Raspberries suna da wuri na musamman a cikin gonar amfanin gona, domin ba kawai wani abu mai dadi ba ne, amma har ma yana da magani mafi kyau ga cututtuka masu yawa. Amma ta yaya za a shuka da kula da raspberries, don haka ya kawo girbi mai kyau?
Za ka iya shuka raspberries a kaka, bazara da kuma lokacin rani. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a shuka amfanin gona da kuma datsa tsire-tsire masu shuka.
Hanyar amfanin gona mai girbi
Zaka iya dasa raspberries a raguna da rami. Zai fi kyau a zabi yanki, ko da yake wannan ya fi wuya, amma duk da haka ana bada dukkanin ƙasa tare da kayan abinci, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa ya fi kyau.
Yana da shawara don shirya trenches don 20-25 days kafin saukowa daga cikin tsofaffi.
Kafin dasa shuki rasberi seedlings, yana da daraja cire perennial weeds daga ƙasa. Za'a horar da layuka kuma zazzage. Don rage yawan weeds, zamu iya rufe su da wani abu, alal misali, linoleum.
Shafukan da kuka sanya don raspberries, kuna buƙatar rarraba pikinik. Sa'an nan kuma, a kan igiya, wajibi ne a kaddamar da rami mai zurfi 50 cm tare da kusanci 40. Sabili da haka tono sama da wasu sassan cikin sashin da aka tsara.
A kasan ramin, ya zama dole don ƙara mai naman taki ko takin, kashin ya zama 10 cm, kuma an yi amfani da ma'adinai na ma'adinai daga superphosphate guda biyu a saman. Matsayi na uku shine biohumus, kamar yadda kake da shi.
Idan ƙasar da kake da ita kuma mai kyau, to, ba za ka iya yin wani abu ba don takin.
Lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings, zaka iya yin ba tare da toka ba. Amma yawanci ba shi da darajar karawa, domin mamma yana girma a cikin ƙasa mai rashin ƙarfi da kuma tsaka-tsaki. Ash kawai sa da berries more dadi, za ka iya amfani da ash da kuma bayan girbi a kan ƙasa.
Babu wani hali da zai iya amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen, suna da illa ga shuka.
Takaddun hatsi don wuri da ƙasa
Raspberries zasu iya girma amma ba a cikin wani wuri ba, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa zasu zama mummunar. Harbe za su kai ga rana. A cikin hunturu, buds a kan harbe za su mutu daga tsawo, don haka a cikin bazara za ka cire su duka guda.
Dole ne a ba Malina wani wuri mai haske, inda babu sanyi, iskar iska. Rasberi yana son kasar gona da ake kiyaye dumi kuma a lokaci guda mai kyau, mai tsabta da haske mai laushi. Za ku iya dasa raspberries a kan yashi na loam da yashi ƙasa, amma to kowace shekara kana buƙatar takin da kuma ruwa kullum.
Sau da yawa, an shuka shuka a kalla 1.8 m kuma a nesa da 0.7 m daga juna, idan akwai cewa akwai seedlings 2 cikin rami.
Zai fi kyau sanya su a nesa da 30 cm daga juna, saboda duk seedlings har yanzu ba su saba.
Lokacin da ya fi kyau shuka shuka
Don dasa tsire-tsire iri iri, kana buƙatar jira har sai sun zama tsawo na 15-20cm. Yawancin lokaci wannan ya faru ne lokacin da busasshen yanayi, a watan Mayu-Yuni. Duk da yake ba a san yara ba, kana buƙatar ruwa da su duk lokacin. Idan zuriyarku sun fi yadda suke, to sai ku yanke su zuwa tsawon jiki. Saboda kawai tushen yana da muhimmanci ga dasa. Gwada su ne kawai idan a karkashin kasa akwai tushen fari, wanda ke ci gaba da girma.
A seedlings da kuka girma a cikin kwantena suna mafi kyau shuka a lokacin rani. Saboda haka za su sami lafiya kuma suyi tushe har sai hunturu.
Idan kun shuka seedlings a cikin bazara, to, za su dauki dogon lokaci, domin sun riga sun sami manyan ganye. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a yanke su a kasa.
Kada ka ji tsoron yin pruning, raspberries ne shrubs, daya tsere wanda kawai yana da daya kakar. Sabili da haka, ƙaddara yana da tasirin gaske a kan yadda za a fara amfani da raspberries.
A lokacin kaka yana da muhimmanci don shuka shuka lokacin da ya riga ya fara. Wannan zaka fahimta ta wuyan wuyansa - a can za ka ga kodan.
Ajiye ajiya na rasberi
A ƙarshen kaka raspberries mafi kyau ba za a dasa, ba zai da lokaci zuwa dauki tushe. Zai fi dacewa don adana seedlings kuma dasa su a cikin bazara. Don ajiye su, kana buƙatar sanya al'ada a cikin jakar polyethylene tare da rigar sawdust kuma bar shi bude.
Babban abu shi ne cewa shuka ya kamata ya kasance tushen asalin haske launin ruwan kasa, don haka zai samu nasarar overwinter.
Sa jakar raspberries a cikin ginshiki ko cellar - a wuri mai sanyi. Yawan zafin jiki bazai fi girma fiye da digiri 4 ba kuma babu wani jigon ruwa da ya kamata jigilar ba ta da tushe.
Selection of seedlings da kuma rasberi plantation
Don dasa shuki, zaɓi seedlings tare da harbe na matsakaici kauri, har ma da thinnest stalk ne mafi alhẽri daga lokacin farin ciki stalk. Sabili da haka, ba da fifiko ga ƙananan mai tushe da tushen sa mai kyau da kuma 1-3 mai tushe, wanda ya riga ya tsufa. Ba lallai ba ne kuyi amfani da kudade masu yawa na dasa shuki da yawa.
Yayin da kake kawo seedlings a gida, ya zama dole don rufe tsarin tushen tushen tare da tsummoki mai yatsa ko rag, kuma a gida a cikin gaggawa don yin su. Ba za ku iya samun tushen dogo a cikin iska ba.
Idan ka ci gaba da dasa kayan abu mai tsabta a cikin jaka na polyethylene na dogon lokaci, zai kara ingancin tsire-tsire, saboda tushen masu shuka sunyi rauni kuma sun zama launin ruwan kasa daga danshi.
Kafin dasa shuki shuka, yana da kyau a tsoma tushen tushen mullein da yumbu da abubuwa masu ilimin halitta (rootstones, phosphorobacterins, heteroauxin, humates da sauransu).
Saplings dole ne ba tare da ganye, suna bukatar a yanke. Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsire-tsire a maimakon 35 cm.
Dole ne a sauke takalmin a cikin furrow kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa mai kyau. Dole ne a girgiza tsire-tsire kadan, don haka duniya zata fada tsakanin tushen sa kuma danna su.
A lokacin da dasa shuki, tabbatar da kallon zurfin. Ba lallai ba ne a dasa shukar tsire-tsire sosai, ci gaban zai cigaba da bunkasa ko ma ya mutu. Har ila yau, kada mutum ya yarda karamin dasawa, saboda haka tushen zai bushe, wanda ya sa dukkanin tsire-tsire tare da danshi, kuma a cikin hunturu ana iya gishiri.
Bayan ka shuka da seedlings da ƙasa zaune, tabbatar cewa tushen rasberi wuyansa ne a matakin ƙasa surface.
Idan kafin ka fara shuka raspberries, ruwan sama mai yawa ya wuce kuma ƙasa ta zama sosai rigar, to, baza a shayar da shuka ba. Kawai ƙaddamar da ƙasa a kusa da seedlings.
Nan da nan a kusa da raspberries kana buƙatar yayyafa kayan lambu mai mahimmanci, shavings na itace ko peat.Idan zai kasance a cikin ƙasa, to ba za ta ƙafe ba, fiye da haka, za a yalwata ƙasa da kuma moisturized.
Tsarin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na kaka
Yanzu wajibi ne a lura da lokacin mafi muhimmanci lokacin dasa shuki a hurumi. Gidan zai shafe da kyau kawai idan kasar gona bata rigar rigar ba, kuma tushen da ya bayyana a cikin fall ba zai daskare ba. Yadda za a tabbatar da cewa basu mutu ba? Don kaucewa wannan, dole ne, tare da farkon sanyi, don rufe tushen kayan inganci tare da ganyayyaki ganye daga bishiyoyi. Kuna iya gina irin wannan tsari don ku iya rufe raspberries tare da polyethylene, don haka yana cikin gine-gine. Don haka za ku kirkiro tsari mai bushewa ga raspberries. Wadanda suke girma kananan tsire-tsire a gonar, zasu iya samun shi. Zai yiwu a karshen hunturu ko riga a cikin idon ruwa don cire mancloth mai tsaro.
Idan kana so ka shuka shuka da yawa a lokaci guda, to lallai ya dace ya yarda da mai sayarwa don saya su a cikin rani a cikin kwantena, don haka ba dole ka ƙirƙira wani abu don rufe shuka don hunturu ba.
Shafuka shafin
A cikin shekara ta farko yayin da kake sa tsire-tsire na raspberries, yawan hare-hare. Ka bar rasberi a wannan jiha ba shi da daraja, koda wasu 'yan seedlings sun fadi. Abin da ya sa ya dace a ƙarshen shekara ta farko a lokacin rani don gudanar da bincike akan shuka, don haka zaka iya cire waxannan tsire-tsire waɗanda ba suyi tushe ba, kuma a cikin fall za ka iya dasa sabon shuka a wannan wuri.
Idan kana da kananan rasberi da lunge karami ne, to, ba za ka iya jira har sai kaka da shuka raspberries tare da kore 'ya'yan a lokacin rani.
A cikin bazara, a lokacin da raspberries sun raunana kuma sababbin jinsi sun bayyana, dole ne a yanke tsohuwar kututture kuma hana sabon fruiting. Idan ka ki da berries a farkon shekara, seedlings zasuyi tushe da kyau kuma sabon harbe zai cigaba da sauran shekarun.
Idan gwanin da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, to, a farkon shekara raspberries ba za a iya takin ba kuma ba a ciyar da shi ba.
Bugu da ƙari, wannan hanyar gargajiya na dasa shuki raspberries, akwai kuma hanyar "na halitta" - raspberries suna girma akan itace. Wannan yana da amfani ƙwarai ga mai kula da lambu kuma yana da amfani ga shuka.