Melanoma yana daya daga cikin irin ciwon daji na fata. Kadan yafi sauran nau'in ciwon fata na fata, amma haɗari. Melanoma yana rinjayar fata, amma zai iya ba da ganyayyaki da kuma yada ga kasusuwa da gabobin ciki. Irin wannan ciwon daji a fuskar fuska ba'a taba samuwa ba. Duk da haka, wasu mata har yanzu suna kallon kowane ɗigon haihuwa, suna ƙoƙarin tsammanin melanoma a fuskar su. Wadannan mata zasu kasance da amfani don sanin dukkan alamun wannan cuta.
Alamun farko
Alamar mafi mahimmanci da muhimmiyar ci gaba da melanoma shine kowane canji a cikin girman, siffar ko launi na nevus, da kuma duk wasu launi na alade a fata, alal misali, alamomi. Don canje-canjen da ke faruwa, ya kamata ku kiyaye wani lokaci (daga mako zuwa wata). Don kama canje-canje, zaka iya amfani da mulkin ABCDE. Zai taimaka wajen tantance canje-canje a cikin tsarin fata zuwa gare ku da kuma gwani. Don haka, raguwa ABCDE na nufin:
- "A" (Asymmetry - Asymmetry). Sakamakon yanayin girma, lokacin da aka kara girma daga wasu ƙananan gefen nevus.
- "B" (Yankin Ingila wanda ba daidai ba ne). Hali na gefen nevus, alal misali, fuzzy, ragged, blurred, da dai sauransu.
- "C" (Turanci na launi - launi). Abinda ke da nasaba don satar da sabon abu. Za'a iya tabbatar da ci gaban melanoma ta hanyoyi daban-daban, a gaban dukkan tabarau na tan (daga haske zuwa launin ruwan kasa zuwa baki). Watakila a gaban farin, ja, alamar shuɗi, wanda yake ba da alamar alamar wata siffar motsa jiki. Irin wadannan canje-canjen a cikin yanayin pigmentation, musamman ma lokacin da yada shi daga gefuna na nevus zuwa kayan da ke kewaye, an kuma dauke shi a matsayin farkon alamar ci gaban melanoma.
- "D" (diamita - diamita, girman). Duk wani ciwon daji da ke cikin fata ya kamata ya firgita. Musamman idan tabo da alade ko nevus ya karu da girman ta fiye da 0.6 cm ko, misali, zuwa girman naura a fensir.
- "E" (juyin halitta - juyin halitta, a cikin hanyar ci gaba). Duk wani canje-canje a cikin girman da siffar, bayyanar sababbin cututtuka (ciwo ko kayan ƙanshi), yanayin rashin daidaituwa, zubar da jini, canje-canje a cikin launi na alamar alade na iya zama alamun melanoma ci gaba.
Wadannan ana gane su ne alamun melanoma:
- Girgije ko thickening na farfajiya na fata na nevus, wanda a baya lebur.
- Canje-canje a cikin yanayin yanayin, alal misali, bayyanar rushewa, striation, zub da jini ko scabs.
- Daga kayan kwakwalwan da suke kewaye da su na iya bayyana canje-canje a cikin hanyar redness, busawa, sabon ƙananan alamu, kewaye da babban launi, abin da ake kira tauraron dan adam.
- Ana rarraba abubuwan da ke cikin gida don yin tayarwa, tingling ko konewa.
- Zai yiwu a canza halin mutunci, daidaito, alal misali, raɗawa ko rarrabawa zuwa kananan ƙananan, sassan da ke iya raba, bayyanar friability.
Ci gaban melanoma zai iya jawo samfurin nevus ko sauran launin fata akan fata, amma yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da ci gaban ci gaban da ba tare da wani magabata ba. Melanoma zai iya ci gaba a kowane ɓangare na fata, amma sau da yawa yana faruwa a babba a cikin mata da maza da kuma a kafafu cikin raunin dan Adam. Bayanin bayyanar melanoma a kan itatuwan dabino, kwanciya, kwanciya, a kan ƙwayar mucous membranes na ɓangaren kwakwalwa, madaidaici, farji, anus an bayyana. Mutane masu tsufa suna da wuya wajen bunkasa melanoma akan fatar fuskar. A cikin tsofaffi, halayen su na yau da kullum a wuyansa, a kan kai har ma da ma'aurata.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa wasu cututtuka na fata suna da irin wannan bayyanar da melanoma. Wadannan cututtuka sun hada da warts, seborrheic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma.
Maganar ƙarshen melanoma
Alamar ƙarshen melanoma sun hada da:
- zub da jini daga nevus da pigment spots, fata yi kuka a kan shafin su localization;
- ciwo a ci gaban melanoma.
Yaduwar melanoma tana da ƙyama, bayyanar cututtuka, ciki har da: ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin lymph, musamman ma a cikin tsararru da ƙuƙwalwa, bayyanar alamar marar launi da alamar fata a karkashin fata, babban asarar nauyi, launi mai launi (fata fata), ruguwar ƙura, ciwon kai.