Bayan an maye gurbin saccharin na farko (sugarcción) a 1879, rawar farko na "shahararren" ya zo ne kawai a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, lokacin da yawan sukari din sukari bai isa ba. Yanzu mu damu da aka ba da dama iri-iri iri iri, da na halitta da kuma roba. Zuwa ga zane-zane na halitta sun hada da: sorbitol, xylitol, stevia, fructose. Tsarinsu yana kama da tsarin sukari, suna dauke da adadin kuzari, jiki yana damu, yana ba mu makamashi. Cakuda kayan dadi sun hada da: saccharin, aspartame, cyclamate, sucrasite da acesulfame potassium. Wadannan maye gurbin ba su da jiki ta jiki, basu da darajar makamashi, kuma suna da tasiri masu yawa idan an yi amfani dasu sosai. Saboda haka kafin yanke shawara da maye gurbin sukari a cikin abincinka tare da mai zaki, kana bukatar ka fahimci duk wannan "zaki iri-iri."
Mafi yawancin masu kayan zaki shine fructose - an samo shi a cikin dukkan 'ya'yan itatuwa, berries, nectar na zuma, zuma, mai daɗi fiye da sucrose a cikin sau 1,7, kuma a lokaci guda ya ƙunshi na uku ƙasa da adadin kuzari. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin yin burodi, a lokacin da ake shirya jam da jam, an bada shawarar yin amfani dashi ga marasa lafiya masu fama da ciwon sukari. Amma, a tsakanin wadansu abubuwa, fructose yana da wani kyakkyawan halayen - yana ƙarfafa raguwa da barasa cikin jini, kuma yana taimakawa wajen cire shi. Daga cikin mummunan abubuwan dake amfani da fructose a cikin abincin abinci shine haɗarin ƙwayar cututtukan zuciya.
Irin wannan mai dadi, irin su xylitol, wanda aka yi amfani da masana'antun kayan shafawa da wasu hakori, ana samo shi daga masarar masara da kuma nau'in auduga. Abubuwan da ke cikin adadin kuzari da kuma yawan zafin jiki daidai yake da sukari, amma a cikin manyan allurai zai iya nuna kansa a matsayin mai karfi.
Stevia, wannan canza gurbi na halitta, ba kawai sau 25 ne kawai ya fi shi ba, amma kuma yana da amfani ga lafiyar jiki. Za a iya sanya shi lafiya a kowane tasa, inda ake sa yawan sukari - in shayi, kofi, yogurts, confectionery. Ba wai kawai kawai ba mai guba ba, amma tare da amfani mai tsawo ya rage yawan glucose na jini, yana shafar ƙwayar cuta da hanta, yana taimakawa wajen kawar da rashin lafiyar yara a cikin yara, inganta barci, ƙara haɓaka mutum - ta jiki da tunani.
Na karshe a jere na halitta zane-zane ne sorbitol, wanda yake da yawa a apples, apricots da dutse ash. Amma dandano yana da kasa fiye da sukari sau uku, yayin da caloric abun ciki ya wuce sukari sukari da 53% (ba kamar sauran kayan zaki) ba, ko da yake an yi amfani da ita azaman mai kiyayewa ga juices da abin sha mai laushi kuma ana bada shawarar don amfani da abinci mai ciwon sukari. Lokacin amfani da sorbitol a cikin jiki, amfani da bitamin ragewa, microflora na gastrointestinal fili inganta. A cikin yanayin saukewar sorbitol, nakasa, magudi, da tashin hankali.
Gaba ɗaya, kamar yadda kake gani, ko da ma'adanai na halitta suna da nasarorin kansu. Mene ne yanayin da takwarorinsu na wucin gadi?
Saccharin, wanda ya kasance a cikin gwargwadon maye, ya fi sukari fiye da sau 300, kuma a lokaci guda ba jiki ba ne gaba daya. Bisa ga wasu masana, yana dauke da abubuwa masu rauni wanda zai iya haifar da ƙimar cholelithiasis. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin cin abinci ba a ciki, ba tare da daukar samfurori masu dauke da hydrocarbon ba kuma a cikin adadin da ya wuce 0.2 g kowace rana.
Aspartame, wanda masana'antun kowane irin abin sha na "Light" jerin da kayan ado, yana a lokaci guda mafi haɗari a tsakanin maye gurbin. Bayan haka, lokacin da yawan zazzabi yana da digiri 30 kawai, zai fara fadawa cikin sarkar abubuwa, abin da formaldehyde carcinogenic ya rufe. A cikin rana zai iya ɗaukar fiye da 3.5 g.
Wani kayan ado mai banƙyama - cyclamate, an dakatar da shi don amfani a cikin EU da Amurka, amma yana da yawa a ƙasashen Rasha (ƙananan rawar da ake ciki a wannan ita ce rashin daraja). Cyclomate sauƙin narkewa a cikin ruwa, shine sau 30-50 sau da yawa fiye da sukari, kuma an dauke shi a dalilin rashin cin nasara. A cikin rana zai iya ɗaukar fiye da 0.8g.
Sukrasit, kodayake yana da kayan zaki, amma wani abu ne na maye gurbinsa, ba ya shiga carbahydrate metabolism, bai shafi tasirin sukari cikin jini ba. Idan aka yi amfani da ita, halayen fata zai yiwu. Ba a yarda da rana ba fiye da 0.7 g.
Kuma a karshe, irin wannan mai dadi kamar potassium acesulfame, kamar sauran kayan zaki mai banƙyama, ba a rage ta jiki ba, an cire shi da sauri, kuma sau 200 ya fi sukari fiye da sukari. A lokaci guda, an ba da shawarar sosai game da ciki, noma da yara. Yana rushe talauci, kuma yana rushe tsarin kwakwalwa. Sakamakon lafiyarsa bai wuce 1 g kowace rana ba.
Abun ciki da sukari da sukari - cutar ko amfani? Kodayake muna ƙoƙari mu sarrafa abin da muke ci a kowace rana, amma a cikin abincinmu, har zuwa wani lokaci, dukkanin wadannan matakan sugar sun zo mana a cikin kayayyakin da aka gama. Kowannensu yana da wasu sifofi masu kyau, amma ƙananan ba su da yawa. Don haka, idan ka yanke shawara don saka idanu da lafiyarka, don adadinka, da kuma rage kanka a cikin mai dadi ta maye gurbin sukari da maye gurbin - mafi kyau kada ka yi. Mafi yawan amfani da lafiyar ku, da kuma lafiyar ku, za a yi canji zuwa ga sassaka na halitta a cikin nau'i na 'ya'yan itatuwa,' ya'yan itatuwa da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu tsami. Kada ku "yaudari" jikin ku, ku kula da shi - kuma zai amsa muku da siffofin da ke da kyau.