Coleus: bayanin.
Bayani na koleus ya kamata ya fara tare da gaskiyar cewa shrubs shrubs da shuke-shuken shuke-shuken herbaceous. Ganye daga cikin ƙafafun na daban, tare da petioles, suna da launuka masu yawa da alamu. Furen tsire-tsire suna cikin furen tsaka-tsalle a cikin kunne. Wasu nau'o'in (nau'o'in iri da siffofin nau'o'i na C. blumei) suna da lahani kamar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Ƙwararruwan sun bambanta daga wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ta hanyar saɓo. Suna son dakuna masu haske. A lokacin rani, ana sanya tukunya tare da cola mafi kyau a kan wani dandalin budewa ko terrace, a kan baranda. Ma'aikata suna girma sosai, saboda haka suna girma sosai.
Coleus: jinsuna.
Wasu nau'iyoyin ƙafafun suna da tsayi sosai. Saboda haka, za su iya kaiwa tsawo na 50-80 centimeters. Sauran iri, a akasin haka, ƙananan ne - kawai 10-15 cm. Ganye na shuka suna da kyau sosai: akasin haka, tare da gajeren ƙananan petioles. Mako, sau da yawa an rufe shi da ƙasa, rassan ganye sun bambanta da girman. Bugu da ƙari, suna da siffar tayarwa, shinge ko tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma gefuna mai banƙyama: daga ƙananan ƙwayoyi, daɗaɗɗun gefe don haɓaka ko zurfi. Ganye suna da launi iri ɗaya, yawanci suna motsa jiki, tare da ja, launin ruwan kasa, fari, mai duhu, launi, dige mai launi, ƙwayoyi, sutura ko alamu. Akwai nau'o'in da ganye suna da iyaka da yawa tare da gefen gefen.
Akwai kimanin nau'i nau'i nau'i 200 na shuka.
Kula da shuka.
Koleus shuke-shuke suna son haske mai haske. Girman haske da ake buƙata ta shuka ya dogara da launi na ganye. Saboda haka, ƙafafun da launuka masu haske (fari ko ja) sun fi sauƙi don jure wa hasken rana kai tsaye, misali, shuke-shuke da ganye mai duhu. Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a kudancin, gabas ko yammacin windows. A lokacin rani da kuma bazara, ƙananan ƙafafun zasu iya ƙonewa ko rasa turgor - wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar sun sami ƙarin haske. Don kauce wa ƙonawa ko turgor, ana bukatar shaded a cikin tsakar rana. Har ila yau wajibi ne a hankali a san tsire-tsire don hasken rana don kauce wa kunar rana a jiki.
Ma'aikata suna da kyau game da yanayin iska. A lokacin rani, tsire-tsire suna tsayayya da sauyawa a cikin range 16-25 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana amfani dasu a cikin zazzabi na 16-22 ° C. Idan iska ta iskar zafi a ƙasa 12 ° C, ganye na shuka zasu iya fada kuma zai mutu. Don asarar turgor zai iya haifar da zafi mai tsanani.
A tsawon lokaci daga kaka zuwa spring, ana shayar da Koleus tare da dan kadan, yana da ruwa mai laushi sosai, lokacin da saman saman ƙasa ya bushe dan kadan. Ruwan ruwa mai mahimmanci yana da kyawawa don maye gurbin ruwan sama. A cikin hunturu, shayar da matsakaici don hana bushewa na coma. Rashin danshi yana da muni ga motar - wannan yana da mummunan yanayin bayyanar launuka. Duk da haka, idan aka ajiye shuka a wani ƙananan zafin jiki (a 14-16 ° C da ƙasa), ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai.
Coleus tsire-tsire ne da ke son iska tare da matsanancin zafi. Ganye na shuka yana buƙatar ruwa na yau da kullum don yaduwa a dakin da zazzabi, m da taushi. A cikin hunturu, ƙafafun suna da hutawa, kuma suna daina cigaba da girma. A wannan lokaci, yana da kyau a sanya su a cikin ɗakin abinci ko a kowane ɗaki inda babban zafi da zafi.
Wheels suna girma a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani. A lokacin girma, dole ne a ciyar da su tare da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya tare da babban abun ciki na potassium (kowace lita na ruwa 0.3-0.5 g) mako-mako. A cikin hunturu, zaka iya takin takin sau ɗaya a cikin makonni 3-4 tare da kasafin bayani.
Furewa ba kayan ado ba saboda furanni da bilabial coronals ba su da tushe: lakabin baki shine launin blue-violet a launi, kuma ƙananan ƙananan, an tattara su a kunnuwan kunnuwan. Buds na tsire-tsire su ne mafi kyaun cirewa, kamar yadda tsire-tsire ke ciyarwa da yawa a kan flowering, saboda abin da ganye daga cikin ƙafafun ya fi karami.
Idan kun kullun da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, zai zama mafi ƙari. Kowace Fabrairu, yana da kyawawa don yanke ƙafafu a kan kututture, domin sabon ci gaban ya isa ya bar idanu 5-8.
Coleus-annuals ba sa bukatar dashi. A wasu lokuta, ana shuka shuka a kowane biyu zuwa uku. Koleusy kamar lowly acidic ko tsaka tsaki ƙasa (pH = 6-7). Zai fi kyau a dauki cakuda bishiyoyi (4 h), humus (2 h), turf ƙasa (4 h), peat (1 h) da yashi (1 h). A kasan tanki kana buƙatar saka magudi mai kyau.
Sauyawa sukan haifar da sau da yawa ta hanyar cututtuka, wasu lokuta ta hanyar tsaba, don hana tsagawa kuma kada su rage kayan ado na ganye.
Rukunin ƙafafun ƙananan ƙananan (3,500 guda suna da kashi 1 g). Shuka na fara daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu, aka shuka a kananan bowls, yafa masa yashi. An cire suturar zuwa cikin dakin, yawan zazzabi a cikin iska shine 20-22 ° C. Tuni a kan ranar 14th-18th za a yi harbe, bayan haka dole ne a canza seedlings a cikin tankuna kuma a dasa su a nesa da 2 zuwa 2 centimeters. Cakuda yana dauke da wadannan: a daidai sassa leaf, peat, turf da yashi. Lokacin da na farko 1-2 ganye ya bayyana, da ƙafafun suna transplanted a cikin tukwane bakwai-centimeter cika da wannan ƙasa cakuda, daya a lokaci guda. Bayan wata daya ana tsire tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane da diamita 9-11 cm sannan ana samar da injin tare da hasken lantarki mai dacewa, daidaitaccen watering. Don raɗawa, an samo samfurin samfurori. Bayan watanni 5-6, masu koyo sun sayi kayan ado.
Yanke sassa daga Fabrairu zuwa Mayu, an dasa shuki a cikin akwati da yashi. Sun dauki tushe tun bayan kwanaki 8-12, bayan haka za'a buƙaci cututtuka a cikin tukunya tara da tara tare da irin abin da ke cikin ƙasa kamar lokacin shuka tsaba. Gwaran da harbe su ne mafi kyawun tsunkule. Bugu da ari, ana bada shuka tare da kulawa mai kyau: daidai watering, zazzabi (16-18 ° C), samun iska, hasken wuta. Ma'aikata suna girma sosai. Yayin da yawan ƙaruwa tare da taimakon cuttings, bayan watanni uku za ka iya samun samfuri mai launi tare da manyan ganye. Bayan watanni uku, an tura masu kwakwalwa a cikin tukwane da kimanin centimetimita 11.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu.
Mai tushe zai iya fallasa daga kasa. Wannan abu ne na al'ada ga mahalarta. Idan har yanzu ƙirar yarinya ne, to, za a iya haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar rashin hasken ko ba tare da izini ba.
- Ganye ya rasa launi fiye da hasken rana.
- Ƙananan zai iya fadawa duka marasa dacewa kuma tare da rage yawan ruwa.
- Gidan zai iya tasowa lokacin da rashin haske.
- Mai hadari ga koleusov bin kwari: aphids, gizo-gizo mite da whitefly.