Azaleas sune furanni masu kyau. Su yawan flowering fascinates. Ya faru ne saboda saboda furanni ba za ku iya ganin ganye ba. Sabili da haka, zuwa wurin kantin kayan ajiyar yanayi a yanayi mai kyau, yana da wuya a tsayayya da sayen su. Ta wannan azaleas ana ba da ita ga mutane da dama maimakon wani "mai mutuwa" bouquet. Bayan haka, azaleas yana daya daga cikin itatuwan shuke-shuke mafi kyau a cikin gida. A baya can, masana sun hana masu shuka furanni daga sayen furanni. Sun yi gargadin cewa za su mutu har yanzu, ba za su iya shuka su a gida ba. Amma yanzu masu shuka furanni-masoya sun koya ba kawai don bunkasa su a cikin yanayin gida ba, amma har ma don ninka. Kuma bayanan tambayoyi sukan tashi. Kuma ta yaya za a adana wannan mu'ujiza, wannan lokacin rani? Kuma menene amfani da azaleas a gida?
Abin mamaki!
Azaleas suna ado shrubs tare da kananan ganye da kyawawan furanni. Kowane furen furanni na tsawon kwanaki 20-30, kuma tsirrai yana samarwa har zuwa 80. Saboda haka, azalea furanni yawanci kusan 60 days. Buy a shuka wanda akwai mai yawa unblown buds - to, zai Bloom ya fi tsayi. Kuma idan shuka ta shigo tare da furanni masu furewa, za su daina bushe ba tare da kulawa da kyau ba, kuma injin zai yi sauri. A matsayin tukunyar tukunya, nau'i biyu suna rarraba su: Inda azaraa (Rhododendron Simsa) da kuma japan japona (rhododendron obtuse), wanda ke faruwa sau da yawa akai-akai. Za'a iya bambanta azabar Indiya ta hanyar pubescence a gefen ɓangaren ganye da furanni mai girma.
Amfanin azalea.
Amfani da azaleas yana bayyane. Kyakkyawar ƙarancinta ta haifar da yanayi, ta kawar da rashin lafiya da rashin lafiya. Haka kuma an lura cewa mutanen da ke girma azaleas sun fi fama da damuwa daga lokacin hunturu-hunturu. Kuma wannan ba hatsari bane! A wannan lokaci azaleas "fashe" tare da haske da kuma m buds, cika gidan da kyau. Babu buƙata a ce, houseplants taimaka tsaftace dakin da cika iska da freshness. Ba wani banda da furanni azaleas.
Kula da kiyayewa a gida.
Azalea yanayin al'adu mai laushi ne. Wannan yana da dadewa har yana zuwa har shekara ta gaba, dole ne a shayar da shi a kan bisan, kuma ba a cikin palle ba, kuma yawanci cewa kasar gona ba kawai rigar ba ne, amma cike da kulle. Dole ne a cire rumbun ruwa daga dutsen drip dole ne, in ba haka ba tushen zai ci gaba. Ruwa 1-2 sau a wata acidified tare da lemun tsami, ascorbic ko oxalic acid a cikin 0.3-0.4 g na acid da lita 1 na ruwa, amma kasar gona kafin a ruwa tare da wannan bayani ne pre-moistened. Ba zai yiwu a acidify ruwa ba sau da yawa, in ba haka ba zai zama mai juyayi tare da lokaci, kuma magungunan ganye na azaleas zasu juya launin-violet. Azaleas ana zuba tare da ruwan sama mai tsabta ko ruwan dusar ƙanƙara ko gurbin da ke tsaye. Sau da yawa a rana ana tsire tsire-tsire, amma a lokacin flowering ba zai yiwu a yi fure ba, tun da ruwan zai iya samuwa akan furanni, amma buds rot. Zai fi kyau a saka kwano kusa da ruwa ko kuma sanya fure a cikin gangar rigar a cikin tukunya mai zurfi.
Kusa da flower buds akwai kananan matakai. An cire su don kada buds su kai farmaki. Ana fyauce furanni mara kyau tare da pedicels. Sun ƙunshi azaleas a yanayin sanyi - sun fi dadi a zafin jiki na + 10-15 digiri. Yanayin yana da rana, amma a spring da lokacin rani dole ne a kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Mafi mahimmancin dalili na raguwa da fadowa ganye ba shi da isasshen ruwa. Kuna iya wanke tukunya tare da azalea - sau biyu a mako - a cikin akwati na ruwa har sai cikakken saturation. Wasu dalilai na iya kasancewa yawan iska mai zafi, zafi mai zafi da haske mai haske. Ganye zai iya juya launin rawaya idan kun yi amfani da ruwa mai ban ruwa don ban ruwa ko shuka shuka a cikin yumbu, ƙasa alkaline.
Kula bayan flowering.
Bayan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna sassaukarwa a fili, amma kwakwalwa masu tsada, ƙoƙarin kada su hallaka ƙasa. Matasan tsire-tsire suna canjawa kowace shekara, mafi yawan manya - a shekaru 2-3. Dauke pruning, cire rauni, fattening harbe kuma pinching saman na matasa harbe, stimulating su Branching. Harbe-tsalle tare da kayan ciyawa 3-4 sunyi tsutsa sau 2-3 har zuwa Yuni, lokacin da fararen flower buds na shekara ta gaba zata fara. Ciyar azalea sau 2-3 a wata bayan flowering har zuwa Agusta, ta amfani da takin mai magani na musamman don azaleas. Kuma a cikin lokacin budding akwai ba za su kasance superfluous saman dressing tare da superphosphate (15g da lita 10 na ruwa). Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don kiyaye azaleas bayan flowering: sanyi da dumi.
Yanayi na sanyi.
A cikin hunturu, ana kiyaye azaleas a zafin jiki na +5 - +6 digiri, kuma a lokacin da rana take ƙaruwa, a +12 - +15 digiri. A lokacin rani, azaleas ana ɗauke su zuwa baranda, pritenyayut, kare daga kayan aiki, ba su yarda da bushewa da ruwa mai laushi ba, wanda aka fesa da ruwa, kambi ya zama siffar mai siffar zobe. A lokacin kaka, lokacin da ya zama sanyi, ana kawo tsire-tsire a cikin ɗaki mai haske kuma an gudanar da shi a zazzabi na +10 - 15 digiri na 4-6 makonni. Sai dai kawai zaka iya ɗaukaka yawan zazzabi zuwa +18 - +20 digiri. Farkon iri zasu toyi bayan makonni 6. Idan marigayi iri sun yi fure a gaban Janairu 1, to, suna da furanni masu underdeveloped.
Yana da sauƙi don girma a cikin dumi.
Amma yana da matukar wuya a kula da irin wannan tsarin a cikin gidajenmu, saboda haka ana amfani dasu da dumi don kiyaye azalea. A farkon lokacin bazara, azaleas suna fallasa rana, yayin da ake yin haske a hasken rana kai tsaye (musamman ma tukunya), kuma ya ajiye har sai flowering. An dasa shuki a cikin safiya da yawa kuma a koyaushe ana yayyafa shi. A watan Mayu, fara shinge rassan, wanda ke gefen gefen fuskantar dakin, barin wadanda ke ba da kambi a gefe ɗaya, shinge mai rauni da tsirrai tsirrai. Young harbe suna pricked, barin 4-5 ganye a kansu. Ƙarin ƙarar daji, wanda ya fi raunana flowering - tuna wannan.
A watan Yuni, an kafa fure-fuki ne a cikin ƙarshen harbe. Tsarin tsire-tsire yana daina tsayawa, kuma sabbin furanni da suka bayyana a wannan lokaci sun yanke. Hakan ya juya a gefe ɗaya, tun da an bada shawarar kada ya juya shuka, kada ku canza matsayi, saboda an dasa furen a kan gefen haske na shuka a ƙarƙashin hasken haske. Za'a iya motsa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma su koma wani wuri. Duk da haka, bayan inji ya lalace, dole ne a mayar da shi zuwa matsayin da ya girma, yayin da aka kafa shi.
Sake haifar da cuttings.
Samar da azalea tare da taimakon cuttings. Cuttings wannan shuka ana yanka ne kawai bayan flowering. Amma tuna, fattening harbe ba kyau ga wannan. Ana yanka katako a tsawon mita 5-6. Kafin dasa shuki, don ingantawa, an ajiye su a cikin wani bayani na acid succinic (100 MG / l ruwa) ko heteroauxin (100 MG / l) na awa 24.
Kafin dasa shuki, tukunya don azalea ya cika da wani substrate (cakuda na musamman don azaleas ko raunana baƙi). Sa'an nan kuma, kafin yin wanka da ƙasa, shi "daga zuciya" shayar. An dasa shuki a zurfin 2-3 cm, an rufe shi da nau'in polyethylene a saman, wanda aka gyara a cikin tukunya. Sanya tukwane da cuttings a kan yamma ko kudancin taga. Kuma kada ku manta da ku sha ruwa a kai a kai kuma ku yada su. Wannan gaskiya ne a gida. Dogaro da cuttings sau biyu a mako ya kamata a yi ventilated ba tare da kasa. Don wannan ya isa ya cire jakar cellophane daga tukunyar tukunya don ɗan gajeren lokaci. Idan duk abin da aka aikata daidai, ya kamata mu sa ran tsayar da cuttings a cikin watanni 1-1.5 a tsarin zazzabi na 20-25 digiri. Kafaffen da aka tsayar a mako guda kafin dasawa zuwa cikin mazaunin dindindin "saba" zuwa busassun iska na ɗakunanmu. Na farko, an bude littafin jakar cellophane don 2-3 hours, kuma bayan bayanan kaɗan, an kawar da hardening. An riga an tayar da ƙananan cututtuka zuwa wuri mai dindindin kuma an sake rufe shi da fim don 1-2 makonni, saboda haka sun fi karfi.
Dabbobi iri-iri.
Akwai nau'o'in azaleas da yawa. A wasu lokuta basu kasance kamar juna ba cewa wani mai tsabta ba tare da fahimta ba zai iya yarda da cewa wadannan tsire-tsire iri iri ne. Musamman girmamawa ga azaleas suna a Japan, inda aka kiyasta su da kayan fasaha. Ga wasu iri da suke cikin mu.
- Erica Sander. Wannan shi ne matsakaici-farkon iri-iri. Tsire-tsire yana girma, ganye yana da duhu mai duhu, mai baƙar fata. Fure daga watan Nuwamba zuwa Maris. Furen da aka bude suna kama da furanni mai launin furanni mai mahogany.
- Erie. Farawa na farko. Ganye shine sako-sako da, high, leaf yana da duhu, baƙi, furanni suna ruwan hoda, tare da speckles.
- Snowflake. Medium-farkon iri-iri. Ganye yana da ƙananan, fure daga Fabrairu zuwa Furen Furen Filato, 3-5 guda a iyakar harbe.
A cikin yanayin ɗakunan, wadannan iri suna girma da kyau: iri na farko (Bloom a watan Oktoba-Disamba) - Helmut Vogel tare da furanni mai launin fure-fure (baya buƙatar ƙananan zafin jiki kafin flowering); Ambrosian - jan, Paul Sheme - tare da furanni-ruwan hoda da sauransu; tsakiyar marigayi - Pink Pink Pearl, tubali-ja Elsa Kerger da sauransu.
Yana da wuya a tsayayya da girma da kyau azaleas a gida. Zai yiwu, a farkon, ba duk abin da zai fita ba. Amma idan kun nuna hakuri da hakuri, gidan ku zai zama lambun aljanna mai ni'ima.