Ƙuntatawa ko rashi irin wannan sanarwa yana tare da ɓarna mai girma a yanayin dogara. Mutumin da ke shan maganin ƙwayar maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana so ya sami jin dadi daga shan magungunan da ke haifar da cin zarafi a cikin kwakwalwa. Ayyukan wannan tsarin mai juyayi yana raguwa tare da lokaci, wanda zai haifar da ci gaban haƙuri - buƙatar ƙara yawan kashi don cimma burin da ake so.
Cire janyewa
Rushewar wani abu mai kwakwalwa yana tare da bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban da suka danganci irin miyagun ƙwayoyi:
- psychostimulants - damuwa, damuwa, barci mai tsawo;
- masu sassaucin hankali - damuwa, razana, damuwa;
- marijuana - rashin natsuwa, rashin tausayi, rashin barci, rashin ci abinci, asarar nauyi;
- heroin - daban-daban na halin kirki da na jiki.
Ci gaba da sha'anin sunadarai yana shafar wasu dalilai masu hankali, ciki har da halayen basira da halayen mutum:
- son zuciyarsa - na iya tashi, misali, a cikin hada shan taba da abinci;
- halaye na mutum - siffofi masu mahimmanci kamar su ne don ƙarfafawa da kuma irin maganin matsaloli;
- dalilai na zamantakewa - a cikin kafawar dogara wani muhimmiyar rawar da ake takawa ta hanyar halayyar halayyar da ke cikin yanayin zamantakewa masu dacewa.
Yawancin mutanen da suke amfani da kwayoyi sune matasa, yawancin namiji. Wani labari na al'ada shi ne cigaban ci gaba da dogara ga '' maganganun 'yanci' '' '' kwayoyi - barasa da nicotine, wanda a wasu lokuta ya shiga amfani da marijuana, kuma wasu lokuta ma magunguna masu yawa. Yawancin lokaci abin dogara ne abin da aka yarda (nicotine, barasa ko ma shayi da kofi) ko kuma dakatar (marijuana, heroin). Mafi yawan abubuwan da aka dakatar shine marijuana. A cewar kididdiga, yawancin matasa a cikin shekaru 25 suna da shekaru 25 a cikin rayuwarsu sun gwada marijuana. Yin amfani da ecstasy, LSD da cocaine a zamaninmu ya zama abin haɓaka da fasaha na matasa.
Tarihi
Matsalar karewar sunadaran sun wanzu na dogon lokaci. A cikin karni na 17 da haihuwa, sha ruwan inabi ya fi tsaro fiye da yin amfani da ruwan sha. A tsakiyar karni na XIX, ana iya sayar da opium a cikin kantin sayar da kayan kasuwa. A cikin 50-60s na karni na karshe, mafi yawancin magungunan sun kasance amphetamines, waɗanda aka saba wajabta don dalilai na kiwon lafiya, da kuma barbiturates. A shekara ta 1975, ƙwanƙwasawa na yin amfani da suturar hanyoyi, masu amfani da hypnotics da stimulants sun fara. A halin yanzu, likitoci ba da izini sun rubuta wadannan kwayoyi ba saboda yiwuwar tasowa buri da kuma dogara.
Abubuwan da aka hana haramun sun hada da:
- psychostimulants (amphetamines, ecstasy, marijuana da kuma cocaine);
- masu sintiri (barbiturates, neuroleptics, heroin);
- hallucinogens (LSD).
Bambanci tsakanin amfani da zalunci (game da magunguna da dokoki marasa laifi) shine, yafi mahimmancin dogara da sakamakon da suka samu. Yana da kyau a yi magana game da lalacewa a lokuta da ake amfani da kwayoyi masu narkewa don wasu dalilai kuma gaba ɗaya sun zama ƙarƙashin rayuwar mutum. Mutane da yawa za su yarda cewa za a iya la'akari da zalunci lokacin da, saboda sakamakon cin abinci na yau da kullum, mutum da yanayinsa suna da matsala ko kuma zamantakewa.
Alamun shan ƙwayoyi
Mutane masu dogara da kwayar cutar za su iya amfani da kwayoyi da dama daban. Alamar yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na yau da kullum zai iya haɗa da canje-canje a cikin halin kirki, haɓaka ƙuƙwalwa, ɓoyewa, rashin tausayi, sauye-sauyen yanayi, rashin ci abinci, asarar sha'awa ga ilmantarwa da nishaɗi. Hakika, wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya samun wasu ƙananan. Alamar da ta fi dacewa za ta iya zama ƙuntatawa mai ƙyama ga ɗalibai, da kuma ajiya na shinge da needles. Bayan gano cewa yaro yana amfani da kwayoyi, yana da mahimmanci kada ku "lanƙara sanda". Yawancin matasa suna gwaji tare da shan marijuana, ba tare da yin amfani da kwayoyi ba.
Jiyya
Abin mummunan abu shine dogara ga kwayoyi, hanyoyi na cin nasara ana miƙa su da dama. An bunkasa shirin kulawa tare da likita. Don gyara yanayin halayen da ke hade da shan magungunan, zaka iya buƙatar taimakon mai ilimin psychologist. Yayinda cututtuka masu tasowa suka haifar da sakamakon shan marijuana, shan barasa ko heroin, sau da yawa yana buƙatar kira zuwa wasu masu sana'a. Babban wuraren gyara gyara shi ne haɓaka a dalili don barin watsi da mummuna, samar da bayanai akan hanyoyin da za a iya magance shi, kuma, idan ya cancanta, maganin magani. Matsayin da cutar ta sha da bambanci. Ya dogara, musamman, a kan halaye na aikin abu da aka yi amfani dasu da kuma halayen halayen mai haƙuri. Smoking ƙara haɗarin ciwon huhu da ciwon zuciya da zuciya. Abun barasa ko maye gurbi zai iya haifar da sakamakon da ba'a so ba. Drug dogara ba zai iya zama dalilin matsalolin da yawa ba. Tsarin kowane nau'i yana sa mutum ya yaudara, son kansa kuma ya dace da sace wasu.
Dalili na tasiri a kan psyche ya dogara da irin miyagun ƙwayoyi: marijuana - a wasu mutane da amfani bazai haifar da mummunar tasiri ba, amma wannan yakan haifar da haɗari marar mutuwa. Yin amfani da marijuana mai tsanani na iya haifar da wani ɓangare na ƙananan psychosis. Tare da yin amfani da shi na yau da kullum, akwai yiwuwar rage yawan sha'awar jima'i da kuma rashin cin zarafi; a heroin - shan wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi yana hade da babban haɗarin mutuwa daga overdose. Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da cututtuka na numfashi da maƙarƙashiya. Duk da haka, babban haɗari ya kasance a cikin hanyar intravenous na gwamnati: yin amfani da sinadarai tare da buƙatunsu yakan haifar da yaduwar cututtuka, misali HIV da hepatitis; Ecstasy - akwai bayanai game da mutuwar matasa game da yin amfani da wannan magani, mai yiwuwa saboda rashin jin dadin jiki.
Akwai shaidar da za a iya tabbatar da cewa matasa da ke cin zarafin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta sukan san "magunguna" a farkon lokaci. Idan matashi bai taba shan taba ba, barasa ko magunguna kafin shekarun 18 zuwa 25, yiwuwar amfani da su a nan gaba yana ragu sosai. Saboda haka, hanya mafi kyau ta rigakafi ita ce ta hana shan taba da shan taba. Akwai cibiyoyin zamantakewar zamantakewa ga mutanen da ke fama da barasa. Kasancewa a cikinsu yana da amfani sosai ga mutane guda ɗaya - yana ba su damar canza rayukansu a hanyar da babu hanyar yin barasa a cikinta.