Hoton hoto
Magungunan cututtukan jiki na jiki shine:
- ciwon kai;
- rashin hankali na gani (misali, hangen nesa biyu);
- asarar kwatsam na hangen nesa ɗaya;
- ciwo da dama a cikin jaw ko kunnuwa a yayin da ake shawa - kiyaye a cikin kashi 50 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya;
- taushi na fata na farfadowa.
Kimanin kashi hudu cikin lokuta, arteritis tare da haɓakar polymyalgia (cututtukan da ke fama da ciwo da kuma tsokar da tsokoki na kafada da ƙyallen pelvic). Wani lokaci hotunan cututtuka na rashin lafiya ne mai tsananin zafi, tare da kwatancin irin waɗannan cututtuka kamar gajiya, damuwa, zazzabi mai tsawo, hasara da kuma ci. Samun asali na farko na cututtuka na jiki yana rage yawan haɗarin ɓatarwa. Dalili don ganewar asali shine yawan bayanan jarrabawa da kuma sakamakon gwajin jini. Bayan gwadawa, likita ya jawo hankalin zuwa ga ciwon daji a cikin maganin ta jiki da kuma ragewa ko rashin shi.
Binciken
- Binciken na oculist.
- Gwajin jini - yawanci anaemia na matsayi mai kyau da kuma tayi na platelets an gano. Alamar alama mai mahimmanci shine karuwa mai yawa a cikin ESR (saurin suturar erythrocytes) fiye da 50 ml / h. Duk da haka, a cikin kimanin kashi 10 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya, ESR zai iya kasancewa a cikin iyakokin al'ada, yana da wuyar ganewa.
- Rashin gadi na biotery. Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, yana da kyau don gudanar da wani biopsy na bangon launi na jiki. Wannan hanya ta ƙunshi jigon ƙananan ƙwayar maganin da ke ƙarƙashin fata, a ƙarƙashin ƙwayar cuta ta gida. An samo samfurin halittu wanda aka samo asali don kasancewa da canje-canje na flammatory, da kuma manyan kwayoyin halittu masu yawa (wanda ya sa sunan giant cell arteritis). Kusan kashi 20 cikin dari na marasa lafiya tare da rheumatic polymyalgia suna da maganin cutar biopsy a cikin jiki mai kama da wadanda aka lura a marasa lafiya tare da arteritis ta jiki. Wani lokaci magungunan kwayar halitta yana haifar da sakamakon mummunar sakamako, wanda zai iya kasancewa saboda kasancewar wuraren da ba'a canzawa ba ko farawa ta hanyar maganin steroid.
Sakamakon abubuwan da ke haifar da arteritis ba'a rigaya an sake su ba. Akwai tsammanin cewa wannan cuta tana hade da maganin rashin lafiyar jiki a cikin ganuwar arteries. An yi imanin cewa wata irin wannan tsari yana shafar ƙaddamar da polymyalgia rheumatic. Asarar hangen nesa a cikin arteritis ta jiki shi ne saboda thrombosis na jini jini. Rashin ciwo na gani da ciwo a cikin jaw suna hade da ƙuntatawa na rage jini. Bayanin da ke nuna cewa cutar ba ta samuwa. Labaran lalacewa ba cutar bane. Duk da haka, bambance-bambance na bambanci tsakanin ɓarna suna nuna cewa jigilar kwayoyin halitta zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gabanta. Tare da tsabtace jiki mai tsabtace jiki yana kiyaye bayan kwana biyu ko uku na maganin tare da babban asarar steroid. A hadarin wahalar hangen nesa, wasu kwararru sun bada shawarar farawa jiyya tare da steroid. A lokacin da ke tasowa ciwo na gani, za a bada shawarar maganin prednisolone a kashi 60 na kowace rana. Tare da arteritis ta jiki, yana da muhimmanci kada a dakatar da farawar magani har sai an sami sakamakon biopsy. Dole ne a yi amfani da biopsy na halitta a wuri-wuri. A lokacin makon farko na maganin steroid, sakamakonsa zai iya zama tabbatacce.
Tsarin lokaci mai tsawo
A farkon sakamako mai kyau na jiyya, kashi na steroid din hankali ya rage zuwa matakin kulawa kadan (7.5-10 MG kowace rana). Wannan na ƙwarai yana rage hadarin sakamakon lalacewar steroid (misali, osteoporosis ko rage juriya ga cututtuka). A wasu lokuta, magungunan immunosuppressants (alal misali, azathioprine ko methotrexate) an umarce su a maimakon steroid, akasarin marasa lafiya wadanda ke shawo kan cutar corticosteroids. Don hana yaduwar cutar ya kamata ya wuce shekaru biyu.
Don bincika tasiri na jiyya an yi shi:
- kallon lokaci-lokaci na tsananin bayyanar cututtuka;
- Sarrafa ESR a cikin hanzari.
Mahimmin bincike shine ya dogara da lokaci na farkon jiyya. Idan akwai rashin kuskuren gani na ainihi, yiwuwar samun cikakken dawowa ƙananan ne. Duk da haka, a kan bayan magani, ingantaccen aikin cigaba na iya gani. Ci gaba da cutar bayan da farko na steroid far ne mai yiwuwa. Rage kashi na steroid zai iya haifar da sake dawowa cutar. Duk da haka, haɗarin sake dawowa ya rage bayan shekara daya da rabi na jiyya, ko kuma shekara ɗaya ko fiye bayan ƙarewa. Ana samun cikakkiyar gyarawa bayan shekaru biyu daga farkon magani.
Abun ƙwayar cuta
Rashin jima'i na al'ada yana tasowa a cikin mutane fiye da shekaru 50. Mata suna rashin lafiya sau biyu sau da yawa a matsayin maza. Rashin jigilar cututtuka na jiki ya bambanta daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. A matsakaici, a tsakanin mutane da suka wuce shekaru 50, abin da ya faru shine 0.49-23.3 lokuta da yawan 100 000 a kowace shekara.