Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes su ne kwayoyin jinin jini, wanda, godiya ga dauke da su, sunadaran gina jiki - haemoglobin, suna aiki a cikin jikin abubuwa uku: aikin sufuri, tsari da kariya.
Akwai wasu ka'idodi na yawan erythrocytes cikin jini ga maza (4,0-5,01012 / l) da mata (3,9-4,7 / l). Wannan sigar ta ƙaddara ta gwajin jini. Hakanan zai yiwu a duka wurare.
Yadda aka shirya jini
Jinin shi ne matsakaiciyar ruwa wadda take aiki da motsa jiki da aiki a cikin jiki.
Ƙungiyoyin da dama sun shiga cikin wadannan matakai:
jan kasusuwa;
Rumbun hanyoyi;
thymus gland (thymus);
yalwata, hanta da kodan. Babban mu'ujjizan hematopoiesis (hemopiesis) yana faruwa ne a cikin kututtukan launuka mai launin launin fata: akwai cewa akwai kwayoyin sifofi na musamman da ake kira sel guda daya (PUK). Duk "ƙudan zuma masu aiki" na jini - ainihin ginin ginin, wato, kayansa masu sifofi: jinsin jinin jini, leukocytes, platelets, sun samo asali. Tsarin rai na kwayoyin jini daban-daban daga 1C zuwa 120 days. Bayan wannan lokaci, sassan da suka cika aikin su ya kamata a cire su kuma su cire su daga jiki. Wannan yayi magana da "maƙalai" na musamman - ƙwarƙwara, hanta da kodan. A maimakon 'yan mayaƙan da aka yi ritaya sun shiga sabon sabbin. Sabili da haka duk rayuwata.
Tsaro
Kasance da takamaiman bayani da kuma rashin daidaituwa.
Erythrocytosis
Wannan shine karuwa a cikin yawan kwayoyin jinin jini a kowace jujjuya na jini, babban sashin kwayoyin halitta. Erythrocytosis yana da isasshen isa (yawanci wata alama ce ta wasu cututtuka). Hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa su ne:
babbar erythrocytosis (gaskiya polycythemia);
na biyu erythrocytosis.
Yanayin da abin ya faru: "erythrocytosis" high-altitude "(tasirin halittar jiki na jikin jini a lokacin da yake da tsawo);
wasu iri iri na jiki;
cututtukan zuciya;
m tumo (koda);
cuta mai ruɗar cuta na kullum;
Dama ciwo, erythropenia da anemia.
Wannan shi ne rage a cikin ƙwayar jinin jini. Erythropenia, a matsayin mai mulkin, alama ce ta cutar jini mafi yawan jini - anemia (a wani - anemia).
Wannan karuwa a cikin jini - babban magunguna na yawan haemoglobin (al'ada na 130-160 g / l ga maza da 120-150 g / l ga mata), wanda a mafi yawan lokuta matakin jinin jini ya rage.
Dalilin anemia:
asarar jini (tare da raunin da ya faru, cututtuka, cututtuka na yau da kullum, hawan haila mai nauyi);
cuta na tsarin na rigakafi ko aiki na gindin endocrine;
ciki;
anatomophysiological immaturity daga cikin gabobin hematopoiesis (misali, a cikin yara na farko shekara na rayuwa), da dai sauransu.
Cikin zuciya mafi yawan mahimmanci shine cin zarafin "samar" na hemoglobin. Don hada shi ba tare da komai ba kuma a cikin adadi mai kyau, jiki yana buƙatar: ƙarfe, furotin, bitamin B6, bitamin B12 da bitamin B7 (folic acid). Rashin akalla daya daga cikinsu yana haifar da ragu a matakin hemoglobin. Alamar alamar anemia shine alamar fatar jiki da kuma general lethargy. Idan ba ku je likita a lokaci ba, kuna iya samun karin alamun bayyanar cututtuka:
kumburi na extremities;
rage yawan ci;
zawo ko ƙarfafawa;
bushe fata, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙusoshi, dullness da gashi hasara;
seizures a sasanninta ko stomatitis;
shortness na numfashi, tachycardia, systolic murmure.
Idan akwai cutar anemia, sanyi zai iya zama mai sau da yawa, ƙila za ku iya dandanawa da abin da ya kamata ku yi amfani da shi (kuna so ku daɗa launi ko filasta, ku ci abinci marar rai - dankali, nama, kullu ko hatsi, shayar da ƙanshin ƙanshi - paints, acetone, varnish).
Abin da za ku yi
Mafi yawan nau'in anemia shine nauyin ƙarfe. Idan an gano, da farko ya zama wajibi ne don tabbatar da abinci mai kyau da tsarin mulki.
Kayan girke-rubuce daga anemia
3 kananan bishiyoyi ba a yanka ba, zuba lita 1 na ruwa mai ruwa, tafasa minti 10. a kan zafi kadan, nace rabin sa'a kuma kara zuma. Gilashin 1 sau 2-3 a rana
300 g na tafarnuwa ta wuce ta nama grinder, zuba 1 lita na barasa, infuse 2-3 makonni da kuma kai 20 saukad da a cikin madara sau 3 a rana. Da safe da maraice haɗiye duk (don yalwata ƙanshi) a kan komai a ciki don karamin kananan alkamar kananan yara guda hudu;
Jerin samfurori daga abin da abincin ya kamata ya ƙunshi shi ne mai yawa. Wannan shi ne abinci mai gina jiki (nama), da hatsi (oatmeal-oatmeal, buckwheat, gero, oatmeal, legumes), da kayan lambu (tushen faski, alayyafo, dill, karas, beets, tumatir, faski), da 'ya'yan itatuwa (citrus, blackcurrant , peaches, apricots, cherry plums, pears, apples), da dried 'ya'yan itatuwa (dried apricots, raisins, kwanakin). Gurasa ma yana da amfani daga gari na gari, zuma da almonds. Idan jikin ya sami raunin baƙin ƙarfe mai tsanani, abin da ya fi dacewa ya fi dacewa akan kayan nama: sun ƙunshi siffar heme (ƙarfe, hade da gina jiki). Ya kamata ka yi la'akari da daidaituwa da samfurori. Saboda haka, an san cewa wasu daga cikinsu suna tsangwama tare da assimilation na baƙin ƙarfe (shayi, bran, fats, da dairy da gari gari a haɗe tare da nama), yayin da wasu, a akasin haka, taimako (orange da kuma ruwan tumaki, broccoli).
... Ko allunan don abincin rana?
Daya abinci mai kyau don anemia ba makawa. Yana da kyawawa don shan wata hanya ta farfajiya tare da shirye-shirye na baƙin ƙarfe. Dole ne a dauki magungunan kawai a kan takardar likita kuma a karkashin kulawa bayan binciken farko (ƙananan jarrabawar: jarrabawar jini, magani na baƙin ƙarfe, ferritin, transferrin).
Leukocytes
Kwayoyin jinin jini sune jinsin jinin jini wanda aka raba zuwa iri iri:
Granoisocytes (granular); neutrophils; eosinophils; basophils.
Agranooocytes (wanda ba a shuka ba); lymphocytes; monocytes.
Babban manufar dukkanin leukocytes shine sa hannu a wasu nau'o'in kariya ta jiki daga magungunan kasashen waje masu cutarwa (na kare tsaro, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, ci gaba da tsarin, da sauransu). Haka kuma ga erythrocytes, ga leukocytes akwai wasu al'ada da yawa a cikin jini (4.0 - 9,0109 / l). Tun da yake leukocytes suna cikin tsarin kare lafiyar jiki, raunin su yana fama da gwagwarmaya ta jiki tare da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban. Kuma sakamakon ba shi da tabbas.
Ciwon sankarar bargo: kada ku kuskure lokacin
Yawancin cututtuka da suka haifar da canji a cikin yawan leukocytes na kowane nau'i ne cutar sankarar bargo (cutar sankarar bargo) - wani rukuni na cututtukan cututtuka na tsarin hematopoiesis, wanda wasu lokuta sukan haɗa kansu da sunan suna "ciwon jini". Maganar cutar ita ce maye gurbi da ƙwayar launuka na kasusuwan da ke da alhakin hemopoiesis (wato, samar da jini). Dan hatsarin cutar sankarar bargo shi ne cewa a farkon matakan da ba su nuna ba - gajiya ta kara ƙaruwa (kowa ya gaji!), Ina son barci a rana (don haka rashin lafiya ya isa!), Yana da wuyar numfasawa kuma kaina yana kullun (abin da ilimin kimiyya ya san abin da!). Sakamakon cutar sankarar bargo ba a fahimta sosai ba. Shawarar lokuta idan aka kawo cutar ta hanyar gado, don haka idan akwai cutar ciwon jini a cikin iyali (har ma a rassan gefen), ya kamata ka kula da lafiyarka sosai: je likita a kowane lokaci kuma a gwada jini don alamar cutar sankarar bargo. Akwai haɗuwa ga tsarin maganin ciwon daji na jini, wanda aka gudanar a cibiyoyi na musamman.
Platelets
Platelets ne faranti jini, babban aikin shine ya daina zub da jini (hemostasis).
Bugu da ƙari, plalets suna shiga cikin kare jikin daga ma'aikatan waje: sun mallaki aikin haɓaka, sune tushen lysozyme da p-lysines, suna iya lalata membranes daga wasu kwayoyin cuta, kuma sun saki cikin jini wasu magunguna wadanda suka kare jiki daga samun pathogens.
Akwai wasu sharuɗɗa don kiyaye kayan ado a cikin jini (180-360 109 / l). Kwayoyi masu yiwuwa ne a duk wurare biyu, amma yanayin rashin lafiyar shine kawai ragewa a cikin adadin thrombocytes, wato, thrombocytopenia. Kamar dukkanin cututtuka da ke hade da platelets, thrombocytopenia yana da dangantaka da hemostasis - tsari na dakatar da jini. Tare da taimakon thrombocytes, abin da ake kira vascular-platelet hemostasis ya cika. An kakkarya, to a jikin jikin mutum yana da ciwo da dama da hasara, ƙananan jini yana ƙaruwa (kuma, yiwuwar, uterine, renal, gastric, da dai sauransu).
Hemostasis: matakan biyu
Ko dai jini "yana da maimaita" sosai - saboda jinin jini wanda ba zai yiwu ba a cikin jini (thrombosis, infarction na katakon jini, bugun jini) ko kuma, akasin haka, yana da matukar wuya a dakatar da (hemophilia wani cuta ne wanda ke shafar mutane kawai). Wadannan cututtuka suna hadewa ba kawai tare da hemostasis na vascular-platelet. Tare da halartar kawai kayan abincin, jini mai tsanani da ke haɗuwa da lalata manyan jini (arteries, veins, arterioles) ba za a iya dakatar da shi ba. A nan, wani tsarin hemostasis ya shiga aiki - hemostasis plasma (haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin plasma coagulation factors). Abin farin ciki, cututtukan hemostatic sunfi yawa fiye da sauran cututtukan cututtukan jini.
Mene ne autohemotherapy
Hanyar hanyar maganin cututtukan cututtuka (misali, furunculosis da kuraje, wanda ba za'a iya gyara) ba. Ya ƙunshi cikin intramuscular ko subcutaneous allura na jini mai karfin jini dauke daga vein (wani lokaci a haɗa tare da farfadowa farfadowa). Sabili da haka, ana kiyaye nauyin jiki na jiki kuma an inganta matakai na rayuwa. Ana bada shawara ga marasa lafiya wanda aka hana su maganin rigakafi. Babban yanayin - ya kamata a yi aikin gwani na gwani.
Wani irin jini, menene mara lafiya
Akwai rahotanni cewa mutanen da ke da jini daban-daban suna da saukin kai ga cututtuka daban-daban:
Rukunin I: m ulcer da ciwon duodenal;
Rukuni na II: cututtukan ciwon sukari, ciwon ciki da kuma cututtuka na jini, ƙarar jini mai karuwa, bi da bi, ciwon zuciya da bugun jini;
III rukuni: ciwon daji na ciwon;
Rukunin IV: cututtuka na zuciya da cututtuka, anemia.