A 1922, V.I. Vernadsky ya ci gaba da koyaswar labarun, wanda matsalar da ke tattare da wani kwayoyin halitta tare da wasu abubuwa masu sinadaran, wanda ke dauke da su a matsayin "alamu", an dauke su. Dangane da waɗannan abubuwa, masanin kimiyya ya hade mahimmanci ga tsarin rayuwa. Kuma Dr. G. Schroeder ya yi iƙirarin cewa: "Ma'adanai suna da mahimmanci a cikin abincin mutum fiye da bitamin ... Ana iya samar da bitamin da yawa cikin jiki, amma ba zai iya samar da wasu ma'adanai masu mahimmanci ba kuma ya cire wasu gubobi."
Rashin ci gaba da haɗari suna da hatsarin gaske
Yawancin yanayin ilimin halitta wanda ya haifar da rashi, wuce haddi ko rashin daidaituwa a jikin mutum, ana kiransa microelementosis. Nazarin ya nuna cewa kawai kashi 4 cikin dari na mutane ba su da wani hakki na magungunan ma'adinai, kuma waɗannan cututtuka sune tushen hanyar ko alama daga cututtukan da aka sani. Fiye da mutane miliyan 300 a duniya, alal misali, akwai ƙwayar iodine (musamman a wuraren rediyo). A lokaci guda kowane mutum na goma yana da mummunan tsari, yana haifar da raguwa a hankali.
A cikin jikin mutum, ana gano abubuwan da aka gano a cikin wasu kwayoyin halitta masu aiki, da enzymes, da bitamin, da hormones, da alade na numfashi, da dai sauransu. Kuma muhimmancin microelements yafi yawa a sakamakon sakamako na rayuwa.
Mafi muhimmanci a tsakanin muhimman
Irin wannan macronutrients ne calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium.
Ƙungiyar tsohuwar jiki ta ƙunshi kusan 1000 g na CALCIUM, yayin da 99% na an ajiye a cikin kwarangwal. Calcium yana samar da aikin al'ada na tsoka, tsoka, tsoka nama, fata, samuwar hakora, hakora hakora, hadewa a cikin tsarin tafiyar jini, hada-hadar salula, yana tallafawa homeostasis.
Sakamakon raunin ƙwayoyin calcium zai iya zama: ƙara yawan amfani da sakamakon damuwa, wucewa a jiki na magnesium, potassium, sodium, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, gubar. Ƙara yawan abubuwan da ke tattare da shi sun hada da ci gaba da cututtuka na tsarin jinƙai, rashin daidaituwa na hormonal. Bukatar yau da kullum ga jikin mutum mai girma a cikin allurar ƙasa shine 0.8-1.2 g.
Daga cikin 25 g na MAGNESIUM da ke cikin jiki, 50-60% an mayar da hankali ne cikin kasusuwa, kashi 1 cikin 100 a cikin ruwa mai kwakwalwa, sauran a jikin kwayoyin halitta. Magnesium yana cikin tsari na ƙin neuromuscular, yana ƙarfafa samuwar sunadarin proteins, acid nucleic acid, yana rage yawan jini, yana hana tarin plalet. Magnesium dauke da enzymes da ions magnesium tabbatar da tabbatar da makamashi da matakai na filastik a cikin jiki mai juyayi. Matsayin magnesium yana rinjayar tsari na lipid metabolism. Rashin sa yana sa rashin barci, canjin yanayi, rauni na tsoka, ƙuƙwalwa, tachycardia, ƙara haɗarin kututtuka. Bukatar magnesium shine 0.3-0.5 g kowace rana.
Mafi yawa daga cikin ZINC suna samuwa a cikin fata, gashi, tsoka, jini. An yi amfani da shi don haɗin sunadaran, ya shiga cikin tafiyar da sassan kwayoyin halitta da rarrabewa, tsari na rigakafi, aikin insulin aiki, hematopoiesis, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da matakai. Zinc yana da ikon kare jigon maganin endothelium daga atherosclerosis da incherosclerosis na cerebral. Canje-canje na shi za'a iya damuwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar manyan ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe. Sakamakon rashi na zinc zai iya zama ƙara yawan amfani a lokacin maidawa na mai haƙuri. A yau da kullum bukatu na girma a zinc ne mai kashi na 10-15 MG.
COPPER ya ƙunshi da yawa bitamin, hormones, enzymes, alamar respiratory pigments. Wannan kashi yana da hannu a cikin tsarin metabolism, a cikin aiwatar da numfashi na nama. Copper yana da alhakin ƙurar ganuwar jini, tsarin kasusuwa da guringuntsi, yana cikin ɓangaren jijiyoyin na jijiyoyi, aiki akan carbohydrate metabolism - accelerates da oxidation na glucose kuma ya hana ragowar glycogen a cikin hanta. Rashin ƙarfin jan ƙarfe yana nuna a cikin cin zarafi na lipid metabolism, wanda hakan ya sa accelerates ci gaba da atherosclerosis. Rushewar girma, anemia, dermatosis, graying, asarar nauyi, ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zuciya na jiki ne na rashin ƙarfin jan ƙarfe, wanda ake bukata ya kai 2-5 MG kowace rana.
Ƙungiyar tsohuwar jiki ta ƙunshi kimanin 3-5 na IRON, wanda ke da alaka da canja wurin oxygen, hanyoyin samar da makamashi na oxyidative, da ƙwayar cholesterol metabolism, yana samar da ayyuka marasa lafiya. Ƙananan rashi na baƙin ƙarfe yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ayyukan enzymes, sunadarai-masu karɓa, wanda ya haɗa da wannan ɓangaren, cin zarafin samar da na'ura mai kwakwalwa, myelin. Gaba ɗaya, rashin ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jiki yana taimakawa wajen kara yawan ƙwayoyin mota mai guba a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. A yau da kullum bukatu na girma ne 15 MG da baƙin ƙarfe.
ALUMINUM yana da alhakin ci gaba da sake farfadowa na haɗin kai, kayan aiki da ƙashi, kuma an kira shi don tasiri yadda tasirin gwal da enzymes suke.
MARGANETS yana cikin dukkan kwayoyin halitta da gabobin, yana da alhakin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, yana shafar ci gaba da kwarangwal, yana iya shiga cikin amsawar rigakafi, tsarin sutura na nama, ya tsara matakan glucose na jini. A yau da kullum da ake bukata domin manganese ne 2-7 MG.
Cobalt shine bangaren bitamin B12. Ayyukanta shine motsawa na hematopoiesis, sa hannu cikin jerin sunadarin sunadarai da kuma kula da carabhydrate metabolism.
Kusan dukkanin mahaifa a cikin jikin mu yana mai da hankali ga ƙasusuwan da hakora. Tare da karawa mai zurfi na fluoride a cikin ruwan sha har zuwa 1-1.5 MG / l, hadarin haɓaka caries yana raguwa, kuma yawancin maganganu na 2-3 mg / l zai iya ci gaba. Yin amfani da fluoride cikin jikin mutum a cikin adadin 1.5-4 MG a kowace rana yana dauke da al'ada.
SELEN yana cikin wasu enzymes da suke cikin ɓangaren tsarin antioxidant na sel. Rashin rinjayar musayar sunadarai, lipids da carbohydrates, zai iya rage jinkirin tsufa, kare kariya daga ƙananan ƙarfe. Tsararren ƙaddarar da selenium a cikin kwakwalwar ido yana nuna saɓo cikin halayen hoto na hasken haske.
Cututtuka na "tara", cututtuka na rashin lafiya
Tare da tsufa, yawancin ƙwayoyin microelements (aluminum, chlorine, gubar, fluorine, nickel) a jiki yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana nuna kanta a cikin cututtukan "jari" - ci gaba da cutar Alzheimer, cutar Parkinson, amyotrophic laral sclerosis.
Rashin ƙididdiga ko yawancin macro-, microelements a zamaninmu yawanci ne saboda yanayin abinci, wanda aka tsarkake, sarrafawa da kayan kwalliya, sun tsarkaka da kuma shayar da ruwa mai tsabta. Ya kamata a kara wannan barazanar shan barasa. Dama, jiki ko kuma tunanin, yana iya haifar da ragowar macro da microele.
Micronutrients kuma yana haifar da yin amfani da ƙwayoyin magungunan ƙwayoyi:
- Diuretics iya haifar da rashi na potassium, magnesium, alli, wuce haddi sodium;
- Antacids, Citramon yana dauke da aluminum, wanda, tarawa, yana taimakawa ga cigaban cututtuka na cerebrovascular da osteomalacia;
- Kwayoyin cuta, magungunan antiarrhythmic sun haifar da rashin daidaituwa ta jan karfe tare da yiwuwar yiwuwar cututtukan arthritis da arthrosis.
Yin amfani da raunin microelements a cikin jikin mutum a magani na asibiti har yanzu yana iyakance. A lura da wasu nau'o'in anemia, baƙin ƙarfe, cobalt, jan ƙarfe, kayan aikin manganese an yi amfani dasu sosai. Kamar yadda kwayoyi, magungunan bromine da aidin suna amfani da su. Don maganin cututtukan cututtuka na tsarin tausayi, ana amfani da kwayoyi neuroprotective, wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci (taimakawa wajen yin amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyi da sabunta ayyukan aiki mara kyau).
Muhimmanci! Microelements suna cikin ɓangare na ilimin likitanci da magunguna tare da bitamin, karin kayan abinci. Amma cinikin da ba tare da dadi ba zai iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa ta micronutrient, wanda yanzu likitoci sun tsorata.