Hathiora wani nau'i ne na iyalin cacti. Nau'in yaaye 7 nau'in tsire-tsire iri iri a kudu maso Brazil. Yusufu Yusufu da Nathaniel Britton sun bayyana wannan jinsi a 1923. Kuma sunansa, shi ne yabon Thomas Charyote - ɗan littafin Ingilishi, wanda ya rayu a karni na 16. Sunan jigon kamannin shi ne misalin Thomas Chariote.
Tsire-tsire na tsinkayen jinsin suna da lithophytic da kuma epiphytic cacti da rabuwa mai tushe. Irin wannan cacti yana kama da jinsin Ripsalis, duk da haka, akwai bambance-bambance.
Kula da shuka.
Haskewa. Tsire-tsire na gida zai iya girma a cikin penumbra, amma yana da kyawawa don bunkasa su a cikin hasken haske mai haske, saboda rashin hasken zai shafi ci gaba da mai tushe - tsire-tsire za su yi girma sosai kuma a gefuna na mai tushe zai zama rawaya. Ana buƙatar hasken haske don tasiri da yawan furanni. Duk nau'i na hatiory yayi girma a kan tagogi da ke kallon yamma ko gabas. A kan gindin arewacin da aka yi a baya ba za a sami fure mai yawa ba. A kan taga dake gefen kudanci, kana buƙatar gina wurin ɓoye, musamman a tsakar rana.
Temperatuur tsarin mulki. A lokacin rani, waɗannan tsire-tsire na cikin gida za a iya kai su zuwa iska mai tsabta, cikin wuri ba tare da samun hasken rana ba. A lokacin rani, yana da kyau don kiyaye shuka a zafin jiki na 18-22 digiri. Da farko a cikin kaka, dole ne a kiyaye shuka a digiri 14-16, amma kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ba a kasa da digiri goma sha biyu ba.
Watering. A lokacin flowering, kazalika da lokacin rani, watering ya zama mai yawa. Don ban ruwa, ruwa mai laushi ya karɓa, zai fi dacewa dormant, shayar, kamar yadda saman ƙasa Layer ta kafe. Da farko na kaka har zuwa Maris, watering ya zama matsakaici. Idan an ajiye shuka a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi, to, sai a yi amfani da ruwa a hankali. Bayan da shuka ya ɓace, akwai lokacin hutawa, a lokacin da abincin yake ragewa. Ganye ba ya jure waccen ruwa na substrate ko bushewa, a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki na abun ciki, waɗannan abubuwan sune haɗari ga hasiory.
Humidity na iska. A lokacin rani, don samun nasarar ci gaba da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na hathor, ana ba da shawara don ƙara yawan iska. Don wannan, zaka iya amfani da pallet da raw peat ko pebbles. Sanya tukunya a kan pallet, amma kawai don haka bai taɓa ruwa ba. Dryness na iska yana kaiwa ga gaskiyar cewa buds fara crumble.
Top dressing. Ciyar da lokacin girma da kuma lokacin flowering ya kamata a gudanar da wani wata daya 2. Domin takin gargajiya, an dauki ma'adinai na ma'adinai ba tare da alli ba. Dole ne a yi amfani da takin mai magani a cikin rabin hanya, taki kuma ya kasance tare da nauyin nauyin irin wannan nau'i kamar nitrogen. Cacti ba za ta yi haɗari da nitrogen ba, kuma wannan yana iya fahimta, saboda daga cikin mahimmancin tushen tushen tushen farawa. Nitrogen a cikin taki ya kamata a game da 9, potassium - 24, phosphorus - 18. Dutsen gyare-gyare na sama yana tsayawa a lokacin da shuka ya fara hutawa.
Canji. Wannan nau'i na cactus an dasa shi ne kawai bayan flowering, ana daukar nau'in samfurori a kowace shekara 5, babba a kowace shekara 2 kamar yadda ake bukata, samfurori samfurori a kowace shekara.
Domin hathor ya ci gaba da kyau dole ne a dasa ta a cikin iska mai sauƙi da haske tare da pH = 5-6 - wani abu mai rauni sosai. Daidaita substrate: 6 sassa na deciduous ƙasar, 4 sassa humus, 2 sassa yashi da peat ƙasar, 1 part sod sodiya. Hathiora ke tsiro da kyau a cikin peat Organic ƙasa. Idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, to, flowering zai kasance mai rauni ko ma ba zai kasance ba.
Sake haifar da tsire-tsire .
Hathiora su ne tsire-tsire da suka haifa ta hanyar grafting da cutarwa. A cikin akwati na ƙarshe, ana gudanar da hanya nan da nan bayan flowering. Don yin wannan, an yanke katako daga tsire, wanda ya kamata a samu kashi biyu. Bayan yanke yanke dole ne a yayyafa shi da gawayi kuma aka bushe shi. An samo tushe a cikin ruwan magani mai tsami wanda ya ƙunshi nau'in peat da yashi.
Sake haifar da maganin alurar kamar haka: An dasa shuki a kan wani sashi mai launi. Zaka iya yin alurar riga kafi a cikin lokacin rani. Don yin wannan, a cikin perksia wajibi ne don cire ɓangaren filaye na sama tare da ganye, yayinda hagu na fallasa filaye a sama ya kamata a raba. Don kullun, yana da muhimmanci a yanke harbe tare da gabanin kashi 2-3, tofa tare da wani nau'i kuma saka shi a kan yanke daga cikin rootstock a cikin shinge. An sanya sutura tareda tsayi mai tsawo, wani allura, da kashin baya, kuma an nannade shi da filasta ko maɓalli. Ba lallai ba ne a rufe akwati tare da cuttings na rootstock, ana buƙatar yawan zafin jiki na 18-20 don fusion, sannan bayan makonni 2 ginin zai fara girma. Bayan haka, an cire bandin, an cire ganyayyaki da harbe waɗanda suke samar da su a ƙarƙashin sashi a cikin lokaci dace. Yawancin lokaci, tsire-tsire yana da kyau sosai.
Matsala masu wuya.
Ginin zai iya zama kamuwa da cututtuka na kwayan cuta da fungal. Kwayar cuta tana tare da lalacewar wani ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire da wuri mai dadi a wannan wuri, sa'annan sauran sassa sun fara juyawa. A wannan yanayin, kwayoyin cutar antibacterial bazai da tasiri. Idan za ta yiwu, ya kamata a cire sashin kamuwa da cutar. A wasu lokuta, har da magungunan kamuwa da tushe na tushe, yana yiwuwa a shuka sabon shuka, saboda wannan ya isa, a sama da tushe don karya gindin kuma dasa shi cikin ruwan magani mai tsami.
Yawancin lokaci irin wadannan cututtuka irin su phytophthora da fusariosis suna shafar shuka.
Kamuwa da cuta tare da fusariosis sau da yawa yakan faru ne ta hanyar raunuka da aka kafa akan farfajiyar ta hanyar kwari. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da masu fasikanci, wanda ya hada da kayan aiki na benomyl da chlorothalonil. Kafin amfani, karanta umarnin a hankali kuma bi shi a hankali.
Rashin kamuwa da phytophthora, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya faru ne ta hanyar gurbata ƙasa. Haka kuma cutar tana rinjayar mahimmancin wuyansa. Gidaccen tsire-tsire alama ce ta bayyanar cutar. A lokaci guda, kasar gona ta kasance m. Ƙarancin zai iya zama launin toka ko kodadde a launi. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da masu fashewa a kan cututtukan fungal.
Hatioru mamaki: whitefly, scutellum, gizo-gizo mite, mealybug.