Iodine rashi
Yau a duniya fiye da mutane biliyan 1.5 suna rayuwa a cikin yanayin rashin amincin Idin. Miliyan 655 suna da goiter. Miliyan 43 - raunin hankali na tunanin mutum saboda rashin karancin iodine. Matsalar rashin ƙarfi na iodine ba shakka yana da mahimmanci a gare mu. Mun kusan a ko'ina suna da rashin asdidin kasa a cikin kasa da ruwa. Bai isa ba a abinci na gari. Akwai yaduwar goiter da yawa, wadda ta zama shekaru masu yawa da aka ɗauke da asalin abin da ya faru na rashin asalin iodine. Binciken kimiyya da aka gudanar a yawancin kasashe na Commonwealth, ya tabbatar da yawan yawan rashin amincin Idine na matsananciyar matsakaici.
Idsine rashi yana da mummunan tasiri a kan lafiyar mutane. Yara, matasa, masu juna biyu da masu lactating mata suna da alaƙa sosai. Cututtuka saboda rashin iodine ba wai kawai rushe tsarin da aikin glandar thyroid ba. Amma kuma suna iya haifar da keta hakkokin aiki na jima'i, da samuwar yanayin ci gaba, da ci gaban mace da mace da mace, da karuwa mai yawa a cikin ilimin ilimi da fasaha na dukan al'ummomi. Tambayar ta taso - me yasa a jikin mutum zai iya ganin rashin lafiyar iodine? Babban dalili shi ne rashin wadataccen samarwa saboda matsalar rashin abinci a cikin abinci da ruwa. Amma akwai wasu dalilai:
• cin zarafi na iodine a cikin ƙwayar gastrointestinal;
• cin zarafi game da hanyoyin maganin maganin iodine ta glandon thyroid, cututtukan kwayoyin halitta a cikin biosynthesis na hormones thyroid;
• Dama a cikin yanayi da kayayyakin abinci na wasu ƙwayoyin microelements. Musamman mahimmanci shine rashin selenium, zinc, bromine, jan karfe, cobalt, molybdenum. Kuma kuma wani wuce haddi na alli, fluorine, chromium, manganese;
• kasancewa a cikin yanayi na abubuwan "zobogenic" wanda zai iya shafar yanayin glandon thyroid.
Ka yi tunanin wannan! Abin da ke ciki na iodine a jikin mutum a mafi yawan yankuna na ƙasashenmu bai wuce 15-20 MG ba. A halin yanzu, yau da kullum ana bukatar shi daga 100 zuwa 200 μg. Duk da haka, musamman overeat aidin-dauke da abinci da kuma daukar aidin-dauke da magunguna kuma ba daraja shi. Rashin isin din din din din yana da hatsari kamar rauninsa. Amfani da wuce haddi shine 1000 kuma mafi mcg / day.
Sakamakon asalin iodine ga lafiyar mutum
Babban dalilin cututtuka saboda rashin karanin iodine ba shi da isasshen abincin maiininin daga yanayin cikin jikin mutum da dabba. Iodine abu mai mahimmanci ne ga mutane. Yana da wani nau'i na wajibi ne na kwayoyin karamar thyroid - thyroxine da triiodothyronine. Daga abinci zuwa gastrointestinal tract, iodine ya zo a cikin nau'i na Organic iodide, wanda, tare da jini, shiga cikin daban-daban gabobin da kuma kyallen takarda da kuma tara a cikin thyroid gland shine. Anan, har zuwa 80% na iodine da ke cikin jiki an mayar da hankali. Kowace rana, thyroid gland shine ɓoye 90-110 μg na thyroxine hormone da 5-10 μg na triiodothyronine. Wadannan hormones sun shiga cikin matakai masu yawa wadanda suka tabbatar da muhimmancin aikin jiki. Sun kuma ba ka damar yin amfani da sauri don yin amfani da ƙwayar iodinin daga yanayin. Amma tare da rashin daidaituwa na iodine akwai nauyin haɓaka hanyoyin haɓakawa, kira na hormones ragewa da kuma daban-daban pathologies ci gaba a cikin jiki.
Wani muhimmin gudummawar da aka samu wajen samar da jihohin iodine yana haifar da raunin selenium a jiki. Har ila yau, ƙwayar Selenium ne a cikin kasa, saboda haka a cikin abinci na halitta. An tabbatar da cewa lokacin da haɗin aidin din din din da dinnium din ke haifar da rashin daidaito. Akwai damuwa da hypothyroidism. Bugu da kari, da rashi na selenium tsokani necrotic, fibrotic canje-canje a cikin thyroid gland shine.
Ci gaba na goiter kuma an shayar da wasu magunguna: sulfonamides, yawan maganin rigakafi. Kuma shuke-shuke na iyali cruciferous: rawaya yellowips, kabeji tsaba, masara, bamboo harbe, mai dadi dankali da sauransu. Flavonoids sune mahaɗar marubuta da aka samu a yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, hatsi: gero, wake, kirki. Magungunan Phenol, an yi amfani dashi a cikin noma kamar kwari da herbicides. Abubuwa masu guba da ke ɗauke da hayaki sigari, tsagewa daga masana'antun kwalba.
A cikin yanayin rashin amincin Idine, samar da babban maganin thyroid na thyroxin da triiodothyronine ragewa. Bugu da ƙari, an kunna mugunta na hormone thyrotropic, aikinsa shine don tada kwayar halitta daga ainihin kwayoyin hormones. Wuce hadarin thyroid-stimulating hormone take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a cikin thyroid gland shine yake. A sakamakon haka, an kafa goiter, wanda shekaru da yawa aka dauka a matsayin asibiti mai kama da ƙananan iodine. Kamar yadda kake gani, sakamakon rashin rashin lafiya na Idinine ga lafiyar mutum yana da bakin ciki.
Matakan da za su hana yaduwar rashi
Bisa ga yawan mummunan cututtukan da cututtukan iodine suke ciki da kuma mummunan tasiri akan lafiyar su, musamman yara, matasa da mata masu juna biyu, an yi amfani da duniyar duniya tare da kawar da rashin rashin lafiyar iodine a duniya. A} asashe da dama, an tsara tsarin shirin na kawar da rashawa na iodine. Dalili akan wannan dabarun, samar da yaduwar kwayoyin halitta, yana dogara ne akan abubuwan da aka sani game da sakamako mai kyau na gishiri mai saurin. Kwamitin Kasa na Duniya kan Nazarin rashin lafiya na iodine ICCIDD ya bada shawarar wannan hanyar rigakafi ta zama mafi kyau.
Yin amfani da gishiri mai saurin shine babban ma'auni don rigakafin nauyin Idinin. Yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna samar da isasshen gishiri masu inganci wanda ya shiga cibiyar sadarwa. An yi amfani da gishiri gishiri a cikin gidajen jama'a da kuma samar da kayayyakin da aka gama: gurasa, tsiran alade, kayan ado. Aiwatar da aikace-aikacensa a cikin samar da abinci na baby ya fara.
Don saka idanu akan tasirin ayyukan da ke gudana, an tsara tsarin kula da lafiya da kula da lafiya. Sanitary da magungunan annoba suna lura da abubuwan da ke ciki na iodine a cikin gishiri a masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci, a kan wuraren ajiya, a cikin shagunan, a gidajen gine-gine, a makarantun sakandare da makarantu, da kuma a cikin likitoci da magunguna. Har ila yau ana kula da abun ciki na abincin abinci na mazauna.
Me ya sa gishiri mai yisti?
• Salt shine kadai ma'adinai wanda aka kara da abinci ba tare da magani na musamman ba;
• Gishiri yana amfani da dukkanin sassan al'umma ba tare da la'akari da matsayin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ba;
• Amfani da gishiri yana gudana a wuri mai zurfi (5-15 g kowace rana) kuma baya dogara akan kakar, shekaru, jima'i;
• Tare da fasaha na gyaran gishiri mai dacewa, ba zai yiwu a overdose Yamin da kuma haifar da wani rikitarwa;
• Gishiri mai yisti bai dace ba kuma yana samuwa ga dukan mutane.
Yadda za a adana da kuma amfani da gishiri mai sauƙi
• Gishiri gishiri yana riƙe da kayan magani ga watanni 3-4. Saboda haka, lokacin sayen gishiri, tabbas za ku dubi ranar da aka yi.
• Iodine yana cirewa daga gishiri idan an ajiye shi ba daidai ba (a cikin kwantena masu buɗewa, a matsanancin zafi). Yana nufin, a gida kunshin da gishiri ya kamata a zubar da shi a cikin kwalba tare da murfi mai yawa kuma ya sanya daga tukunya da kuma sinks. Idan gishiri yana cike da shi a lumps, yana da kyau, zai yiwu a yi amfani da shi. Amma wannan ba zai zama gishiri mai sauƙi ba, amma talakawa.
• Tare da dumama, har ma da tafasasshen kayan samfurin, iodine daga gishiri zai yalwata. Sabili da haka, gishiri da tasa tare da gishiri mai indized kafin yin hidima.
• Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da gishiri mai sauƙi a lokacin da ake yin cucumbers, kabeji, namomin kaza. Pickles iya ferment da saya mai m iyawa.
Mene ne sakamakon aikin da ke gudana don kawar da rashi na iodine? Sakamakon sa ido na kiwon lafiya ya nuna kyakkyawar mahimmanci na samar da maidin. Binciken ya dogara ne akan karatun daga 1999 zuwa 2007. A cikin yankuna inda aka yi amfani da gishiri na indized, kasancewar abubuwan da ake kira iodine sun karu da yawa daga 47 μg / l a 1999 zuwa 174 μg / l a 2007. Kuma wannan yana cikin layin tare da shawarwarin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya.
Potassium iodide
To, yaya game da "komai abu ne mai sauqi - na kiwon lafiya, tunani da girma"? A cewar masana, gishiri mai inganci 6 na gishiri yana dauke da bukatun salin yau da kullum. Saboda haka, yin amfani da shi yana warware matsalar. Duk da haka, ƙananan kamfanonin (yara, matasa, masu juna biyu da masu lalata) suna buƙatar ƙara yawan iodin. An karfafa su don bugu da kari sun cinye abinci mai yalwa. Kuma kuma shirye-shirye na potassium iodide. Potassium iodide kuma mai kyau ma'auni na hana Yadine rashi. Akwai shawarwari daga kungiyoyin gwani na WHO da UNICEF don amfani da potassium iodide ta hanyar daban-daban na yawan jama'a:
• Yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 2 - m 90 μg / rana; Daidaitaccen yadin nama - 180 mcg / day.
• Mata masu ciki - akalla 250 μg / rana; Yanayin amincin amincin mai yalwaci ya kasance 500 mcg / day.
• Mata masu shayarwa - akalla 250 mcg / day; Yanayin amincin amincin mai yalwaci ya kasance 500 mcg / day.
Duk da haka, kada ku dogara da gaskiyar cewa bayan shan potassium iodide ko yin amfani da abinci mai wadata, yara za su yi girma da sauri kuma su zama mafi kyau. Dukkan batun ba wai kawai a iodine ba. Idan yaro yana da matsala tare da ci gaba da halayyar mutumtaka, sai ya lalata takwarorinsa a ci gaba, kuma a cikin nazarin "babu taurari daga sama" - dole ne a yarda cewa: rashin rashin amincin nan a nan shi ne abin zargi ga mafi ƙanƙanci. Akwai wasu wasu dalilai mafi muhimmanci.
Yawan nauyin ƙwayar iodine yanzu za'a iya kiyasta shi ne kadan ko iyaka. Sabili da haka, ta yin amfani da shirye-shiryen rigakafin potassium (yana da kyau a tuntubi likita a gaba), baka buƙatar kariyar su da abubuwan gina jiki bitamin dauke da iodine. Ko kuma, a lokaci guda, ya dogara ga abinci mai gina jiki da iodine. Idan ana amfani da waɗannan samfurori ba bisa ka'ida ba, za a iya la'akari da su idan sun yi amfani da gishiri mai saurin. A lokaci guda, ana amfani da kayan samfurori masu arziki a iodine (sea Kale, kifi na teku, persimmon, qwai, walnuts) ba a dauki su a matsayin mafi kyawun hanya na rigakafi. Gaskiyar ita ce, abun ciki na aidin a cikinsu ya bambanta da yawa dangane da nau'o'in, yanayin yanayin namo da ajiya. Wato, ba shi yiwuwa a yi la'akari da yadda ruwan ininin ya zama cikin jiki.
Mun bincika cikakken bayani game da raunin ciwon nama, sakamakon lafiya na mutum, matakan rigakafi. Wadannan shawarwari masu amfani ne musamman ga mazauna manyan biranen da yankuna da yanayin yanayi na dysfunctional. Ga mazaunan yankuna sun gurɓata ta hanyar radiation kawai yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da gishiri mai yalwa, potassium iodide da kayayyakin da ke da alade da aidin.