Binciki na yau da kullum zuwa masanin magungunan likitoci a lokacin haihuwa yana da mahimmanci, kamar yadda kwayoyin rigakafi ne, gwajin da dan jariri. Binciken farko na dubawa a cikin yara a karkashin shekara guda ana aiwatar da ita bayan haihuwa a asibiti don dalilin ganowar cututtuka na ido (glaucoma, retinoblastoma (ciwon ciki), cataracts, cututtuka na ƙwayar cuta na ido). Yara da aka haifa kafin wannan kalma suna nazarin alamun ƙwayar cutar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
Neman dubawa a cikin jariri ya kamata a yi a shekarun 1, 3, 6 da 12. Yana da mahimmanci a kan dangantaka da jarirai a hadarin, sun haɗa da yara:
- wanda iyayensu ko kuma ɗaya daga cikin su yana da lahani na gani;
- haife shi kafin lokacin;
- wanda dangi ke shan wahala daga glaucoma.
A lokacin jarrabawa, likita ya ja hankalin zuwa:
- eyelids, matsayinsu, motsi, launin fata, siffar da nisa na rata ido, mucous membranes, jihar conjunctiva. Harkokin cututtuka yana nufin juyawa da juyawa na fatar ido, da ragewan fatar ido na sama, yaduwar kwayoyin halitta, ƙonewa, janyewa da kuma ɗaukakar ido, da kasancewa da sikelin, itching;
- dalibi. Yawancin lokaci, baki, diamita ya bambanta dangane da haske - 0,15-0,25 cm A cikin shekaru 4-6, alama mai muhimmanci na hangen nesa ta al'ada a cikin jariri shine ƙuntatawa ga ɗaliban idanu tare da ɗaukar haske daga cikin haske;
- motsi da matsayi na eyesballs. Strabismus, nystagmus (ƙuƙwalwar idon ido), ƙayyadaddun motsi suna nuna zuwa ga pathology.
- hanyoyi masu haɗari da yanayin su. A al'ada na lacrimation kada ta kasance;
- launi mai launi. Yara fara fara gane launuka. Amma idan yaron ya rikita launuka (kore, ja, blue), to wannan ya halatta har shekaru uku;
- an duba shi a cikin shekaru 3-4 tare da taimakon teburin yara tare da masanin ophthalmologist.
Kwayoyin ido na al'ada da ganewar asali a cikin gwajin ido a cikin yara a karkashin shekara guda
Falsa da gaskiya strabismus
Irin wannan cin zarafin iyaye suna lura da kansu, amma gwani zai iya ba da cikakkiyar ganewar asali. Yawancin lokaci, bayyanar ido na idon yaron ne, amma wannan kuskure ne, wanda dalilin ya kasance a cikin siffofin fuska kuma an lura da shi tare da hanci mai zurfi. Yawan lokaci, girman hanci yana ƙaruwa, kuma abin da ke faruwa na ƙarya strabismus ya shuɗe. Bugu da ƙari, kuskuren ƙarya shine na kowa a cikin jarirai tun farkon shekarun saboda rashin tsiraicin tsarin su.
Idan dai yayin da wani masanin ilimin likitanci ya gwada ainihin strabismus, yana da muhimmanci don ƙayyade da kuma kawar da dalilan wannan cututtuka. In ba haka ba, ido daya zai fara aiki a matsayin jagora, kuma hangen nesa na ido na biyu zai fara raguwa a hanzari.
Kumburi na lacrimal jakar
Wannan matsala ta zama na kowa tare da mita na 10-15%. Kumburi na lacrimal sac, abin da ake kira dacryocystitis, tare da secretions daga idanu, teardrop, crusts a kan gashin ido. Sau da yawa, iyaye da wasu lokuta dan pediatricians kuskure sun yarda da wannan yanayin don bayyanar cututtuka na conjunctivitis. Sa'an nan yaron bai karbi magani mai kyau a lokaci ba kuma bayan bayan amfani da magungunan da ba shi da kyau a cikin ido na ido, sai ya shiga likita.
Eyes "taso kan ruwa"
Hannun jariri zai iya yin motsa jiki na wurare daban-daban da kuma amplitudes. Irin wannan launi na idanu ana kiransa nystagmus. Tare da wannan yanayin, ba'a mayar da hankali ga hoto mai kyau a kan retina ba, hangen nesa ya fara raguwa (amblyopia).
Matsaloli da mayar da hankali
Don ganin hangen nesa ya zama 100%, ya kamata a mayar da hoton a daidai lokacin da ido yake gani. Tare da babban motsi na ido, hotunan za a mayar da hankali kai tsaye a gaban dakatarwa. A wannan yanayin, sun ce game da myopia, ko, wanda ake kira, myopia. Tare da ƙananan ikon ƙarfin ido na ido, amma akasin haka, hotunan za a mayar da hankali a baya bayan baya, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin hyperopia, ko hypermetropia. Masanin ophthalmologist yana ƙayyade ikon da yake gani a cikin jariri a kowane zamani tare da taimakon manyan sarakunan da aka tsara.
Yarinya a ƙarƙashin shekaru 1 yana iya yin gyaran gyara don daidaitaccen haɗuwa tsakanin haɗi tsakanin maɓallin hoto a kan dakatarwa da kuma karɓar siginar ta kwakwalwar wannan don kada hangen nesa yaron ya fadi.