A ina ne jini ya ƙare?
Kowane mutum yana da masaniya game da tsarin sigina: "tubules" na sassan daban-daban, ta hanyar da zuciya ke bugu da jini, yana kawo oxygen zuwa dukkan sassan jikin don numfashi da kayan abinci don ... abinci mai gina jiki, hakika. Da kyau, yana daukan dukan ƙuƙwalwa, kamar yadda kuka sani, baya ga jinin, wanda baku ma ma so yin magana akan. Duk da haka, idan ka yi tunani game da irin yadda wannan ya faru a cikin aiki, ya zama bayyananne cewa babu "sassan jiki" a cikin babban ko, don zama mafi mahimmanci, ƙananan asusun, amma akwai nau'i daban-daban na kwayoyin microscopic cikin ciki wanda dukkanin waɗannan matakai masu ban mamaki suna faruwa -power-allo. Kowane tantanin halitta yana kewaye da harshe rufe, ba "bakuna" kuma, hakuri, babu wani lokacin budewa. Ta yaya musayar musayar jini da tantanin halitta? A shekara ta 1661, masanin kimiyyar Italiya Malpighi ya gano "na biyu", a matsayin asiri, tsarin sigina.
Game da raunin microcirculation a cikin jikin mutum yayi magana a cikin kwanan nan saboda yanayin da ke ciki, ƙara ƙarfafawa da kuma a lokaci guda - sha'awar mutane don sake juyawa da kuma kara tsawon rayuwa. Wadanda basu da ilimin likita, yawanci sunyi imani cewa cutar ta microcirculation wani sunan kimiyya ne na cututtukan zuciya na zuciya. A gaskiya, wannan matsala ne daban daban na tsarin jiki.
Jirgin jini , kamar yadda aka sani, a cikin jikin jiki yana fitowa a duk inda dukkanin jirgi mafi girma suka haɗu a kan capillaries na microscopic kuma inda tsarin siginar da muke sani yana kawo ƙarshen kuma kwayar halitta daban-daban ta fara, inda ka'idojin hydrostatics da hydrodynamics sun bambanta da na arteries na al'ada. veins. A nan, dukkanin matakai sun riga sun kusan matakin kwayoyin, saboda kawai kwayar jini guda ɗaya zata iya wucewa ta hanyar lumen capillary, da kuma erythrocytes (masu ɗaukar iskar oxygen) dole su "matsa" wuya. Don haka a nan ba mu da wani abu na jiki, jini-jini, amma tare da kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta.
Babban mahimmanci ga ikon wuta
Daga abin da aka fada a sama ya bayyana a fili cewa ko da tare da zuciya mai dacewa da kuma yaduwar jini ta hanyar jini a cikin tsarin kwayoyin jini, don dalilai daban-daban na iya zama rushewa, yawancin lokaci ba a gane shi ba. Rashin ƙwayoyin microcirculation da jihohi ana kiran su ne kawai lokacin da ake shafa capillaries, kuma tare da manyan jiragen ruwa duk abin da yake cikin tsari. Irin wadannan abubuwan mamaki ana kiran su nechemic, kuma hakan zai haifar da: rauni, gajiya, rage yawan aiki, matsalolin motsin rai, da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban na wasu kwayoyin halitta, mafi mahimmanci "wanda shine angina pectoris da sauransu.
Halin gaggawa
Akwai lokuta a lokuta da yawancin rashin lafiya na microcirculation, maimakon akasin haka, suna da kyau. Wani lokaci wani abu ne mai karewa na jiki, yana taimakawa wajen magance matsalar, wani lokaci kuma - halin da ake ciki mai hatsari ga lafiyar jiki har ma da rayuwa.
Rauni. Kowannenmu ya san daidai yadda ya dubi: na farko da rauni ya zama kodadde - vasoconstrictor jijiyoyi reacted. Sa'an nan kuma a kusa da akwai wani erythema - shi reflexively dilates capillaries da kananan tasoshin, da jini ya kwarara ya accelerates. Rashin ruwa daga cikin jini yana tafiya cikin sararin samaniya, akwai kumburi, jini yana yalwaci kuma yana fara coagulate, an kafa microthrombi - a ƙarshe, jinin jini a cikin gado mai kwakwalwa ya tsaya. Saboda haka, ciwo yana ciwo.
Abota. Rarraba na microcirculation an gane shi ne dalilin cututtuka masu tsabta a cikin maza.
Shock . Yanayin mafi wuya shine lokacin da microcirculation a cikin dukan gabobin ciki yana damuwa da zarar. Tsarin siginar jiki ba zai iya samar da isasshen kayan jiki da kyallen takalma tare da oxygen da na gina jiki (bayan cututtuka, rashin lafiya mai tsanani, kamuwa da cuta, ƙonewa mai tsanani, hadarin jini). Da farko dai, ƙwayar zuciya na ragewa sosai, kuma don kula da lalacewa a cikin matsin lamba, da jini yana aiki da sauri, bayan da jini ya gudana a cikin capillaries nan da nan ya ragu, an kafa microthrombi. Sa'an nan kuma akwai rikici na jini a cikin capillaries, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa sun fara shan wahala, abubuwa masu guba da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta sun haɗa a cikin kwayoyin halitta, saboda wannan ya zo da kamuwa da ƙananan capillaries: sun fara gudana ruwa, kamar sieve, kuma jini na jini ya shiga cikin kyallen. Saboda haka, jinin a cikin tasoshin ya zama ƙasa da zuciya a yanzu ba shi da komai. Kwayar cutar Cardiac ta fi sauƙi har ma da yawa - ƙin sanyi ya rufe. Saboda haka ne bayyanuwar tashin hankali: rauni, hanawa - kusan damuwa, raguwar saukar karfin jini na 80/25 mm Hg. Art. kuma a ƙasa, fatar jiki ne mai sanyi, kasa-mai launin toka, wani lokaci mai tsabta, m saboda zubar da jini a cikin capillaries, nau'i-nau'i-nau'i. A cikin kodan, fitowar fitsari yana tsayawa, a cikin hanta - aiki na abubuwa masu cutarwa, a cikin huhu - na numfashi na al'ada: guba na guba yana faruwa.
Makafi. A nan, cutar ta microcirculation a cikin jirgi na idanu rana ba shine dalilin ba, amma sakamakon cutar ciwon sukari. Rage hangen nesa ya dogara da mataki na ciwon sukari, sau da yawa marigayi kuma kusan ba za a iya magance su ba, amma ana iya hana ciwon sukari.
A halin yanzu, irin wannan jihar yana nuna hakikanin barazanar rayuwa, saboda haka, a cikin yaki da ƙalubalen, masu sake farfadowa suna mayar da kwayar halitta. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da shi: gudana daga jini zuwa kai da kwakwalwa. An cire matashin kai daga ƙarƙashin kai, an sanya shi karkashin ƙafafun - don haka kwarara jini zuwa kansa da kwakwalwa yana inganta.
Mai karfi vasoconstrictors: ephedrine, epinephrine, norepinephrine. A cikin al'ada, likitan zamani ba zai sanya su ba, ana amfani dasu ne kawai a cikin kulawa mai tsanani. Suna aiki a takaice kuma da sauri cikin jiki.