Idan kayi cikakken kiyaye dukkanin yanayin gonar begonia, to, tsire-tsire ta shafi cututtuka da cututtuka da kwari. A mafi yawan lokuta, cututtuka da kwari na begonias ana kiyaye su a cikin greenhouse da kuma a karkashin yanayi mara kyau.
Cututtuka da za su iya shafar begonia
Rawan gira yana cike da begonia kuma yana yadawa a babban zafin jiki da kuma zafi mai zafi. A kan ganyayyaki, harbe da furanni na tsire-tsire mai laushi mai ruwan fari tare da launin launin fata. A sakamakon haka, waɗannan launi suna rufe launin ruwan kasa. Mai tushe na shuka a cikin wannan yanayin ya juya, kuma ganyayyaki sun juya baki da karkatarwa. Don dakatar da wannan cututtukan, dole a shuka shuka tare da cakuda-sabulu (2 grams na jan karfe sulfate da bayani na ruwa tare da wanke wanke - 20 grams da lita na ruwa). Idan akwai mummunar lalacewar furen, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da furotin.
M ga shuka powdery mildew. Yana rinjayar dukan tsire-tsire (ɓangaren sama). Na farko ya bayyana a jikin ganye tare da fararen fata, bayan bayanan da aka shimfiɗa zuwa ga dukan shuka. Ganye ya yi raguwa da hankali. Dakin inda flower ke tsiro ya kamata ventilated da kyau lit. Don kawar da wannan cututtuka, yi amfani da spraying na shuka tare da jan karfe-sabulu bayani - sabulu sabulu narkar da a cikin wani lita na ruwa (20 grams) da kuma 2 grams na jan karfe sulfate. Har ila yau, wani soda bayani (da lita na ruwa 5 grams na soda) ma tasiri. An shuka shi da wani bayani na potassium permanganate (5 grams da lita 10 na ruwa).
Yayin da begonia ya ci nasara a jikin wani ɓangare na kwayoyin cuta, ƙananan ramin ruwa sun kasance a gefen ɓangaren ganye. Tare da yaduwar cutar, ganye suka zama launin ruwan kasa, da furanni da petioles na ganye sun juya baki. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a lalata shuke-shuke da ya shafi abin ya shafa, dole ne a sake gurɓata ƙasa. Don hana cututtuka na kwayan cuta, begonia ya kamata a fesa tare da dakatar da jan karfe chloride (0.5%). Maimaita wannan magani a cikin makonni biyu.
Rashin kwari masu tsari don begonias
Don begonias, kula da kwaro mai hatsari ne. Wannan ƙananan kwari ne (3-4 mm tsawo). Matar mace ce mai laushi, ba tare da motsawa ba, tare da ƙunƙun magunguna. An rufe shi da haske launin ruwan kasa garkuwa da waxy secretions. Gurasar kwari tana da sauki har sai sun haɗu da shuka. A mafi yawancin lokuta, waɗannan kwari suna zaune a cikin kwakwalwa da gefuna na ganye, mai tushe da petioles, sakamakon abin da ganye ya gurɓata kuma ya gano. Idan kwari sun karu da karfi, begonia an rufe su da sugary. A kan irin wannan ajiya, damuwa mai duhu da sogi fungi zai yada. Ciwon da ya shafi abin ya shafa ya yi girma. A cikin yanayi na greenhouse, irin wannan kwari yana haifar da shekara, yana ba da shekaru 3-4.
A gida da kuma cikin makircin gonar, wadannan matakan da aka dauka don magance mastitis. Da hannu, tare da goga mai laushi, an tsabtace inji da kuma wanke tare da jiko na pyrethrum ko tafarnuwa (10 grams da lita na ruwa). Bayan makonni biyu, ana maimaita magani. A cikin greenhouse begonia an fesa tare da bayani na 0.1% hostakvik, 0.1% actinel, 0.2% chlorophos. Ana kuma maimaita magani a kan larvae bayan makonni 2-3. Ya kamata a gudanar da magani daga watan Afrilu zuwa Satumba.
The whitefly ne quite hatsari ga begonia. Yana da karamin kwari wanda zai lalata ganye. Yaran da aka ajiye ta mace an kafa su a gefen baya na leaf. Daga begonia sun shayar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, sakamakon haka, ganye suna juya launin rawaya kuma suna fada daga flower. Da kyau don sarrafa launin fata, wani bayani na sabulu (40 grams da lita 10 na ruwa) ana amfani. Sada shuka a kai a kai, har sai an lalatar da kwaro.
Young harbe, furanni da kuma ganye begonia lalata da aphids, wanda tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shuke-shuke. Saboda haka, ganye, tare da buds da furanni sun fadi. Aphids kuma suna yadawa a gefen ɓangaren ganye, suna barin sassan sukari a baya. Kariya ga wannan kwaro na iya amfani da jiko na lambun dankalin turawa (na tsawon sa'o'i 4, ya nace kilogram na ganye cikin lita 10 na ruwa). Amfani da aphids shine bayani na sabulu na gidan (lita 10 na ruwa 200 grams sabulu). Zaka kuma iya amfani da jiko na albasa kwasfa (10 lita na dumi ruwa da 200 grams na peeled albasa). Zaka iya narke 10 lita na dumi ruwa tare da 100 grams na tafarnuwa da 100 grams na albasa. Sanya shuka tare da wannan bayani an bada shawarar sau uku.