Kimanin kashi 25 cikin dari na kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta ba tare da wani alamar wariyar launin fata ba kuma ya kasance ba a gane shi ba. Ga mafi yawan yara, wannan kamuwa da cuta yana da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta. Babban hatsari na rubella shine ga mata masu ciki, saboda cutar ta hanyar ƙwayar cutar za ta iya tayar da tayin kuma ta haifar da haɗari. Rubella a cikin yara: bayyanar cututtuka, magani - batun batun.
Yada cutar
Kwayar cutar rubella tana da yawa. A cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, ana iya ganin annobar annoba a cikin hunturu ko bazara. Yanzu, godiya ga alurar riga kafi, rubella abu ne mai wuya. A lokacin da zazzage ko sneezing, an saki cutar a cikin yanayin, yada tare da yalwa da turawa ko kumba. Lokacin da wadannan kwayoyin sun shiga cikin jikin mucous membranes, kamuwa da cuta na faruwa. A wasu lokuta, yaron ya kamu da lafiya kuma baya da alamun bayyanar cutar.
Lokacin shiryawa
Tun da kwayar cutar ta shiga jiki kafin a fara bayyanar cututtuka, yana da makonni 2-3. Yara marasa lafiya sunyi ta da lafiya, suna da matsakaicin zazzabi, da hanci, conjunctivitis, tari da kuma karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph. Yayinda cutar ta tasowa, ƙwayar lymph na cikewa kuma ta zama mai zafi, a kullun cutar akwai rash. Rashin rawaya mai launin ruwan horo ya bayyana a fuska kuma yayi sauri ya shimfida zuwa jiki, makamai da kafafu. Raguwa, wanda yawanci baya haifar da rashin jin daɗi ga yara, yana da kwanaki uku. Yara a wannan lokacin akwai karuwa mai yawa a cikin zafin jiki (yawanci game da 38 "C ko ƙananan), zazzaɓi da karuwa a cikin ƙananan lymph.
Matsaloli
Wani lokaci, rubella yana haifar da rikitarwa:
- Arthritis. Yawancin lokaci yana rinjayar ƙananan yara. Wannan damuwa yana kara haɗarin ƙwayar cututtuka na rheumatoid na gaba.
- Encephalitis (kumburi na kwakwalwa). Ana ganin wannan rikitarwa a cikin 1 daga cikin mutane dubu 6. Yarin da ke dauke da ciwon ƙwayar cuta yana da ƙunci ko kuma, akasin haka, ya yi farin ciki sosai. Zai yiwu ci gaban coma. Ba kamar ƙananan ƙwayar kyanda ba, ƙwayar cuta a cikin rubella bata da muni, kuma yawancin wadanda ke fama da cututtuka ba tare da sakamako ba.
- Sauran matsaloli sune thrombocytopenia da myocarditis.
- Ciwo na cututtuka na ciki shine cuta mai tsanani, tare da rashin ƙarfin haihuwa, jinkirta ci gaba, makafi, kurakurai da zuciya. Daga baya a cikin lokacin da ciki ne mahaifiyarsa ke kamuwa da cutar, ƙananan haɗarin cewa jaririn zai sami ciwo.
- Dalilin da yasa likitoci ke kulawa sosai ga rubella shine kamuwa da cutar mace mai ciki da wannan cutar zai iya haifar da ci gaba da cutar ta ciki a cikin ɗarinta ba a haife shi ba.
Ƙungiyoyin manyan kungiyoyi guda uku da ke haɗuwa da kamuwa da rubella sune:
- Cataract - zai iya haifar da raguwa a hangen nesa ko ma makanta.
- Zuciyar zuciya shine, na farko, ƙuntatawa da maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da kuma rikon kwarya marar kyau.
- Low nauyin haihuwa.
Har ila yau, yawancin rubutun da aka samu tare da ragewa a ji.
Hadarin zuwa tayin
Babban haɗari ga tayin shine kamuwa da mahaifiyar kafin mako takwas na ciki, musamman ma a farkon watanni. Kimanin rabin adadin irin wannan ya haifar da halayen ci gaba. Bayan wannan lokaci, haɗarin kamuwa da cutar tayi da kuma haɗarin cutar kyama suna ragu.
Gwajin gwaji
Idan mace mai ciki ta kamu da cutar, to wajibi ne a duba matsayinta na rigakafi da wuri-wuri. Idan an san cewa an riga an rigakafi ko kuma idan gwaje-gwajen jini ya tabbatar da rigakafi, zaku iya kwantar da hankalin mai haƙuri: haɗarin tasowa na ciki a cikin ɗanta bai haifa ba. Idan mace ba ta rigaya ta rigaya ta rigakafi ba kuma gwajin jini ya tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar, dole ne a ba da shawara ta hanyar dacewa kuma a sanar da shi game da matsanancin hadarin da yaron yaro. A wasu ƙasashe, mace mai ciki mara ciki ba tare da rigakafi mai tabbatarwa ba tun da wuri yana iya bada shawara don dakatar da ciki. Injections na immunoglobulins da ake amfani da shi don toshe ƙwayar maganin cututtuka a cikin jini a yayin daukar ciki ba'a bada shawara. Gaskiyar cewa suna iya hana cutar ko rage mummunan wahalar ga mahaifiyar, amma ba gaskiyar cewa za su yi gargadin yaduwar cutar ba a cikin wani yaro. Rigakafin rigakafi kan rubella a yawancin ƙasashe masu tasowa ya fara a cikin 70s na karshe karni. Sai an yi maganin alurar riga kafi ga 'yan makaranta da mata masu girma, masu kula da wannan kamuwa da cuta. A halin yanzu, maganin rigakafin rubella yana cikin ɓangaren rigakafi na dole ga yara. Kwayar cutar rubella wani maganin alurar rigakafi ne, wanda ikonsa ya haifar da cutar ya rage zuwa kusan zero. Samun rigakafi yana da tasiri a cikin fiye da 98% na lokuta kuma ya bada, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya tabbatar da rigakafin rai. A cewar kalandar Rasha ta rigakafin alurar riga kafi, an yi alurar riga kafi a shekara 12 da kuma a shekaru 6. Sakamakon sakamako na da wuya, a wasu lokuta a cikin kwanaki 7-10 bayan alurar riga kafi, wani mummunan da zazzabi da kuma karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph. Mata masu girma a cikin jima'i suna iya samun ciwon maganin ƙwararru a cikin makonni 2-3 bayan rigakafi. Contraindication zuwa maganin alurar riga kafi shi ne rashin daidaituwa ta jiki wanda cutar ta cutar ko magani. Amma yara masu cutar HIV, duk da haka, za a iya maganin alurar rigakafi da kyama. Sauran contraindications suna ciki da kwanan nan jinin jini.