A cikin jinsin Cineraria zaka iya ƙidaya zuwa nau'in jinsin iri 50 da ke cikin mahalarta. Suna cikin yawancin shuke-shuken herbaceous, amma akwai kuma rabi-shrubs. Sakamakonsu yana cikin yankuna na Afirka, har ma a Canary Islands da Madagascar. Wannan jinsin yana kusa da wani nau'i - Senecia, wanda ya haɗa da nau'ikan shuke-shuke da dama daga layin Cineraria, wanda aka girma don dalilai na ado.
Iri
Don girma a gida, kawai irin nau'in shuka shine mafi yawancin lokuta ana amfani dashi - cineraria mai jini. Wani suna na wannan jinsin shine Cineraria Hybrid, Bloodthirsty Crest. Ƙasar ƙasar wannan jinsin ita ce Canary Islands. Cineraria hybrid wani tsire-tsire ne, mai tsayi, wanda tsayinsa ya kai 60 cm. Yana da karamin dabbar da ke da fuka. An tattara abubuwa masu yawa a cikin kwanduna da dama kuma suna da yawa daga launi.
Kula da shuka
Haskewa. Fure na cikin gida na cineraria matasan suna son haske, amma ba tare da hasken rana ba. Da yake magana game da gefen duniya, sun fi son bangarori na yamma da gabas. A gefen kudancin, shuka zai iya zafi kuma, idan har yanzu yana kudanci, lallai ya zama dole ya rufe shi daga hasken kai tsaye. A gefen arewacin, akasin haka, shuka bazai da isasshen haske don ciyayi. Amma idan akwai isasshen haske a arewacin, to, wannan zai zama mafi dacewa don amfanin gonarta, tun lokacin da ake ganin shuka a matsayin mai jin sanyi.
Temperatuur tsarin mulki. Dole ne a ba da karin hankali game da tsarin zafin jiki, amma hakan yana da sha'awa. Cineraria na Hybrid ba ya son zafi, don haka kiyaye shi a wuri mai sanyi. Sakamakon zafin jiki shine + 15C, amma bai kamata ya rage ƙasa da + 8C ba. Mai wuya ga shuka a zafin jiki a sama + 20 ° C.
Watering. Cineraria ya kamata a shayar da shi kullum. Idan dakin da aka dasa shi yana da sanyi, to sai watering ya kamata a hankali sosai, tun da zai yiwu a sake yin tsaftace ƙasa sosai. Ya kamata a kiyaye zafi na substrate a matsakaicin matsakaici, kauce wa yin bushewa ko fitar dashi. Ana buƙatar ruwa mai laushi, m, yawan zazzabi.
Humidity na iska. Cineraria matasan likes high zafi, ko da yake ba za a iya fesa. Don ƙasƙantar da hankali yana da kyau a yi amfani da masu amfani da iska, kuma za'a iya sanya shi a kan palle tare da yumɓun fadada.
Sake bugun. Sake haifuwa yana faruwa ne ta tsaba. Ya kamata a shuka su a lokuta daban-daban daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba. Idan kana buƙatar samun tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, to, ku shuka daga farkon hunturu zuwa tsakiyar bazara; don farkon flowering - Mayu, Yuni. Bayan shuka don flowering, ya kamata ya dauki watanni 8-9. Gilashin abin da ya kamata ya ƙunshi kwakwalwan ƙasa da humus, kuma kara yashi, dole a siffa cakuda. An ajiye akwati da tsaba a cikin daki da zafin jiki na + 20-22 ° C. Bayan da tsaba sun tashi, dole ne a nutse su cikin wannan cakuda, amma tare da ƙarin ƙasa na sod. Ana buƙatar leaf da humus ƙasa don sassa 4, humus - 2 sassa, da yashi daya sashi. An sanya akwati tare da harbe a cikin wani gine-ginen ko gine-gine don haka tsire-tsire ta saba amfani da ita don bude iska. Ya kamata ruwan ya zama kowace rana. Idan rana ta kasance rana, to, suna bukatar da za a fesa su da kuma pritenyat. Nan gaba sai su nutse cikin ƙasa mai sanyi. A cikin ƙasa, ya kamata ka ƙara 2 kilogiram na cin nama (kowace mita 1), sa'an nan kuma an shuka shuke-shuke da shi a kananan tukwane. Idan an fara shuka cineraria, to, tukwane ya zama mafi girma fiye da wadanda aka shuka a Yuli-Agusta. Ana sa 'ya'yan itace a cikin wani haske mai haske tare da zafin jiki na + 10-12C. Bayan bayyanar asalinsu, ana rage yawan zazzabi zuwa + 4-6C, kuma ɗakin yana ventilated. A karshen kaka, watering ya kamata a rage, amma ba a yarda ya bushe fita. A ƙarshen hunturu, za a ƙara ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa lambobin da suka gabata, yayin da ake yin amfani da abinci da kuma lokaci don samun iska. Bayan buds ya bayyana, ana ƙara yawan zazzabi, zuwa + 15-18 ° C. A shuka zai fure a farkon spring. Idan aka shuka shuka a watan Yuli-Agusta ko daga bisani, to, a watan Febrairu ba za a tasirin zafin jiki ba don jinkirta jinkirin wata daya.
Idan ana so, seedlings, waɗanda suka riga sun zama cikakke bayan da aka fara dasawa, ana shuka su a farkon rani a cikin wani sanyi mai sanyi, kuma a watan Satumba an dasa su a cikin tukunyar matsakaici da kuma sanya su a cikin wani gine-gine. Bayan farawar sanyi, ana kawo tukwane a cikin greenhouse. Irin wannan tsire-tsire za su yi fure a watan Janairu. A yawancin gonakin furen, wani lokaci ba a canza cineraria daga karami zuwa babban tukunya, an dasa su nan da nan cikin girman tukunyar da zasu fada a cikin shagon.
Don cin abinci yana da mahimmanci don samun abinci mai kyau na kasar gona. Saboda haka, yana da wajibi don a kai a kai ciyar da ma'adinai da takin mai magani. Ana yin wannan sau biyu ko sau uku a wata. Yana kai 0.25% -0.3% bayani na microfertilizers; a lokacin da ake ci gaba ana ƙarawa a kowane mako. Bayan fitowar buds, ana ciyar da cin abinci ne kawai ba tare da takin mai magani ba, amma har da kwayoyin, kara da taki shine sau ɗaya, sau ɗaya a mako.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu
Girman wadannan furanni a cikin ɗakin, yana da matukar wuya a kiyaye dukan yanayin da ake buƙatar wannan shuka. Abin da ya sa sau da yawa cineraria ya mutu lokacin da girma a cikin daki.
Idan shuka blooms mugun, to, watakila wannan shi ne saboda da yawa high zazzabi da kuma rashin watering. Tsarin yana iya rasa haske.
Ƙananan za su iya juya launin rawaya kuma har ma sun fara fade idan an rufe shuka kuma bai isa ba.
A shuka za a iya shafi aphids, powdery mildew. Kariya ga aphids na amfani da 0.1% pyrimore, da kuma dew - 0.15% karatun, 0.02% dutse harsashi ko 2% shirye-shiryen sabulu-sabulu.
Har ila yau, injin zai iya shawo kan kamuwa da cuta, alal misali, phytophthora.