Wannan rikicewa zai iya haifar da yin wasan kwaikwayo da yawa ko kuma, a wani ɓangare, zuwa yanayin da bai dace da yanayin ba; a cikin waɗannan lokutta aikin zai zama rashin isa, za a jinkirta magani. Abin da cututtuka na gastrointestinal na yara da kuma yadda za a shawo kan su, gano a cikin labarin akan "cututtukan cututtuka na gastrointestinal cikin yaro".
Abincin Abincin
Abincin guba, musamman ma a lokacin rani, yawanci shine salmonella kuma yana nufin nau'in gastroenteritis, wanda shine mafi mahimmanci magani na "Aidar farko". Gastroenteritis - cututtuka na ciki da intestines, yana haifar da kamuwa da kwayar cuta ko kwayoyin cuta. Ana iya kamuwa da ita ta hanyar sadarwa tare da mai haƙuri. Rigar cutar a wani lokaci yana daukar nauyin annoba. Wata hanya ta kamuwa da cuta ita ce amfani da ruwa gurbata ko gurbi abinci. Kwayoyin cututtuka na gastroenteritis da salmonellosis yawanci suna bayyana 1-3 kwana bayan kamuwa da cuta, ciki har da zazzabin da zubar da jini, zafi da ciki. Ƙungiyar haɗari mafi haɗari sun haɗa da yara, da tsofaffi da marasa lafiya, waɗanda suke da wuya musamman saboda rashin lafiyar jiki, wanda ya kara yawan gastroenteritis. Yana da muhimmanci muyi la'akari da matakan tsaro, musamman a lokacin rani:
- Kula da ƙanshin qwai da kuma jita-jita da suka hada da - mayonnaise, salads, biredi, bude pies da desserts.
- Salatin salatin, 'ya'yan itatuwa da' ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau ya kamata a wanke sosai.
- Idan kun ci a waje, ku kula da ajiyar kuji, kifi da nama.
- Saya abincin kifi ne kawai daga masu sayarwa.
- Yi hankali tare da kifin kifi, sausages, nama mai sanyi.
- Gilashin jariri domin ciyarwa ya kamata a haifuwa da kuma kiyaye shi cikin tsabta.
- Ruwan shan ruwa ya kamata a kwalabe ko burodi.
Botulism
Wannan cututtukan cututtuka na haifar da toxins na Clostridium botulinum bacillus, sakamakon aikin su na iya zama ɓarna daga tsarin jin tsoro. Akwai nau'ikan botulism iri 3: Botulism na abinci (lokacin cin abinci da gurɓata da toxins), ƙwayar jarirai (tare da yada kwayoyin halitta a cikin hanji, inda suka saki macijin da ke shafewa da kuma haifar da bayyanar cututtuka) da kuma ciwo na botulism (haifuwa da raunin clostridia). Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka sune baki mai sauƙi, hangen nesa guda biyu, wahala a zalunta matakan da suka danganci, wahalar haɗiye da magana. Magungunan cututtuka na ciki (tashin zuciya, vomiting, spasms da zawo) zai iya bayyana lokaci daya tare da waɗanda aka ambata a sama ko kafin su. Abin ciwo mai tsanani da ciwon ciki, colic. Haɗa a cikin ciki sau da yawa yakan faru a cikin yara, zai iya samun nau'o'i daban-daban da tsawon lokaci. Ƙananan zafi zai iya haifar da:
- Gastroenteritis mai tsanani.
- Colic. Idan ciwon ciki a cikin ciki yaron ya faru tare da kuka, yunkurin kafafun kafa, alamar, yaduwa, bayyanar jini a cikin vomit ko feces, likita ya kamata a tuntube shi nan da nan. Duk da cewa duk wadannan abubuwan da suka faru ne kawai suka yi ta hanyar yin amfani da shi, don haka magungunan likita ya zama dole don tabbatar da ainihin dalili.
- Haɗuwa da gases (flatulence).
- Appendicitis. Abun ciwo yana cike da zafin jiki, ciyawa da maƙarƙashiya, ciwo yana da hankali a cikin ƙananan ƙananan gefen ɓangaren ciki.
- Idan ciwon yana tare da bayyanar cututtukan urologic da ciwo a cikin yankin lumbar, da kuma zafi, zai iya nuna kamuwa da cutar kwayar cutar (cystitis, pyelonephritis).
- Sauran sa: pancreatitis, peritonitis. A cikin wadannan lokuta, zafi yana tare da babban zazzabi, ciki yana da ƙarfi, yanayin jiki na jiki yana da matukar talauci. Idan ciwo na ciki ya zama na yau da kullum (wato, ya sake sau da yawa sau ɗaya a wata), akwai kuma dalilai da dama:
- Wataƙila, zafi yana haɗuwa da fushi da hanji, musamman ma a cikin yara masu saurin haɗari da halayya.
- Raunin zai iya haifar da sake komawa daga pancreatitis, koda da cututtuka na gallbladder, colic, da dai sauransu.
Tare da ciwo mai tsanani a cikin ciki, wanda ya tashi a karon farko, likita zai yanke shawarar bisa ga sakamakon binciken da kuma motsi. Zunubi na iya haifarwa ta hanyar lokuta da ake buƙatar gaggawa na gaggawa, misali, appendicitis, kuma ba cututtukan cututtuka ba. Wasu lokuta yana da amfani a lura da marasa lafiya na tsawon sa'o'i don yin ganewar asali.
Appendicitis
Daga cikin cututtukan gastrointestinal da ke faruwa a cikin shekaru goma na farko na rayuwa, appendicitis shine mafi yawan lokuta. Saboda gaskiyar cewa an rufe ɓangaren na ciki tare da membrane - peritoneum, ƙunar da ke cikin shafi zai iya sauri ya yada kuma ya haifar da cutar mai tsanani da kuma barazana - peritonitis. Mafi alama alama ce ta appendicitis shine ciwo, wadda ba a fara ba da farko, amma ƙarshe yana maida hankali a gefen dama na kogin na ciki (yanki). Wannan ciwo zai iya zama ko dai ci gaba ko tsoma baki. Yara ya ja ƙafafunsa na dama zuwa ciki don taimakawa ciwo, amma ba ya taɓa ɓangaren ɓacin ciki, inda ake jin zafi. Ruwa da tashin hankali ma yana yiwuwa (a wasu lokuta, kafin a fara jin zafi). Sauran cututtuka sun hada da zazzabi, ciwon kai, rashin jin daɗi da haske da motsa jiki, rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, harshen sassauci.
Hepatitis
Wannan mummunan hanta ne, yawanci hade da kamuwa da kwayar cutar. Kumburi yana iya zama mummunan bambanci, wani lokaci ma yakan kai ga halakar nama. Akwai ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa da zasu iya haifar da hepatitis a cikin yara.
- Cutar da ke haifar da hepatitis: zuwa yau, gano 6 manyan nau'o'in - hepatitis A, B, C, D, E da G.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) tana nufin iyali na ƙwayoyin cuta, ana daukar shi daga mutum zuwa mutum.
- Kwayar Epstein-Barr (EBV) yawanci ana hade da ciwon ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Harsashin cutar Herpes simplex (HSV) yafi rinjayar fuska, fata a sama da kugu da kuma al'amuran.
- Cutar Chickenpox (VZV), saboda daya daga cikin rikitarwa na pox na kaza zai iya zama hepatitis.
- Enteroviruses: rukuni na ƙwayoyin cuta sau da yawa samuwa a cikin yara, irin su Coxsackie cutar, haifar da phahngus aphthous, ko echovirus.
- Ruby cutar, haifar da rubella.
- Parvovirus, sau da yawa ana kiransa "cuta ta biyar", yana nuna raguwa a kan fuska, daga abin da yake nuna damuwa.
Hepatitis A shine mafi yawan nau'i na hepatitis a cikin yara. Yana haifar da ƙwayar cuta. Yawancin lokaci, kamuwa da cutar irin wannan ciwon yana faruwa a lokacin da yake hulɗa da feces, da kuma lokacin cinye abinci ko ruwa da aka gurbata tare da abubuwan da ke dauke da cutar. Haɗari A kuma ana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar cutlery, wanda wanda ke kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta ya kasance a baya.
Kwayoyin cututtuka suna kama da alamun cutar mura:
- Heat, tashin zuciya, zuka, zawo.
- Rashin ci abinci, ƙwaƙwalwa, zafi ko rashin jin daɗi a cikin ciki, ciwo a cikin tsokoki da mahaɗin.
- Gwaninta da launin toka a fata.
- Darkening na fitsari da icterus (yellowness na fata da sclera).
Dikita zai gano asali akan makasisis da sakamakon gwajin gwaje-gwaje. Duban dan tayi da hanta da kwayoyin halitta suna bada shawarar a wasu lokuta da alaka da siffofin hepatitis.
Cigaba na intestinal
Sashin kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin halitta sune kwayoyin da ke cinye abubuwan gina jiki da ke kunshe cikin jikin mutum kuma suna zaune a fili na gastrointestinal. Yawancin lahani za a iya raba kashi biyu:
- Saitunan, microspores (amoebae, guardia, cryptosporidia) da kuma multicellular, wato tsutsotsi, misali, zagaye (oxyuras, ascarids, trichocephales, hookworms, nekator, strongyloid, toxocar). Hanyoyin cututtuka na cututtuka na parasitic sun dogara ne akan abin da suke lalacewa; a cikin yawa
Yadda za a kauce wa cututtuka na parasitic:
Idan mai tsarki na ruwa ba shakka ba ne, ya kamata a bukafa shi, an sarrafa shi, ya bugu kuma ya bugu. Abincin abinci, musamman 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, ya kamata a wanke sosai kafin shan tare da ruwan sha. Yana da muhimmanci a koya wa yaro ya wanke hannunsu kafin cin abinci, bayan ya tafi ɗakin bayan gida, kuma, mafi mahimmanci, bayan wasa a cikin yashi. Yaron ya kamata ya yi tafiya ba tare da takalma ba inda akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta. Duk dangi na yaron wanda ya kasance da cutar parasitic dole ne ya wuce wani bincike, koda kuwa basu da wata alamar wariyar launin fata, za su iya zama marasa lafiya. Ba a tabbatar da tasiri na magungunan gida ba, saboda haka kada ku yi amfani da laxatives, kada ku maye gurbin magani tare da enemas da sauransu. A lokuta da wadannan cututtuka, babu rashin jin dadi. Sashin yanar gizo yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka (cututtuka, busawa da ciwo na ciki); yawanci ba kawai ba wadannan alamun bayyanar ba, amma kuma rashin jin dadin jiki (rashin ƙarfi, farfadowa, asarar nauyi, ci gaba mai gina jiki mai ci gaba, anemia, tari mai tsohuwar gaske, ƙa'ida, da dai sauransu).
Kwayoyin cuta na Genitourinary
Kwayoyin cuta na tsarin dabbobi, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna daga asali na kwayoyin cuta, musamman magunguna na cututtuka (urethritis), mafitsara (cystitis) da kodan (pyelonephritis). Cutar cutar dabbobi a cikin yara (yawanci a cikin shekaru 2 na farko) sun fi kowa fiye da kowane lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin yara wadannan cututtuka sun fi wuya: a cikin yara ƙanƙara yawan maganin kamuwa da cuta, sepsis da meningitis na iya faruwa, a cikin yara tsofaffi, cututtuka na urinary, musamman tare da sakewa, haifar dysfunction koda kuma haifar da cututtukan koda. A cikin yara ƙanana (shekaru 1-2), kawai alama ce ta iya zama zazzaɓi. Sauran bayyanar cututtuka: hadari mai guguwa tare da wari mai tsarma, ba da isasshen riba mai saurin sauri ba, vomiting, mai kuka, da dai sauransu. Saboda a yara yaran yana da wuya a gane cututtuka na urinaryar ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka, likitoci sukan tabbatar da ganewar asali. A cikin ƙananan yara, bayyanar cututtuka suna haɗuwa da urination - konewa, matsalolin da akai, wani lokacin fitsari yana tare da jini, turbid, tare da wari mai laushi. Idan kamuwa da cuta ya shafi kodan (pyelonephritis), zazzabi, vomiting, zafi a gefen dama ko hagu na yankin lumbar (a cikin ƙananan baya, a kowane gefen kashin baya) yana yiwuwa. A duk lokuta, ana bada shawarar karɓa mai kyau. Idan zafin jiki ya tashi, ba wa jaririn sababbin kwayoyi antipyretic (paracetamol, ibuprofen, da sauransu). Yanzu mun san abin da cututtukan cututtuka na gastrointestinal suke.