Menene cholesterol?
Hanyoyin halitta, cholesterol yana daya daga cikin manyan wakilan sterols - kwayoyin halitta na ƙungiyar steroid na abubuwa masu ilimin halitta. Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, yana daukan ɓangaren kai tsaye a cikin metabolism.
Duk da haka, cholesterol kuma yana da kaddarorin iri iri. Saboda haka babban abun ciki zai iya haifar da ci gaban atherosclerosis. Matsayi mai girma na abun ciki cikin jinin za'a iya kiyaye shi a cikin ciwon sukari, gout, hauhawar jini, hypothyroidism, kiba, rikicewar rikice-rikicen ƙwayar cuta, cututtuka da hanta da sauran cututtuka. Akwai kuma ƙananan ƙwayar cholesterol, alal misali, tare da cututtuka masu zuwa: cututtuka mai tsanani da cututtukan zuciya, ciwon zuciya mai tsanani da jini mai haɗari a hanta, da dama cututtuka, hyperthyroidism.
Cholesterol baya rushe a cikin ruwa, amma zai iya narkewa a cikin abubuwa irin su barasa, esters, acetone, sauran sauran kwayoyin halitta, da kuma kayan inji da dabba. Babban muhimman kwayoyin cutar cholesterol a cikin ikonsa na samar da esters lokacin da yayi amsa da acid mai. Tare da irin wannan motsi, ana ganin bayyanar wani fili mai launi mai ƙyalƙyali - wannan dukiya kuma ana amfani da shi don samun gwajin jini don cholesterol.
Cholesterol ayyuka
Cholesterol yana da nau'o'in ayyukan aikin ilimin lissafin jiki - yana samar da bile acids a cikin jiki, jima'i da corticosteroid hormones, bitamin D3.
An ƙunshe a cikin kowane tantanin jikin mutum, yana goyon bayan nau'arsu. Kasancewa a cikin ƙwayoyin cell membranes, yana tabbatar da cewa za su iya zama cikakke ga dukan abubuwa da suke shigar da tantanin halitta kuma su fita. Ya kuma shiga cikin tsarin gudanarwa da ayyukan tantanin halitta.
Tsarin lalacewa da kuma kawar da toxins daga jiki kuma yana faruwa tare da haɓakar cholesterol. Juya zuwa cikin bile acid, shi ne ɓangare na bile kuma yana ɗaukar wani ɓangare na aiki wajen sarrafa abinci. Hanyoyin cututtuka da ke haifar da rushewar da aka samu da kuma sakin cholesterol, wanda ke haifar da riƙewa cikin jini da kuma shaidawa a cikin nau'i na atherosclerotic a cikin jini.
A lokacin kimanin kimanin miliyon 500 na cholesterol a cikin jikin mutum an yi amfani da shi don biyan acid, kimanin yawan adadin ya fito tare da feces, tare da fata fata - kimanin 100 MG.
"Amfani" da "cholesterol" cutarwa
Cholesterol wani ɓangare ne na ƙwayoyin sunadaran gina jiki (lipoprotein) na jini na mutum da dabba. Mun gode wa wadannan ɗakunan da aka canja shi zuwa kayan kyama da gabobin. Abin da ake kira lipoprotein ƙwayoyin ƙananan (LDL) a jikin tsofaffi sun ƙunshi kusan kashi 70 cikin dari na cholesterol, kimanin 9-10% yana cikin ɓangaren ƙananan lipoproteins (VLDL), kuma game da 20-24% na cholesterol dauke da lipoproteins mai girma (HDL) . LDL ne ke inganta ci gaban siffofin atherosclerotic wanda ke haifar da atherosclerosis. Yana cikin abun da ke ciki na LDL kuma shine "cholesterol" mai cutarwa.
Amma HDL yana da sakamako na anti-atherosclerotic. Nazarin ya nuna cewa kasancewarsa a cikin jinin wasu dabbobin da basu sa su bunkasa atherosclerosis. Saboda haka, HDL yana dauke da "cholesterol" mai amfani, wanda aka canja zuwa gare su don catabolism a cikin hanta.
A baya, an yi imani da cewa duk cholesterol shine dalilin atherosclerosis, don haka likitoci sun kawo shawarar rage amfani da abinci tare da babban abun ciki. A yau an riga an san cewa dalili na cigaban atherosclerosis shine ainihin dabbobin dabba wanda shine tushen LDL, kuma waxanda suke da wadata a cikin fatty acid. Atherosclerosis kuma yana haifar da carbohydrates, wanda saukewa da jiki suke tunaninsa, waxanda suke cikin adadi mai yawa a cikin sassaka, buns. Amma ci gaban kayan lambu a cikin abincin mutum, wanda shine tushen HDL, wato, "cholesterol" mai amfani, yana da matukar muhimmanci, saboda shine rigakafin atherosclerosis.
Tsarin al'ada na cholesterol cikin jini
Game da duk wani abu da yake cikin jini, cholesterol yana da ka'idojinta na musamman don abubuwan da ke ciki, yayin da mutane suna da ƙari. Saboda haka yawancin cholesterol ya kasance a matakin 3.0-6.0 mmol / L, matakin al'ada "cholesterol" (LDL) shine 1.92-4.82 mmol / l da "amfani" (HDL) - 0.7- 2.28 mmol / l.