Tsire-tsire irin wannan nau'in sun hada da dabino tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (yawancin lokuta da dama), wanda akwai alamar zobe. Ganye na tsire-tsire masu tsinkaye ne, launin kore a launi, ganye suna lanceolate, haɗe-haɗe-haɗe, tare da rarrabawa a jimillar, an kwatanta dasu.
Cikin itatuwan da ke cikin gida suna da ƙwayoyi masu guba, wanda mazaunan yankin kudu maso gabashin Asia suke yin shan magunguna da sunan daya "betel". Wannan mai shan taba yana da mashahuri - ana amfani dashi a matsayin mai tasowa da narcotic.
Iri.
- Areca triandra Roxb. ex. Buch. - am. ko Areca marubuta uku. Yana tsiro ne a cikin ramin teku na Malacca da Indiya. Yana da ƙananan bakin ciki, an rufe su tare da scars a cikin nau'i na zobba na trunks, kowannensu yana tsiro zuwa mita biyu ko uku. Kwanta na trunks shine 2.5-5 centimeters. Bar raƙuman tsibirin tsawa uku daga mita daya zuwa rabi, madaidaiciya. Rubutun tsire-tsire a tsayi daga 45 zuwa 90 inimita, a nisa daga 2,5 zuwa 3,5 centimeters, drooping. Inflorescence axillary, har zuwa mita tsawo. Furen suna da fari da m. 'Ya'yan itace kusan kimanin centimita 2.5 ne. Irin wannan isca an san shi sosai mai ado, kuma ana horar da shi a ɗakin dakuna.
- Areca lutescens hort. ko Areca yellowing. Wannan jinsin yana da wasu sunaye: Dypsis lutescens H. Wendl. Beentje & J. Dransf.) Ko Dipsis yellowing da Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wendl. ko Chrysalidocarpus yellowing. Yana girma a Malaysia. Areca yellowing yana da madaidaiciya, na bakin ciki, ɓawon zuciya, wanda yakan kai mita 10 a tsawo. Ganye na tsire-tsire masu tsinkaye ne, mai tsayi, mai tsawon mita 1-1.3. Ganye suna da tsada sosai kuma suna isa tsawon 20-35 centimeters, da kuma nisa na uku centimeters. Ana dauke da nau'in jinsin kayan ado sosai.
- Areca catechu L. ko Areca catechu. Wani suna shi ne Palma betel. Yana tsiro a bakin tekun tsibirin Malacca, a Gabashin Indiya da kuma tsibirin Malay. Tsaya kawai daga cikin tsire-tsire ne madaidaiciya, an rufe shi tare da scars annular, mita 25 mai tsawo, tare da diamita na mita 5 zuwa 12. Ganye suna da karfi kuma suna da tsayi, suna kai mita 1.1-1.8. Ganyayyaki suna da kyau, 40-45 centimeters tsawo kuma har zuwa uku centimeters wide. Halin da ake ciki shine axillary (wato, shi yana tasowa a cikin rassan ganye, yawanci yawancin) zuwa 60 centimeters tsawo. Furen suna da kyau a launi kuma suna da ƙanshi mai dadi. Sakamakon tsawon shine 4-5 cm, diamita na tsaba shine 2 cm. Tsaba na catechus suna launin rawaya kuma an kira su "betel nut". Wannan nau'in shuke-shuke yana da halakarwa sosai.
Kula da shuka.
Areca itace itatuwan dabino wadda ke da haske da hasken haske kuma yana jurewa hasken rana kai tsaye. Saboda wannan dalili, inji yana kama da girma a windows windows. Duk da haka, a kan lokutan zafi da kwanakin rana, ya fi dacewa da tsalle a tsakar rana. An dakatar da shuka da kuma inuwa mai kyau, saboda haka ya dace da girma a windows windows. An saya ko kuma ba a sani ba ga rukunin rana ya kamata a daidaita shi don hasken rana, in ba haka ba zai iya samun kunar kunar rana.
A lokacin rani, yana da kyau don kiyaye shuka a yanayin zazzabi na 22-25 ° C. A tsawon lokaci daga kaka zuwa spring, za a rage yawan zazzabi zuwa 18-23 ° C, amma ba kasa da 16 ° C. Bugu da ƙari, dabino yana buƙatar hawan iska mai sauƙi. Duk da haka, kauce wa zane.
A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, watering ya kamata ya zama mai yawa kamar yadda kasan saman duniya ya bushe. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata a ɗauka mai laushi da dindindin. Da farko a cikin kaka, ana shayar da shuka sosai kuma kawai don hana ƙasa daga bushewa sama. Kula da hankali a cikin kaka da hunturu babu ambaliya, saboda yana da hatsarin gaske ga isca. A wannan lokaci na shekara, ruwa da kututture bayan kwana biyu zuwa kwana uku bayan saman saman ƙasa ya bushe.
Harshen gidan yasa ya fi iska da zafi mai tsanani, musamman a lokacin rani. A lokacin rani, kuma a kai a kai yana shayar da shuka daga furewa tare da ruwa mai laushi mai tsabta. Ya kamata ruwa ya kasance a dakin da zafin jiki. Dole a katse shuki a lokacin sanyi.
Takin shuka yana da muhimmanci a duk shekara. Areques ne mafi dacewa don dacewa da ma'adinai masu ma'adinai waɗanda suke da ƙwayar cuta. Zaka iya amfani da takin gargajiya. Don ciyar da itatuwan dabino ya zama dole sau biyu a wata a cikin rani kuma sau ɗaya a wata a cikin hunturu.
Areca ba daidai ba ne game da dasawa, saboda haka yana da kyau don dasa shuka, ya maye gurbin magudanar ruwa da sake cika ƙasa. Yawan itatuwan dabino a cikin lokacin ci gaban aiki ya kamata a canza shi a kowace shekara, manya - sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku zuwa hudu. Don samfurori da ke girma a cikin tubs, dole ne a sauya saman launi na ƙasa a kowace shekara ba tare da kullun ba. Zai fi dacewa da gauraye ƙasa: ƙasa mai laushi, turfy ƙasa, yashi da humus cikin rabo daga 2: 4: 1: 1. Manya da itacen dabino, mafi yawan ƙasashen humus yana bukatar. Har ila yau, a kan kasan tukunyar da ake buƙatar sakawa mai kyau.
Wannan gidan dabino ya sake haifar da tsaba a cikin lokacin bazara-rani. Domin tsaba su yi girma da sauri kuma sun samu nasara, dole ne su dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai dumi a zafin jiki na 23-28C.
Ka tuna wannan isca - tsire-tsire mai guba, yana dauke da wasu alkaloids, ciki har da collaps, da tannins. Ana amfani da Areku ne a matsayin magani - injin yana zama mai kyau kuma yana taimakawa wajen kawar da cututtukan.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu.
- A sakamakon tsofaffi na tsufa, ƙananan ganyayyaki na isca na iya zama tsattsewa kuma ya fadi.
- Ƙwararren ganye na itatuwan dabino zai iya zama ɓarna saboda rashin bushewa na iska ko kuma idan aka ajiye shuka a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi.
- Ganye na iska zai iya juya launin rawaya - wannan shine sakamakon rashin rashin ruwa ko wuce haddi na hasken rana.
Wadannan kwari suna da haɗari ga shuka: mealybug, scab, gizo-gizo mite da whitefly.