka yi ba, amma, sama da duka, jerin jarabawar hormonal don kimanta aikin da thyroid gland shine. Matakan da androgens, aikin adrenal da kuma aikin ovarian pituitary kuma an kimantawa.
Ana buƙatar gwajin bacteriological. Kwayar cuta ta hanyar cuta ce ta haifar da rashin haihuwa, amma har yanzu ba a kididdigata a kasarmu ba. Wajibi ne don ware cututtuka irin su chlamydia. Kusan "smear" bai isa ba - ana buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na musamman, wanda zai yiwu a kimanta tsayayyar magunguna na microbes.
Abu mai wuya, duk waɗannan binciken ba su bayar da amsar game da haddasa rashin haihuwa ba. Idan kai da abokin tarayyarka suna lafiya lafiya, likita a wasu lokuta suna bada shawara akan nazarin kwayoyin halitta da kuma gwaje-gwajen immunological. Irin wannan matsalolin yakan taso daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, samun damar binciken bincike yana da wuyar gaske, kuma farashin su yana da tsayi. Amma sakamakon yana da daraja.
Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa ta asali na rashin haihuwa
Sau da yawa duban dan tayi da gwajin jini zai iya taimakawa wajen gano dalilin rashin haihuwa. A cikin 30-35% na lokuta, rashin haihuwa ya danganta da tubal occlusion, kuma wani kashi 25% yana hade da cututtukan hormonal. Dalilin kamuwa da tubal, a matsayin mai mulkin, su ne kwayoyin halitta wadanda ke haifar da cututtuka na ainihi, irin su chlamydia ko gonorrhea. Rashin ƙonawa mai tsanani ko na ci gaba na iya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙwanƙwasa, ƙaddamar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar magunguna.
Matakan haɗari na aikin haihuwa wanda ke haɗuwa da rashin kwayar halitta ko rashin daidaituwa (wanda ba a yaduwa ba, ba a yad da kwanyar a lokacin jima'i). Akwai kuma alamun bayyanar cututtuka da aka gaji ta hanyar jini wanda ake kira polycystic ovary syndrome. A cikin ovaries, akwai mummunar hormones na namiji, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma samar da cysts. Wani matsala shine hyperprolactinemia (matakin high prolactin), wanda zai haifar da amenorrhea. Hakanan zai iya rinjayar cutar ta hanyar jima'i, rage lalata kwayar cutar a cikin mata, hana ci gaban amfrayo.
Halin rashin daidaituwa ya haifar da abubuwa masu yawa, sau da yawa hade da salon. Gurasa mai gina jiki, nauyin nauyi, damuwa na yau da kullum, cin zarafin barasa har ma wasanni masu sana'a zai iya "kawo karshen" sabon ƙoƙari na yaro. Hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa kuma suna haifar da rushewa a cikin aiki na glandon thyroid, pituitary gland shine kuma adrenal gland.
Mai laifi na rashin haihuwa (ko wani abu mai mahimmanci don rage ƙwayar haihuwa) wani lokaci shine endometriosis. Wannan cututtuka yana hade da gingwadon gishiri na endometrium (membrane mucous na cikin mahaifa) a cikin gabobin ɓangaren ciki. Endometrium yana samuwa a wannan wurin kuma daidai da yadda sauye-sauyen cyclic ya kasance cikin mahaifa. Yana fadadawa, haifar da ƙumburi da ƙusarwa. Zai fi wuya a yi ciki idan nau'o'in ya danganci aiki na ovaries ko tubes fallopian.
Wani lokaci mawuyacin rashin haihuwa ya kasance nau'o'in maganin cututtuka daban-daban da ake amfani dasu don magance cututtuka da yawa, musamman antidepressants, hormones, da maganin rigakafi da kuma analgesics. Daga cikin su akwai wadanda ke samuwa ba tare da takardar sayan magani (kamar aspirin da ibuprofen ba, idan an dauke su a tsakiyar kwayar halitta). Wani lokaci infertility an lalacewa ta hanyar maganin radiation da kuma maganin antitumor wanda zai iya lalata hawaye.
Wani mawuyacin rashin haihuwa a cikin mata, a matsayin mai mulkin, wasu cututtuka ne a cikin kafa kwayoyin haihuwa. Wadannan sun haɗa da lalacewar cutar ta cikin mahaifa da farji, da kowane nau'in fibroids da kuma adhesions a cikin ƙananan ciki da ƙananan kwaskwarima. Tabbatar da daraja a kusa da cervix. Abin da ake kira factor infertility a cikin mata yana da dangantaka da canje-canje a jikin jikin mahaifa. Abubuwa mafi yawan suna da dangantaka da matsayi na cervix. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada, ana amfani da shi a bango na farji. Canje-canje a cikin matsayi yana da wuya a tuntuɓi mahaifa na mahaifa.
Dalilin rashin haihuwa shine wasu lokuta ƙonewa na cervix. Yana rinjayar dukiyar da ke da ƙwayar magunguna, yana sa shi ainihin "abokin gaba" na maniyyi. Wannan yakan haifar da canji a cikin acidity da kuma kasancewar wasu masu kisan gilla. A sakamakon haka, ba su da damar cimma burinsu.
Duration na magani
Labari ne cewa likitocin kusan suna ba da yara daga jariri gwajin. Wannan hanya ana daukarta azaman matsananciyar ma'auni. Ana amfani da Allunan da aka fi amfani dashi don cire cututtuka na hormonal, ko yin yaki da kamuwa da cuta. Wani lokaci magani yana da muhimmanci: yawanci laparoscopic, kyale har ma ya warke ovarian ko mahaifa mahaifa, ciwon daji na endometrial, ko don cire wani hani a cikin sifa.
Lokacin da ganewar asali na "rashin lahani na aikin haihuwa" ba zai iya bayyana ainihin dalilan rashin haihuwa ba, kuma yanayin goyon baya ya zama dole (alal misali, lokacin da haihuwa ya rage ta hanyar tsufa) - to, ana bukatar matakan musamman. Ya kamata ku ziyarci likita sau da yawa don kula da tasirin magani. Idan babu wani abu da zai taimaka, hanyoyi masu tsada ba su da iko - zaka iya magana game da bukatar IVF.
A wannan mataki, wasu likitoci sun bada shawara akan hanyar maganin kwari. An yi amfani da allurar rigakafi na abokin tarayya ta yin amfani da catheter na musamman, kai tsaye zuwa cikin mahaifa. Yana da yawa mai rahusa fiye da a cikin vitro, kuma an kubutar da shi idan akwai matsaloli tare da cervix da sperm na abokin tarayya. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a tuna cewa tasirinsa, ko da a cikin binciken mafi kyau, bai wuce 15% ba.
Hanyar IVF
Yanke shawarar yin amfani da hakorar in vitro ya kamata a dogara ne akan ganewar asali. Idan lokacin gargajiya ya wuce iyakacin iyakance ga abokan tarayya, har ma a lokuta da mata a kan shekaru 35, suna barazana ga asarar haihuwa. Gaba ɗaya, hanyar IVF ba a ba da shawarar ga mata masu ƙanana fiye da shekaru 35 tare da haihuwa da rashin haihuwa.
Wannan hanya ta dogara ne akan zabin yanayi a dakin gwaje-gwaje na 'ya'yan kwayoyin da ba a haɗe ba a cikin su. Don haka an sanya amfrayo a shirye-shiryen cikin mahaifa, ta hanyar zagaye duk matakai na hadewar jiki. Ana amfani da tasiri na hanyar zuwa kimanin 30% idan aka kwatanta da hanyar gargajiya.