Ba zato ba, yana da wata cuta
Ko da a halin da ake ciki mai wuya, mutum yana ƙoƙari ya sami hanyar fita ta hanyar yin magana da kansa: "Duk abin zai iya zama mafi muni", "babu wani bakin ciki ba tare da kyau ba, har yanzu zai fi kyau," da dai sauransu. A wannan zamu taimaka mana ta hanyar kare muhalli, wanda aka sanya hannu a cikin yanayi mai wahala. Tun da yake rayuwarmu tana tasowa kamar yadda muke faɗawa da kuma jirage ta, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa bayan wani lokaci yanayin zai canza don mafi kyau. Duk da haka, wani lokaci wani mutum yana cike da damuwa, cike da rashin gaskiya ko da a lokacin da yanayin da ya dace ya warware ko bai tashi ba, kuma yanayinsa marar fahimta ga wasu. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, an riga an ciwo mai raɗaɗi a cikin yanayi, wanda ake kira ƙin zuciya, wanda yake buƙatar ba kawai tausayi ba, amma magani.
Rashin hankali shi ne cuta wanda yake yaduwa a dukan ƙasashe, zamantakewa da al'ada. Tana fama da kashi 5 cikin dari na yawan mutanen duniya. Mata suna fama da damuwa sau biyu sau da yawa a matsayin maza. Sakamakon rashin lafiyar yanayi yafi sau da yawa a shekarun shekaru 30-40, a cikin yara yana da yawanci, kuma a cikin tsofaffi yana da yawa. Kimanin kashi 12 cikin dari na mutane a lokacin rayuwansu suna samun akalla daya daga cikin ɓangaren ɓacin rai da zai kai matakin idan ana buƙatar magani.
Abin takaici, har ma a cikin ƙasashen da suka bunkasa tattalin arziki, kusan rabin mutanen nan ba su nemi taimakon likita ba - wasu daga cikinsu sunyi imani cewa abin da ke faruwa shi ne maganin matsalolin halin rayuwa kuma saboda haka likita a nan ba zai taimaka ba. Wani bangare na ganin yanayinsa kamar rashin lafiyar jiki, wani yana fatan "za ta wuce ta kansa", wani kawai yana jin tsoron haɗuwa da sabis na psychiatric. Wata hanya ko wata, amma fiye da 80% na lokuta na rashin tausanan zuciya ba a gane kuma marasa lafiya suna shan wahala ba tare da taimakon ba. Wannan sha'anin harkokin yana da ban dariya da mummunan hali, saboda idan an gano damuwa a lokaci, yawancin wadannan mutane za su iya samun taimakon gaggawa da tasiri.
Yaya bakin ciki yake nuna kanta
Kwayoyin cututtuka suna da yawa, amma suna da halayyar gaske. Babban alama na rashin tausayi shine yanayin rashin tausayi, wanda mutum zai iya kira baƙin ciki, damuwa, damuwa, rashin tausayi, asarar sha'awa cikin rayuwa, da dai sauransu. Irin wannan yanayi ya faru ko dai ba tare da wani dalili na waje ba, ko kuma bayan wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa (rikice-rikice da zumunta, rikici a aiki, rashin lafiya na iyali, hasara na kuɗi, da dai sauransu), amma ƙimar da tsawon lokacin ragewar yanayi yafi muhimmanci.
Har ila yau, abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa, idan abubuwan da ba su da kyau a cikin rayuwar mutum sun wuce ko har ma da wani abu mai ban sha'awa, yanayi bai daidaita ba, abubuwan da suka faru ba su samuwa a cikin maɓallin amsawa, ba su da farin ciki ko ma ƙara tsanani. Halin yana sau da yawa kuma ba ya dogara ne akan irin nasarar rayuwar mutum. A cikin halin ciki, an jarraba shi, alal misali, Jack London, mai cin nasara Nobel Prize Ernest Hemingway, masanin harkokin masana'antu na Rasha da Savva Morozov, A.S. Pushkin da LN Tolstoy, wani dan wasan fim mai suna Rod Steiger kuma daya daga cikin manyan 'yan siyasa na karni na XX, Winston Churchill.
Halin halin da ake ciki na ciki shine rashin farin ciki, wanda ke nuna kanta a asarar tsofaffin sha'awar da kuma damar da za a ji dadin abubuwan ko abubuwan da suka taba jin dadi irin wannan yardar. Mutum yana rayuwa ne kamar idan ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwa ko ta wajibi, yana jin dadin ("kamar lemun tsami"), yana da dalili don aiki da kuma gaba ɗaya don yin ƙoƙari. Rage aiki, ƙarfin hali, jinkirin motsa jiki da kuma karuwar wahala, wadda ba a taɓa lura ba. Mutumin ya zama marar aiki, rashin aiki, mara iko, yana da yawa. Tare da takaici mai zurfi, wannan ya nuna ta hanyar cigaba da aikin sana'a, tare da zurfin ciki, cikar mahimmancin aikin gida yana zama matsala. Yawancin lokaci, masu aiki da masu tasowa sun dakatar da ba kawai yin kasuwanci ba, har ma da kallon bayyanar su. Yana da wuya a tilasta kan kanka ka tashi daga gado, yin ado, kai abinci, waya, da dai sauransu.
Ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka
Har ila yau, yawancin bayyanar cututtuka suna nuna damuwa. Yawancin lokaci sukan rage girman kai, rashin fahimta da rashin haɓaka. Mutum yana da mummunar mummunan aiki, maras tabbas, mara amfani, ba lallai ba da gaskiyar fatan da aka sanya masa. Ya zama da wuya a yanke shawara - ko da wani kwararren ƙwarewa ko aiki na gida ya zama abin ƙyama. Mutum yana jin cewa kansa ya gaji, ya dame shi, ya rufe shi da wasu ayyuka da alhakin da ba shi da ikon magance shi.
Rage girman kai yana bayyana a fili ta hanyar maganganu da rashin halayyar mutum - mutumin yana magana da raƙumi, a cikin ƙaramin murya, ba shi da kwarewa, yana jin tsoro don jawo hankali ga wasu, yana ƙoƙarin shiga cikin kusurwa kuma ya dauki ƙananan wuri (podzhatye kafafu, dubi bene, kauce wa kallon idanu wasu). A cikin gado, ya dauki saurin embryonic, ko kuma "embryo", a gefensa, yana kunnensa, yana ɗaga hannunsa a kan kirjinsa, tare da kwance.
Bayyanar mutum a cikin halin ciki yana da halayyarsa: kodadden ido, ƙananan yara, tsinkaye maras kyau, fata mai laushi, ƙuƙwalwa ƙuƙuka, rinjaye a launin launin toka da launin toka, rashin kayan shafawa da kayan ado, lalata da rashin kulawa ga bayyanar mutum. Yunkurin da ake ciki, ƙararrakin da aka bayyana a cikin wadannan bayyanar.
Wani hali na alama na rashin tausayi shine jinkirin, tunani mai wuya, da karuwar yawan aiki na ilimi. Halin mutum yana warwatse, yana da wahala a gare shi ya maida hankali akan wani abu, bin tafarkin tunani, fahimtar ma'anar fim, labarin ko abin da mai magana ya faɗa. Kwayoyin da ke cikin shugaban basu da yawa, suna da yawa maras kyau kuma suna jin dadi akan wasu ƙananan ƙananan.
Ko da ainihin ilimin da ke ciki a cikin halin ciki ya raunana - fahimtar jima'i, ci abinci, jin dadi daga abincin ya ɓace, sabili da haka nauyin jiki yana raguwa. Abubuwa da barcin barci ke nunawa a cikin hanyar farkawa - mutumin yana farkawa 2-3 hours ko fiye da baya fiye da yadda ya saba kuma baya iya barci. Wadannan lokutan safiya suna da wuyar gaske a gare shi - babu barci, lokaci yana motsawa cikin hankali kuma babu jin dadi ya huta. Kuma ko da mafarkai ba sa mafarki! Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa a rana ko maraice yanayin zai inganta - akwai sha'awar yin wani abu, ƙaruwa aiki, ci abinci yana bayyana, da dai sauransu.
Mutumin da yake ciki yana fama da rashin jin dadin jiki daga gabobin ciki - zafi ko ƙuntatawa a cikin kirji, rashin tausayi, rauni na tsoka, jin cewa jiki yana cike da nauyin nauyin zuciya, ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, bakin ciki, da wuya a bayyana ma'anar ban sha'awa a kai, ciki ko wata gabar jiki. Yawancin bayyanuwar cututtuka na jiki suna haɗuwa da karuwa a cikin sautin sashin jiki mai kula da tsarin jiki. Wasu lokuta akwai alamun rashin tausayi na jiki da suka zama babban abin da ke tattare da maganganun mai haƙuri kuma yana neman taimako daga likitan zuciya, likitan ne, mai ilimin gastroenterologist da sauran kwararrun da ba su da cututtukan cututtukan jiki na bayyana ƙungiyoyi. A ƙarshe, daya daga cikin alamomin bayyanar tausayi da aka nuna game da rashin yarda da rayuwa - daga takaici da gajiya daga rayuwa don rarrabe shirye-shiryen suicidal.
Me yasa damuwa ta faru?
Sakamakon wannan cuta na masana kimiyya na fannoni daban-daban suna nazari sosai a cikin shekarun da yawa. Suna da bambanci kuma a cikin mafi yawan nau'i-nau'i za a iya raba kashi biyu - mawuyacin ilmin halitta (biochemical, kwayoyin, da dai sauransu) da kuma haddasa cututtuka (cututtukan zuciya, dabi'un mutum, tunani da halin mutum, dangantaka da wasu, da dai sauransu) .
A tsarin nazarin halittu (biochemical), dalilin cututtukan cututtuka shine cin zarafi akan kwakwalwa na abubuwa - masu watsa magungunan nasu, musamman serotonin da norepinephrine. Tare da ciwo, abun ciki na waɗannan abubuwa ya rage a jigon kwayoyin jijiyoyin - synapses. Idan akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka, hanyoyi na zalunta ciki zai iya zama daban-daban - daga magani zuwa psychotropic (hypnosis).
Kamar dai sauran cututtuka da yawa, rashin tausayi na ciki ya bambanta sosai tsakanin mutane - wasu har ma sun jimre wa raunin cutar mai tsanani, yayin da wasu, rashin tausayi na tasowa a wani lokaci marar iyaka ko kullum tare da cikakkiyar jin daɗi. Wannan yana yiwuwa ne saboda irin yanayin da ake ciki na mota - neurotransmitters and hormones - a cikin kwakwalwa, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi tsarin mulki. Bayanai daga binciken nazarin halittu ya nuna cewa karin dangin jini na mutanen da suka damu, kuma mafi kusantar zumunta, hakan ya fi yiwuwar mutum ya ci gaba da wannan cuta yayin rayuwa. Duk da haka, farfadowar da ke tattare da shi ba shi da kisa.
Sakamakon rashin ciki a cikin wasu lokuta sune dalilai na mutum - yanayin rayuwa mai tsanani da kuma haɗari: rashin lafiya da mutuwar ƙaunataccen, lalacewar tsofaffin zamantakewa, matsalolin tattalin arziki, rikice-rikice masu rikici, haɓaka ga cimma burin rayuwa, da dai sauransu. Yana da muhimmanci mu lura cewa ba duk abubuwan rayuwa masu ban sha'awa ba ne ke haifar da baƙin ciki, amma wadanda ke da tasiri mafi muhimmanci, masu mahimmanci a tsarin tsarin rayuwar mutum. Sabili da haka, daya da kuma irin wannan (alal misali, asarar aiki ko ritaya) zai iya haifar da wahala da damuwa ga ɗayan, kuma ga wani - ba wani ciwo ba.
Dark tunani suna da hatsari!
An riga an tabbatar da dangantaka ta kusa tsakanin mu da tunani. Sabili da haka, idan yanayi na mutum ya rage, a cikin tunaninsa, a cikin kansa, tunanin da ba daidai ba ne da kuma hukunci game da kai da wasu (ƙananan tunani) sun tashi. Don tunanin mutum a cikin halin ciki, akwai alamun da yawa:
• mummunan hali game da kanka - mutum yana ganin kansa marar kyau, rashin cancanta, rashin iyawa, rashin aiki, rashin lafiya, da dai sauransu, ba kawai a wannan lokaci a lokaci ba, har ma a rayuwa a matsayin duka;
• fassarar mummunan rayuwarsa a halin yanzu da kuma halin da yake ciki na yanzu - kamar yadda mutum yake cewa duniya da ke kewaye da shi da mutanen da ke kewaye da shi ba daidai ba ne, suna neman kullun, suna aiki ne kawai don samar da matsaloli masu ban tsoro a gare shi, a cikin dukan ayyukansa, ko da ya dace da nasara, ga kawai lalacewa da asarar;
• mummunan hali game da makomar mutum - wanda ya gan shi a cikin haske mai haske, a matsayin matsala mai wuyar gadi, kasawa da kuma raguwa.
Duk sauran alamun bayyanar cututtuka, bisa ga wannan ka'idar, an bayyana shi saboda sakamakon da ya faru a sama. Tare da wannan nau'i na bayyanar cututtuka, za'a iya samun hanyoyin da yawa na jiyya. Tambayoyi mara kyau suna canza dabi'ar mutum da kuma dangantaka da wasu (wannan shine, alal misali, la'akari da kansa mai lalacewa, mutum yana kauce wa haɗuwa da mutane kuma yana fama da lalata). Wannan, ta biyun, yana haifar da ƙarin raguwa a cikin yanayi, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin tunani mai banƙyama - karuwar ɓacin rai yana ƙara ci gaba.
An yi imani da cewa ci gaban ɓacin rai yana nuna wasu halaye na mutuntaka - karuwancin lokaci, ƙaddamar da kansa da kuma rashin jin daɗi tare da kai, ƙoƙari na kammala a komai, ciki har da ƙananan bayanai. Har ila yau, wannan yana haifar da aiki mai ban sha'awa, halin da zai iya gani a cikin kome kawai ƙuntatawa da ɓangarorin da ba daidai ba, da rashin iyawa don jin dadin rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma kafa dangantaka mai dumi da aminci da wasu. Hakika, damuwa na iya faruwa a wasu mutane na wani ɗaki, amma kasancewar waɗannan siffofi a cikin halin waɗannan siffofin yana ƙaruwa mai yiwuwa zuwa wannan cuta.