Tsarin gizon Cyclamen yana da har zuwa hamsin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda suke cikin iyali na primrose. Yankin da aka gano su ne Tsakiya ta Tsakiya, da Asia Minor. Cyclamen wani tsire-tsire ne, wadda take da tsami, wanda yake da ƙananan ƙarfe. Bar a ciki yana da m, tare da dogon cuttings, zagaye-lobed, kore. Furen suna samuwa a kan dogon lokaci, kuma suna da siffar dan kadan.
Akwai ra'ayi cewa gidan shuka cyclamen yana da wuya a yi girma cikin gida, amma ya zama nisa daga gaskiya. Idan an girma bisa ga dukan dokoki, zai yi farin ciki ga masu shuka don dogon lokaci. Matsaloli zasu iya tashi tare da launuka da aka sayo cikin shagon.
Kula da shuka.
Haskewa. Don ƙaunar wannan shuka don hasken, ba su canja wurin hasken hasken da aka ba su. Idan muna magana game da gefen duniya, to, sun fi kyau a yamma da gabas.
Temperatuur tsarin mulki. Idan mukayi magana game da yanayi mafi kyau don girma da flowering, to, za a iya raba su cikin rani da yanayin hunturu. A lokacin rani, yana da kyawawa a cikin ɗaki da zafin jiki na + 18-25C, kuma a cikin hunturu ya kamata ya zama ɗaki mai haske da mai sanyi da zafin jiki na + 10C, amma ba mafi girma daga + 12-14C ba.
Watering. A lokacin da wannan shukin gidan ya fara, ya kamata a shayar da ita ko dai dai ko kuma daidai. Kada ka bari izinin ruwa ko bushewa ƙasar. Da ruwa mai kyau don ban ruwa yana da kyau kuma yana da taushi. Game da ruwa, ya kamata a yi a hankali, tare da gefen tukunya; Kada ka bari ruwa ya shiga buds da tubers na shuka. Sabili da haka, zaka iya ruwa kuma ta hanyar pallet. Har ila yau, injin ba zai iya tsira ba idan ruwa ya shiga zuciyar da shuka, tun da tuber zai iya rusawa. Idan mukayi magana game da zafin jiki na ruwa, to, ya zama nau'i na digiri fiye da zazzabi a cikin dakin. Bayan watering, bayan sa'a daya ko biyu, ruwa daga kwanon rufi, idan akwai, dole ne a shafe, in ba haka ba tushen zai fara farawa. Bayan shuka ya ɓace, za'a iya rage yawan watering a lokacin, kuma a lokacin bazara, ba a shayar da shi ba idan ganye suka juya rawaya kuma sun bushe.
Yayin da bayyanuwar buds ke zuwa, ana buƙatar tsire-tsire cyclamen. Kuma bayan bayyanar su, an dakatar da shayarwa don hana hawan su. Idan kana buƙatar ƙara yawan zafi, to, a cikin pallet za ka iya sanya gangar rigar ko yalwata fadada (pebbles kuma ya dace). Amma tuna cewa kasa kada ta taɓa ruwa. Ruwan ruwa zai zama mafi kyawawa, amma zaka iya amfani da tace, ruwa mara kyau.
Top dressing. Lokacin da ganye ya fara bayyana a kan shuka, amma har yanzu babu wata shuka, dole ne a ciyar da shuka tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai; mita na takin gargajiya - kowane makonni 2. Cyclamens suna son takin gargajiya. Kuma tare da nitrogen da takin mai magani, ya kamata ka yi hankali, ba za ka iya ƙara su a cikin manyan yawa ba, saboda za su iya juya tushen tubers.
Flowering. Cyclamen shukin shuka ne mai girma kimanin shekaru 10-15 kuma a kowace shekara har zuwa furanni 70 zai iya bayyanawa akan shi. Wadannan furanni da suka yi bace da kuma bace, tsabtace tare da pedicel. Lokacin da wani shuka riga ya fara wither, i.e. shi ya ɓace kuma ya fita ya juya launin rawaya, ya zama dole ya yada su a tushen (amma ba a yanke) ba. Bayan wannan wuri rupture yayyafa yawan foda daga gawayi.
Sake bugun. Sake haifar da cyclamen yana da wuya a gida. Yawancin lokaci yaduwa ta rarraba tuber. Akwai bambancin haifuwa da tsaba, amma wannan tsari ne mai tsawo.
Don samun cikakken tsaba a gida, to, gwanintar artificial (mafi kyaun gicciye) wajibi ne. Ya kamata ku ɗauki goga mai laushi, ta amfani da shi don ɗaukar pollen daga wata shuka kuma sanya shi a kan pestle wani shuka. Zai kasance mai kyau don ciyar da cyclamen a wannan lokaci tare da phosphorus-potassium taki.
Mafi lokacin shuka shi ne Agusta, domin a lokacin rani wannan shuka yana da lokacin hutu.
Kafin shuka, ana shuka tsaba a wasu lokuta tare da wani bayani na sukari (5%) kuma dauki tsaba da suka fadi a kasa; tsaba da suka hau ba su dace ba. Wani lokaci ana shuka tsaba a cikin wani bayani na zircon.
Ga madadin, ana ɗaukar sinadarin haske. A cakuda ganye da kuma peat, a cikin rabo na daya zuwa daya, ko peat da vermiculite, zai dace a cikin wannan rabo.
An shayar da kayan, sannan an dasa tsaba a kan fuskarsa kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa na 0.5-1 cm.Dan shuka, tsaba basu buƙatar haske, saboda ana iya rufe su da fim wanda ba ya fitar da haske. Mafi yawan zafin jiki a gare su shine game da + 20C, a zazzabi a sama da tsaba zasu iya "fada barci" kuma germination za ta daina. Yanayin zafin jiki ba ya kusanci da ƙasa + 18Y, kamar yadda tsaba zasu ci. Kar ka manta don saka idanu da abun ciki mai laushi na ƙasa, kuma lokaci-lokaci yana da muhimmanci don kwantar da ganga tare da tsaba.
Tsawancin lokaci na germination a zafin jiki mafi kyau shine kawai fiye da wata daya. Bayan shayarwa, an cire fim din daga farfajiyar, kuma an sanya akwati a cikin wuri mai haske, amma ba tare da hasken rana ba. Yawan zazzabi ya zama ƙasa, game da + 15-17.
Bayan bayyanar nodules tare da 2-3 ya fita a cikin seedlings, kuma yawanci yakan faru a watan Disamba, an sanya su cikin tukunya, inda akwai takarda (2 sassa), peat (1 part) da yashi (0.5 part). Nodules ya kamata a rufe shi da ƙasa (manya baya buƙatar yin hakan). Bayan dasawa a cikin sabon cakuda, bayan kimanin mako daya, yana da muhimmanci don ƙara taki, wanda ya kamata a diluted ta rabi. Bayanin 0.2% na ammonium sulphite (2 grams da lita) zai dace, kuma bayan 0.1 kwana kara 0.1% potassium nitrate.
A cikin bazara da aka riga an shuka seedlings a cikin tukwane.
A girma cyclamens daga tsaba zai Bloom bayan shuka a cikin kimanin 14 watanni.
Tsanani.
Cyclamen, musamman ma jinsuna - cyclamen Persian, sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba. Mafi girma abun ciki a cikin tubers. Wannan guba zai iya haifar da zubar da jini, zawo, ko kuma ƙwayar cuta.
Matsalar kulawa.
Za a iya amfani da tsire-tsire ta wani zanen inabin. A wannan yanayin, mai tushe zai karya kuma ya mutu. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a duba duniyar akai don samun ciwon launin mai launin launin ruwan zuma, tare da shugabannin launin ruwan kasa.
Idan dakin yana da zafi sosai, kuma yawan zazzabi ba mai zurfi ba ne, to, a kan furanni da kuma buds sukan bayyana launin toka furry rot a cikin hanyar sprouting.
Bugu da ƙari, ganyaye, injin yana da lalata ta hanyar cyclamen mite. Bar a wannan yanayin canzawa - deform, ko kada ku yi girma; furanni fara fade, buds da peduncles crinkle. Idan an yi shuka tare da kaska, to dole ne a jefar da shi, tun da yake ba zai yiwu ba a kawar da wannan kaska.
Cyclamen yana fuskantar zafi, don haka a yanayin zafi sama da + 17C, lokacin da iska ta dumi da bushe, ganye sunyi launin rawaya kuma sun fadi kuma tsire-tsire za ta shuɗe. Haka kuma zai faru idan bai isa ya sha ruwa ba kuma zai tsaya a hasken rana kai tsaye.