Orchids su ne mafi kyau furanni a duniya. Kuma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu! Fiye da nau'in iri iri da iri iri. Masanin kimiyyar Jamus Alexander Humboldt ya fada cewa saurin zane-zane na rayuwa bai isa ya samo irin bambancin wadannan launuka na mala'iku ba. Shuka irin wannan mu'ujiza a gida - mafarki na yawan masu shuka flower flower. Shin zai yiwu? Haka ne! Saboda haka, furanni kochid na cikin gida da kulawa da su - batun batun tattaunawar yau.
BAYA BAYA BAZA, Gadi
A zamanin d ¯ a, "orikal" mala'iku ba sa sha'awar mutane. Akwai gwagwarmayar rayuwa, kuma sun ... ci. Kakanninmu sun gano cewa orchis (Turai orchid) na da nau'i biyu a ƙarƙashin ƙasa - matasa da tsofaffi. Kuma a cikin matasa - babban iko. An yi shi da magani da makamashi. Magoyacin Golden Horde sun kasance sun bushe dankali a cikin knapsack: wani karamin juyi ya maye gurbin abincin rana da abincin dare a gare su. Tubers, kama da kwayoyin, kuma sun ba da sunan zuwa ga iyali. Shekaru 300 kafin haihuwar Kristi, Girkanci Phosphrastus da ake kira orchis orchis (daga Girkanci "orchis" - testicles). Har wa yau muna jin daɗin ci 'ya'yan itacen orchids. Alal misali, 'ya'yan itace Vanilla ne mai laushi. Kuma a Thailand a kowane kasuwa za ku sami bunches na Precious Orchids a matsayin salatin. Don haka ra'ayi a baya da ra'ayi ya ɓace. A hanyar, an rubuta sunayen mu na arewacin orchids a cikin Red Book.
MAL GOLDEN ROAD DA ROADS
Orchids ne furanni masoyi. Ko da cymbidiums, phalaenopis da cattleya suna kashe kuɗi mai yawa. An bayyana hakan ta hanyar aiki na namo. Hakika, kafin furannin orchid, zai ɗauki kimanin shekaru biyar. Kuma suna sayar da, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna yin furanni. Farfaganda da rabo daga rhizomes, tubers, cuttings, a kaikaice harbe. A wannan yanayin, ana samun tsire-tsire biyu. Tare da haifuwa na iri, yana da damar yin girma duk wanda. Yana da ban sha'awa, amma kuma yana haifar da matsala da takaici. Raba da ƙwayoyi na wurare masu zafi ko tsaba daga tsaba sun koya ba haka ba da dadewa. Sai kawai a cikin 1909 Faransanci ya fahimci dalilin dalilin rashin nasara. Ya bayyana cewa tsaba daga mafi yawan ƙwayoyin kogin sunyi girma a gaban microgijin fungi, wanda wadannan furanni ke rayuwa a symbiosis. Amma akwai wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa, wadanda aka fada daga karni zuwa karni. Don haka, William Cattles, mai sha'awar furen fure, wanda aka karɓa daga Brazil ya ƙunshi tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin furen fata. Bar masanin kimiyya ya jefa kusurwar greenhouse. Bayan 'yan watanni wani furannin bango marar kyau ya fadi a kan "dump". Ba'a sani ba ne a Turai. An kira ta Cattleya.
KADA KA KASA KUMA KUMA BUKA
A cikin gidajenmu, furanni kochid na cikin gida ba su rayuwa ba, amma sun tsira: sanyi, bushe, duhu. Kula da su yana da wuya. Duk da haka, akwai wasu nau'o'in nau'i, wanda ba haka ba ne kuma yana da bukatar haske, zazzabi, zafi. Amma ba za a iya kira su ba. Gaskiyar ita ce, kochids ba su da cikakkun bukatun zuwa abun ciki ba. Kowace buƙatar yana buƙatar kowa ya kusanci. Yana da muhimmanci a san lokacin da orchid yana da lokacin hutu. Idan a lokacin kullun kodan don biyan bukatunsa, zai gode wa flowering.
Phalaenopsis yana daya daga cikin shaguna na cikin gida. A baya an gabatar da shi a cikin fararen fata da launin sauti, yanzu gamma ya fi girma. Fannin - fadi, furen nama. Suna tara ruwa. Yanayin zafi a ƙasa da digiri 16 suna da wuya a yi haƙuri. Yanke fadin fadin.
Cymbidium yana da sauƙin ganewa ta hanyar furen fadi. Koda siffofi masu banƙyama suna da tsayi. Tsarin iska ya fi so. A lokacin lokacin gyaran fuska yana buƙatar bambancin yanayi. Yayin wannan lokacin ya dade don bazara, yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da iska daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Babban abu shi ne kawo shi gida a lokaci.
Cattleya bambancin. A wasu nau'in, flower ya kai 30 cm Cattleya, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da lebe na launi daban-daban. Wannan yana ba da furen musamman. Yana buƙatar maɗaukaki har ma ba tare da canje-canje, zafi mai zafi ba. Zai fi kyau a ci gaba da kasancewa a pallet tare da rigar rigar. A cikin hunturu, ana rage yawan zazzabi da zafi. Yana son hasken.
Cetoglina mai yawa ne. Game da nau'in 200. Mafi shahararrun shine celinine tseren: cikakke furanni da rawaya. A lokacin hutawa, an rage gurasar. Kar a overdry! A lokacin rani ya fi dacewa don fitar da iska a cikin inuwa. Alal misali, ƙarƙashin kambi na itace.
Dendrobium da sunansa yana cewa yana son girma a bishiyoyi. Safiya, kamar yawancin orchids. Mafi yawan nau'o'i mai yawa daga iyalin orchids shine kimanin 1500 nau'in. Akwai tsire-tsire na mita biyu a tsawo, akwai ƙananan dwarfs. Bukatun ga duka sun bambanta. Mutane da yawa bayan flowering rarraba ganye, kuma a lokacin hutawa suna buƙatar sanyi. Amma akwai lokutta.
Lycasta yana daya daga cikin mafi kyau orchids. Watakila saboda masu shayarwa sunyi aiki sosai tare da wannan nau'in. Halin furanni da launuka suna ban mamaki. Ga hunturu ya saukad da ganye. Yana son iska mai iska, bai yarda da zafi ba.
Miltonius ana kiransa pansies. A tsakiyar kowace furen hoto hoto ne mai kama da mamaki. Yana buƙatar nuna bambancin yau da kullum. Yana girma cikin m inuwa.
Paphiopedilum - Venerin wani slipper. Saboda lakabin takalmin, wannan jinsin yana dauke da mutane da yawa don zama "real" orchids. Ba kamar 'yan uwa ba, takalma ne na shuke-shuke. A wannan rukuni akwai biyu mafi girma kochids. Furensu ya kai mita 1.5. Suna son penumbra kuma basu yarda da hasken rana.
Ƙananan bukatun ga ƙasa - siffar kowane furanni na inchid na cikin gida kuma kula da su saboda wannan yana da wuya fiye da haka. Tun da yawancin su su ne epiphytes ciyar da oxygen, kasar gona dole ne m da kuma matsakaici m. Dole ne ya zama gishiri mai laushi (ƙananan haushi, ƙananan yashi, fibrous peat, gansakuka). Don epiphytes (phalaenopsis, cattleya), "girke-girke" za a iya amfani dasu: 3 sassa na bawo, 3 sassa na yatsan (wasu da aka maye gurbin su tare da murmushi), kashi 1 na sphagnum, kashi 1 na yumbu mai yisti, 2 grams na lemun tsami da lita na substrate. Don kochids terrestrial (Takalman takalma), kai kashi 5 na haushi (barkan barkono yana burodi, ba tare da tar, kuma kara), 1 part da gaura, 1 part sphagnum, 1 part vermiculite, 2 grams lemun tsami da lita substrate.