Kwayoyin cututtukan cututtuka na numfashi na iya haifar da lafiyar yaro. Bugu da ƙari, zai iya kasancewa wata cuta mai zaman kanta da kuma ɓangaren ɓangaren al'amuran tsarin ilimin polysystemic. Dole ne a bambanta wadannan yanayi daga nau'in sanyi da tari wanda yakan faru a lokacin yaro. Kwayoyin cututtuka na cutar numfashi na kullum sun hada da:
- tari ko tayarwa;
- Ƙanancin numfashi da rashin haƙuri ga aikin jiki;
- nau'in halitta na kirji;
- cyanosis - cyanotic riƙewa da lebe (na iya nuna ƙananan oxygen a cikin jini);
- ƙusar da ƙananan yatsun yatsun kafa da kuma canza kusoshi ta hanyar "gilashin kallon" (na iya zama wata alama ce ta kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani);
- lag a ci gaba (idan ci gaban yaron bai cika ka'idodi ba, kana buƙatar bincika dalilin).
Wasu yara ba su da nakasar rashin lafiya ta jiki saboda yanayin da suka biyo baya:
Cututtuka neuromuscular
Duk wanda ke fama da mummunan ƙwayoyin cuta ko kuma lalacewar kasusuwa, musamman ma scoliosis (curvature na kashin baya), ƙara yawan hadarin hypo-ventilation daga cikin huhu, rashin cin hanci akan tsarkakewa daga kamuwa da cuta da rashin ciwo na numfashi. Don kula da aikin na numfashi, kulawa mai kyau da kuma kula da lafiyar jiki na wajibi ne.
Immunficiency
Bayyanawa ga cututtuka na iya haɗawa da alamun alamu na yau da kullum. Lokacin da rigakafi ya raunana, yawan cututtuka masu tsanani suna haifar da microbes. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ana buƙatar jarrabawar tsarin rigakafi.
Idan babu amsa ga sababbin hanyoyin kiwon lafiya, likita ya kamata yayi nazarin tarihin lafiyar yaro da cikakken cikakken bincike. Dangane da tarihin tarihin wani yaro, ana bin waɗannan hanyoyin bincike:
- auna ma'auni da nauyin yaro;
- X-ray;
- nazarin tsarin rigakafi;
- gwaje-gwaje don cystic fibrosis, wanda akwai rashin cin zarafi na aikin da ake ciki a kan jikin sel wanda ke dauke da suturar jiki (wanda ke haifar da matsin lamba);
- gwaje-gwaje don gano gurbin gastroesophageal;
- gwaje-gwaje don rashin lafiyan;
- gwajin tuberculin.
Mafi sanadin cututtuka a kan sashin jiki na yara a cikin yara shine ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa. Haka kuma cutar tana shafar kimanin 11-15% na yara kuma yana haifar da kumburi da kuma kwasfa na hanyoyi, wanda ya rage iyakar iska a cikin huhu. Duk da haka, ba lallai ba yarinya ko tayar da ciki a cikin yaro yana nufin ciwon fuka. Yana da mahimmanci a rarraba fuka daga wasu yanayi. Wannan zai ba ka damar sanya izinin lafiya. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtuka na numfashi marasa lafiya shine manyan uku.
Gluwar daji na gastroesophageal
Glugurin katako na Gastroesophageal (GER) shi ne kullun abun ciki na ciki a cikin esophagus. Haske GER yana da yawa - yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na madara a jarirai. Babban GER zai iya haifar da mummunan illa a cikin layi na cigaba, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwannafi mai zafi da kuma lalacewa ta hanyar numfashi ta hanyar haɗuwa da abun ciki na ciki. Wannan cututtuka yana da mahimmanci a jarirai da yara na farkon shekarun rayuwa. Sakamakon ganewa yana dogara akan aunawa matakin acidity a ƙananan ɓangaren esophagus cikin sa'o'i 24. Yawancin lokaci, abun ciki da abun ciki na ciki ya kamata kada shiga cikin esophagus.
Bronchoectasia
Bronchoectasia shine farfadowa na ilimin sutura. Wannan yana nufin cewa a madadin raguwa da lumen na bronchi kamar yadda rassan ya fito, an kara girman karuwancin su a kan rashin ci gaba da kamuwa da cuta da kuma kumburi da ƙwayar jikin. Babban sanadin wannan yanayin shine muco-viscidosis - wata cuta wadda ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar hanzari ke haifar da ci gaban kamuwa da cuta. Wani dalili shine dyskinesia ciliary na farko. Saboda sakamakon rashin jin dadin jiki a kan farfajiya na kwayoyin da ke rufe mashi, wani kamuwa da cuta na yau da kullum yana faruwa, tun da ba a tsabtace huhu ba daga ɓoye na mucous. Sau da yawa ƙwayar dyskinesia ta tsakiya tana hade da wuri na baya na gabobin ciki, wanda hanta yake a cikin hagu na ciki, zuciya yana cikin hagu na ƙetare, da dai sauransu. Ka'idoji don ganewar asali sun hada da canje-canje a radiyo, nauyin yatsan yatsa da raguwa.
Inhalation na jiki waje
Rashin haɓaka da ƙananan jihohin yakan haifar da rashin ciwo na numfashi, amma wasu lokuta alamun bayyanar ba su da sanarwa. Musamman ma hadarin ƙwayoyin waje da ke shiga cikin suturar motsin rai sune yara na farkon shekarun rayuwa. Kwayoyin cututtuka sukan haifar da kwatsam. A kan roentgenogram mafi yawancin kungiya na waje ko alamu masu ƙira daga gefen ɓangaren huhu sun bayyana. Kwayoyin cututtuka na sashin jiki na numfashi suna hade da shan kashi na kyallen takalma na makogwaro da hanci.
Rashin ƙananan fili na respiratory
Yara suna da karuwa a tonsils da adenoids, wanda ya rage da shekaru. A lokuta masu tsanani, yaron zai iya shan wahala daga rashin isashshen oxygen da dare, wanda zai haifar da canji a cikin jini na huhu da kuma rashin cin zuciya. Kwayoyin cututtuka na wannan yanayin na iya ƙarawa da ƙarfi da kuma numfashi ta bakin.
Rhinitis da ƙumburi na nasopharynx
Bronchial asthma da bronchiectasis sukan kasance tare da ƙonewa na mucous membranes da kuma paranasal sinuses. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun hada da fitarwa daga hanci kuma wani lokacin tari saboda haɗuwa da ƙoshin ƙananan baya na pharynx. Akwai tabbacin cewa maganin wannan yanayin yana inganta aikin huhu.