Muhimmancin cutar koda yana ƙaddara ta hanyar abubuwan da ke faruwa:
• Kayan kaya ya zama na kowa kuma a wani lokacin wakiltar wani aikin bincike na ilimin likitanci don likitoci-likitoci, likitoci, masu rediyo da magunguna.
• Wasu nau'i, irin su cututtukan koda na polycystic da tsofaffi, shine babban dalili na hada da marasa lafiya a shirin shirin hemodialysis.
• Tsari zai iya zama mummunan ciwace ƙwayar cuta wanda suke da wuya a gane.
Makiyoyi masu sauki
Kyakkyawan ɗakuna ne guda ɗaya ko ƙwayoyin hanyoyi masu yawa dabam-dabam, daga 1 zuwa 10 cm a diamita. Hakanan yawancin shanu suna kewaye da shi da harsashi mai launin launin fata mai haske kuma yana cika da ruwa. A cikin koda, cysts yawanci suna da matsayi na jiki (a cikin ɓangaren bawo), ko da yake wani lokaci ana iya kasancewa a tsakiya (a cikin ƙananan). Tsinkaya a cikin kodan, a matsayin mai mulkin, bazai haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka kuma suna da yawa a cikin mutane da suka wuce shekaru 50. Tare da manyan nau'o'in cysts, ciwo a cikin yankin lumbar zai iya faruwa, amma irin wannan cysts yawanci ana gano shi ba zato ba tsammani a lokacin da yake nazarin kodan don wani pathology. An kwatanta lokutta na jini a cikin cysts, wanda likita ke jin kamar ciwo mai zafi a cikin gefe da lumbar. Gurasa na iya zama mai shelar mummunan ciwon gishiri na harsashi. Tare da multicystosis na al'ada da kodan, an haifi yaron tare da ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin da ba a aiki ba, wanda abu ya zama mai yawan kystes. Tare da lalacewa na raguwa, tayin yana cikin utero ba zai iya samar da fitsari ba, wanda ya haifar da ruwa mai yawa. Wannan yana haifar da lalacewa na tayin saboda karuwa da ƙwayar mahaifa. Halin irin wannan 'ya'yan itace ne wanda aka yi wa ƙwanƙwasa, hanci yana kwance, kunnuwa yana da ƙasa, kuma zurfin ƙasa yana karkashin idanu.
Koda Gyara
Magunguna tare da koda da yawa suna bada shawarar da ba daidai ba ne - cire cire koda. Ana gudanar da aikin ne idan akwai karuwa ko kamuwa da cutar cysts, da kuma hawan jini a cikin mai haƙuri.
Polycystic ne yanayin yanayin da ke cikin jiki. Akwai nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na cutar:
• lalacewa - an haifi yaro tare da babban kodan kuma ya mutu jimawa bayan haihuwa;
• ba a sani ba - an gano shi a farkon watanni na rayuwa;
• Yara - a cikin yara masu shekaru 3 zuwa 12, akwai gazawar ci gaba da gazawar koda. Sauran alamun sun hada da cutar hawan jini, ƙara hanta da kuma yalwata;
• Yarami - an gano cutar a farkon shekarun rayuwa;
• Adult - wannan yanayin yana tasowa a cikin masu tsufa masu karfin jini. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutum mai rashin lafiya ya gaji cutar daga ɗayan iyaye.
Mafi yawan kwayar cutar kwayar cuta a cikin tsofaffin koda a cikin tsofaffi shine maye gurbi a cikin chromosome na 16, wanda ke da alhakin samar da furotin polycystin. Wannan karshen yana da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin hulɗar intercellular. Hanyoyin cututtuka na ƙwayar polycystic sun hada da tsawa, zafi a yankin lumbar, hematuria (jini a cikin fitsari) da kuma hawan jini. Ana iya gano lalacewar koda cikin haɗari ko sakamakon sakamakon jarrabawa dangi na mai haƙuri.
Diagnostics
A mafi yawan marasa lafiya, an gano cutar a lokacin shekaru 30 zuwa 50. An rage yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar aiki a cikin kashi uku na marasa lafiya da kuma haifar da bukatun dialysis, kuma daga bisani - girbin koda.
Madafi bayyanar cututtuka
Ana iya haɗawa da polycystic tare da wasu sauran alamun cututtuka, wadanda sun hada, musamman:
• hauhawar jini (cutar hawan jini);
• Kamuwa da cuta na kodayake;
• anerysms (bulging of the wall) na kwakwalwa da sauran batu;
• Hernias da juyawa na hanji.
Jiyya
Marasa lafiya a kan maganin dialysis ko bayan dasawa na iya buƙatar cire ƙwayar kullun don ƙara hana jini, kamuwa da cuta da kuma ciwo.
Sauran cututtuka na koda sun hada da:
• Ciwo na Fanconi wani yanayi ne mai wuya, wanda ya zama babban nau'i na X-linked. Abubuwa da anemia, ƙwayar koda da rashin sodium a cikin jini.
• Kodaji mai kwakwalwa - karuwa mai yawa na tattara shambura. Ƙananan ɓangaren, duka ko ma duka kodan suna iya rinjayar. Wannan yanayi ko yanayin da aka samo shi ne sau da yawa tare da kututturen Wilms (mummunan ƙwayar koda a cikin yara), aniridia (ba tare da iris na ido) da kuma hemyhypertrophy (hypertrophy na tsokoki na rabi na jiki). Yawancin lokaci ana fama da cututtuka tare da ciwon urinary ci gaba, ƙaddamar da dutse da gazawar koda.
• Cutar Hippel-Lindau cuta ne mai tsanani na iyali tare da ci gaba da ciwon sukari na cerebellum, retina, spine, wani lokaci lokacin da ake ciki da kuma glandar da ke ciki a cikin mahallin cutar koda, wanda ke nuna rashin lafiya.
• Tsarin kullun na kodan suna haifar da lalata tsakiyar ɓangaren ƙwayar ciwon sukari tare da samuwar wani cyst ko, a wasu lokuta, mummunan mummunan karfin zuciya.