Hanyoyin hanyoyin watsa matakan
Ana auna kwayar ta da droplets na ruwa wanda aka saki daga sashin jiki na numfashi na mutum mai rashin lafiya a lokacin da yake cinyewa ko sneezing. Pathogens sun fada cikin jikin wani mutum mai lafiya ta hanyar mucous membrane na bakin ko conjunctiva na idanu. Akwai matsala, ko farko, lokacin da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ke kama da sanyi, zazzabi, tari da conjunctivitis, da kuma lokacin bayyanar wani abu mai sauƙi. Yarin da ke fama da cutar kyanda ya fi kariya a cikin lokaci na zamani, kafin yayi tasowa. A matsayinka na mulkin, cutar kyanda ta sami cikakkiyar dawowa.
Ana cire cututtuka
Game da cututtukan cututtuka masu sauri, babu magani na musamman don kyanda. Ayyuka na yau da kullum sun hada da yawan sha da shan paracetamol zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki. A lokacin zamani, nakasar asalin kyanda yana da wuya. Duk da haka, likita na iya ɗaukar wani abu mai tsanani fiye da sauƙin sanyi idan zafin zazzaɓi da alamar cutar sun ci gaba da dogon lokaci. Ma'anar conjunctivitis kuma iya bayar da shawarar kyanda. Halin halayen kyanda ne bayyanuwar Koplik spots a kan mucosa na ɓangaren murya. Wadannan ƙananan fararen fararen na farko suna bayyana a kan kwakwalwan da ke gaban ƙananan ƙananan jaw kuma suna sassaukawa a cikin mucosa na kogo na baki. Ana iya gano spots na Koplic 24-48 hours kafin bayyanar raguwa. Daya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka na kyanda shine bayyanuwa a jikin fata na rash mai tsauraran matuka (duniyar ja da tsayi a tsakiyar). Da farko, rash ya bayyana a bayan kunnuwan kuma tare da layin gashi a bayan kansa, sa'an nan kuma yada zuwa ga jiki da ƙwayoyin. Ƙungiyar mutum ɗaya ta haɗuwa kuma ta karu da girmanta, ta kasance mai ɓoye na launi ja. Ragowar yana da kwanaki biyar. Sa'an nan kuma spots fara warkar, samun launin ruwan kasa, bayan da babba na Layer fata exfoliates. An ragargaza raguwa kamar yadda ya bayyana: da farko ya ɓace a kansa, sa'an nan kuma a jiki da ƙwayoyi.
Nuna cutar kyanda
A matsayinka na mulkin, cutar kyanda ta sami cikakkiyar dawowa. Duk da haka, wasu yara suna ci gaba da matsalolin da zasu iya samun gajeren lokaci da kuma dogon lokaci. Ana iya raba kwayoyin cutar kyanda a cikin manyan kungiyoyi biyu:
Rika ba tare da shan kashi na tsarin ba
Rarraba wannan rukuni yana da sauƙi da tsinkaya. Sau da yawa akwai kunnuwa na kunnen tsakiya (maganin otitis), da kuma matsaloli daga sashin respiratory na sama, kamar laryngitis. Kwayar cuta na biyu na kwayar cuta zai iya ci gaba: a matsayin mai mulkin, ana iya bi da shi tare da maganin rigakafi. Sauran matsaloli sun haɗa da ciwon daji da kuma hepatitis.
Rashin matsalolin da ba'ayi ba
Rashin matsalolin da ke tattare da maganganu ba tare da haɓaka ba. Hanyoyin fuska suna da nau'i-nau'i; suna ci gaba a wasu yara da kyanda a cikin zazzabi mai zurfi. Abun ciki (ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa) yana tasowa a matsayin yaduwar kyanda a kimanin 1 cikin yara 5,000. Yawancin lokaci yana faruwa game da mako guda bayan farawar cutar; yayin da yara ke kokawa da ciwon kai. Kodayake a cikin kyanda, kamar yadda yake tare da duk wata cuta mai cututtukan da ke faruwa tare da zazzaɓi, ciwon kai yana faruwa sau da yawa tare da ciwon ƙwayar cuta, yana tare da damuwa da rashin tausayi.
Cutar cututtuka na ƙwayar cutar kyanda
Yara da ke dauke da cutar kyanda suna neman lafiya, gaji da damuwa, amma suna nuna alamun damuwa da tashin hankali. Dangane da cututtuka na yara a cikin yara, yanayin lafiyar jiki, damuwa na iya bunkasa. A hankali ɗan yaro ya shiga cikin coma. Rashin mutuwa daga ƙananan ƙwayar cutar kyanda yana da kashi 15 cikin dari, wanda ke nufin cewa kowace jariri bakwai da ya mutu ya mutu. A cikin kashi 25-40 cikin 100 na yara masu rai, akwai matsalolin da ke da wucin gadi na tsawon lokaci, ciki har da lalacewar ɓarkewar ɓangaren nakasa da kuma matsalolin ilmantarwa. Sakamakon zane-zane na sclerosing panencephalitis (PSPE) wani abu ne mai wuya tare da hanya mai zurfi da kuma lalacewa. Yana faruwa a cikin 1 daga 100,000 yara da suka kamu da kyanda, amma bai bayyana kansa ba game da shekaru bakwai bayan rashin lafiya. Mai haƙuri yana tasowa bayyanar cututtukan neurologic, ciki har da ƙungiyoyi masu rikitarwa na jiki, har da maganganu da maganganun hangen nesa. Shekaru da dama cutar ta cigaba kuma tana ɗaukar siffar mafi tsanani. Yawancin lokaci, lalata da ciwon sukari na ciwon sukari. Sakamakon ganewar asirin SSPE sau da yawa ba zai yiwu ba a sanya shi nan da nan, amma cutar zata iya damuwa ta hanyar bayyanar ta asibiti. Ana tabbatar da ganewar asalin kwayar cutar kyanda a cikin jini da kuma ruwan sanyi, tare da halayyar halayen halayen bioelectric a kan EEG. A cikin yara da ya raunana rigakafi, cutar kyanda yakan ci gaba da tsanani kuma na dogon lokaci: lafiyarsu ta sha wuya fiye da lafiyayyen yara da rigakafi na al'ada, sukan haifar da rikitarwa da kuma mutuwa mafi girma. Daga cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya (ciki har da marasa lafiya na ciwon daji), kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta kasance mai wahala. zai iya kawo karshen tare da sakamakon sakamako. Aminiya mai kyau na kyanda bai wanzu ba, ko da yake cutar pneumonia za a iya bi da shi tare da maganin ribavirin ta antiviral a fom din aerosol.
Alurar riga kafi
Rage lalacewar cutar kyanda yana hade da gabatarwar maganin rigakafi mai kyau a cikin shekaru 60 na karni na karshe (a cikin USSR, maganin rigakafin rigakafin cutar kyanda ya fara a 1968). Kafin maganin alurar riga kafi, cutar da cutar kyanda ta bambanta daga 600 zuwa 2000 halaye da mutane 100,000 a cikin shekaru daban-daban. A farkon shekarun 2000, wannan alamar a Rasha ya riga ya kasa kasa da mutum 1 da dubu 100, kuma ta hanyar 2010 shine makasudin rage shi ba kome ba.