Kafin ciki
Idan kana da ciwon sukari, dole ne a shirya ciki. Fara sadarwa tare da masanin kimiyya na likita a kalla watanni shida kafin zuwanta da kuma kokarin cimma daidaitattun ladabi ga ciwon sukari.
Irin ciwon sukari da salon
Ciwon sukari mellitus yana ci gaba ne a sukari (glucose) a cikin jini da fitsari.
- Akwai nau'in ciwon sukari masu zuwa:
1. Ciwon sukari na farko shine insulin-dogara. Don wasu dalili, insulin cikin jiki ba a samuwa ta kanta, sakamakon haka, ba a sarrafa glucose. Matsanancin glucose a cikin jini da ake kira hypoglycemia, maɗaukaki - hyperglycemia. Lokacin da hyperglycemia ya zama wajibi don saka idanu akan kasancewar jikin ketone a cikin fitsari. Abinci mai kyau da daidaitattun aikin jiki, kulawa da yaduwar jini zai iya sa rayuwar mai haƙuri da irin ciwon sukari 1 kamar yadda ya kamata a al'ada.
2. Ciwon sukari na nau'i na biyu ba a hade da insulin. Yawancin lokaci yakan faru ne a cikin mutane fiye da shekaru 40 tare da nauyin jiki mai tsanani.
3. Ciwon sukari na Pancreatic. Tasowa a cikin wadanda ke fama da mummunan ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da alhaki a cikin jiki don maganin insulin.
4. Abin da ake kira ciwon sukari da ke cikin mata masu juna biyu, ko kuma masu ciwon sukari (HSD). Wannan shi ne cin zarafin carabhydrate metabolism, wanda ke faruwa ko an fara gane shi lokacin daukar ciki. Cikin rabin rabin lokuta, GDD yana wuce bayan haihuwar ba tare da wata alama ba, kuma a cikin rabin - tasowa zuwa ciwon sukari na 2.
Babban yanayin shi ne albashi na ciwon sukari da kuma rashin matsala mai tsanani (ciwon daji na asibiti, cututtukan zuciya, cututtuka da ciwon zuciya tare da sabbin kalmomi a kan asusun, etc.). Dangane da ladabi na ciwon sukari, yana da haɗari ga juna biyu: Tsarin jini zai iya hana jingina ta dace na gabobin ciki na ciki, wanda ya faru a farkon farkon shekaru uku. Bugu da ƙari, zubar da ciki zai iya faruwa. Ana bada shawarar yin cikakken bincike a likita: kamar kowane mace, ba zai yiwu ba ne a bincika cututtukan da aka zubar ta hanyar jima'i, tuntubi wani likitan ne, likitan zuciya (wannan ya zama dole don samun ciwon sukari fiye da shekaru 10), wanda zai kasance yana gwada tasoshin magunguna, tare da dalibin da aka haɗaka. Shin ultrasound na thyroid gland shine kuma ziyarci endocrinologist. Idan ya cancanta, ziyarci likitan nephrologist kuma je zuwa shawara a ofishin "Tsarin Ciwon Tsari". Dole ne a yi gwajin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:
♦ haemoglobin glycated;
♦ microalbuminuria (UIA);
♦ gwajin jini na gwaji;
♦ gwajin jini (Halittin, furotin duka, albumin, bilirubin, yawan cholesterol, triglycerides, ACT, ALT, glucose, acid uric);
♦ janar bincike na fitsari;
♦ Bincike na tsaftacewa na jinsin (Reberg ta gwaji);
♦ Neman bincike akan Nechiporenko;
♦ Tsarin Yara don tsararraki (idan ya cancanta);
♦ kimantawa na aikin thyroid (gwaje-gwajen TTG kyauta T4, AT zuwa TPO).
A lokacin daukar ciki
Raunuka a cikin mata da SD-1 na da halaye iri iri. Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari sun san matakan sukarin jini, amma basu sani ko da yaushe a lokacin daukar ciki, matakin sukari ya kasance da kyau a karkashin wannan al'ada. Dogaro ga mata masu juna biyu da ciwon sukari ya kamata su rika auna yawan glucose na jini a kowane lokaci - akalla sau 8 a rana. A farkon farkon watanni na ciki, hawan hypoglycemia zai yiwu: haɗarin kara matsa lamba a cikin uwarsa, cin zarafin jini a cikin tasoshin ƙwayar cuta da tayin, hakkoki na zuciya a cikin mahaifi da cikin tayin, fetur hypoxia. Mace na iya rasa fahimta har ma ya fada cikin haɗuwa. Alamun hypoglycemia: ciwon kai, damuwa, yunwa, hangen nesa, damuwa, damuwa, suma, rawar jiki, damuwa, rikicewa. Idan ka fuskanci wani daga cikin sama, ya kamata ka duba jini sugar. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, kana buƙatar dakatar da wani aiki na jiki, dauki carbohydrates mai sauri-digestible (12 grams ne ruwan 'ya'yan itace 100 ko soda mai dadi, ko sassan 2, ko teburin 1, cokali na zuma). Bayan wannan, dole ne ku ci gwargwadon carbohydrates mai narkewa (12-24 g - gurasa, gilashin yogurt, apple). Kyakkyawan sukari a cikin jinin mahaifiyar na iya haifar da ci gaba da maganin nakasa, irin su ciwon sukari. Zai iya zama da sauri ko jinkirin girma na tayin, polyhydramnios, busawa da kyallen kyakyawa. Mai jariri zai iya fama da rashin lafiyar jiki da nakasa, hypoglycemia. Hanyoyin jini mai tasowa zai iya "haifar da" yaron kuma daga baya endocrin ko ciwon daji a lokacin yaro. Don kauce wa irin wannan sakamako, lokacin tsarawar ciki da kowane watanni 9 na jiran, kasancewa tare da likita. Tare da ƙara yawan jini, ya kamata ka soke duk wani aiki na jiki da kuma bincika fitsari don jikin ketone (za'a iya yin wannan ta amfani da tube gwajin da aka sayar a kantin magani), sa'an nan kuma yi amfani da shawarwarin da likitanku-endocrinologist ke yi a cikin glycemia. Ka dirar inda kake rikodin ma'aunin sukari, adadin carbohydrates, abun da ke ci abinci, kashi na insulin. Kar ka manta don duba yadda zaka sami nauyi, kuma auna ma'aunin jini. Wajibi ne don saka idanu akan kasancewar jikin ketone a cikin fitsari kuma game da kasancewar su nan da nan sanar da likitan ku. Yana iya zama wajibi ne don auna ƙujin ba kawai daga masu bugu ba, amma har ma da ruwa mai zurfi (diuresis). Ko da tare da ciwon sukari da aka biya a lokacin daukar ciki, yana da wuyar samun daidaito a cikin jini.
Idan ya cancanta, likita zai iya mayar da ku zuwa:
♦ Dopplerography - ta yin amfani da duban dan tayi, zubar da jini yana a cikin igiya mai ɗigon ruwa, placenta da cikin tayin;
♦ cardiotocography - an gano ko tayin yana da ciwon oxygen (hypoxia).
An yi nazari game da tasiri na insulin farfadowa ta hanyar yin nazarin fructosamine (wani fili na proteinin jini tare da glucose jini). A cikin uku na uku na ciki, likita zai kira ku sau da yawa fiye da baya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a wannan lokaci akwai hadarin rikitarwa da ke hade da ciwon sukari yana ƙaruwa. Sashin ciwon sukari na gestational ya bambanta da gestosis na mata masu ciki. Dalilin da bayyanarsa ya rage yawancin kwayoyin halitta zuwa insulin. A cewar masana kimiyyar Turai, yawancin GDD na daga 1 zuwa 14% cikin mata masu lafiya. A cikin hadari - mata masu juna biyu da karba, tare da tarihin magunguna obstetric. Yi gwajin jini don sukari da gwajin jini tare da nauyin glucose. Idan filayen ya zama al'ada, a karo na biyu ana gwajin gwajin a ranar 24-28th na ciki.
Yara haihuwa
Mace masu ciki masu fama da ciwon sukari suna iya haifuwa da kansu, idan babu wasu dalilan da suka shafi sashin maganin da kuma maganin ƙwayar cuta na haihuwa don haihuwa. Polyhydramnios, gestosis da urogenital cututtuka na iya haifar da haihuwa da haihuwa. Mafi yawancin matsalolin haihuwa a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari mellitus shine ɗaukar nauyin ruwa.
Bayan haihuwa
Mafi sau da yawa, iyaye suna jin tsoron cewa jaririn zai kasance da ciwon sukari. Idan mahaifin yaro ba shi da wannan cuta, to, yiwuwar cigaba da ciwon sukari a cikin jaririn yana kimanin kashi 3-5%. Idan mahaifinsa ya sha wahala daga ciwon sukari, an kiyasta hadarin kusan 30%. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawarar yin gwajin kwayoyin kafin daukar ciki. Yaran jarirai na bukatar kulawa na musamman. Sau da yawa ana haife jarirai da kiba, amma tare da ciwon daji. A cikin farkon kwanakin rayuwa, cututtuka na numfashi, da cututtukan launi na tsakiya, acidosis, matakan glucose na jini ya kamata a kauce masa; don yin jarrabawar zuciya. A cikin jarirai, nauyin jiki mai tsanani, kumburi na fata, daɗaɗɗen hanta da kuma yaduwa za a iya lura. Yara jarirai daga mums da SD-1 suna da kyau sunyi dacewa saboda haka sau da yawa sukan sha wahala daga jaundice na jarirai, ƙananan erythema, rasa ƙarin nauyin bayan haihuwa kuma mayar da shi sannu a hankali. Amma duk abin komai ne!
Vanyusha ta haifa ne a cikin sassan cesarean a mako 37. Mahaifiyarsa Ole yana da shekaru 29 da haihuwa lokacin da aka haifi ɗansa. Shekaru huɗu da rabi daga baya kuma wata mace ta haifi ɗa. Babu wani abu na musamman? Zai yiwu - idan kawai a lokacin haihuwar jariri na farko Olya basu da gwaninta na shekaru 19! Babbar matsala ga mata da suke so su haifi yara zai iya kasancewa da ciwon sukari mai lamba 1 (SD-1). Doctors suna jin tsoron rayuwar mahaifiyar da yarinya kuma basu kasance a shirye su dauki alhakin gudanar da matsala ta ciki ba. Haka ya faru da Olya, wanda bai samu taimakon farko daga likitoci ba. Olya ya ce: "Ina da goyon bayan abin dogara - miji. Shi ne wanda ya tafi tare da ni zuwa dukan shawarwari, ya dubi kowane nau'i na kasidu, ya dauki dukkanin asalin insulin, ya auna ni gurasa na gurasa don sandwiches don aiki kuma a cikin gaba ɗaya ya bi abincin da nake da ita sosai. Saukaka kullun na tsabta, tada ni da dare, wani lokacin kowane sa'a don auna matakin glucose, gyara ni da ruwan 'ya'yan itace idan ya cancanta da sauransu. Dubban irin waɗannan abubuwa kadan, kuma la'akari da su duka - wannan ya fi wuya a gare ni. "Ta wannan hanyar, mutum zai iya kaucewa sakamakon mummunan sakamako ga mahaifiyar da jariri. Babban aikin da masu kula da aikin jinya da kuma ungozoma ya kamata su kasance don tabbatar da karuwar gwanin carbohydrate a duk matakai - daga zanewa zuwa haihuwa.