Aukuba ne tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ganyayyaki na fata ne, kuma ana fure furanni a cikin bunch kuma suna da launi mai launin launin fata. Akwai wani shuka a Korea, Japan, Sin da Himalayas. Yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da Jafananci Aukuba. Game da tsire-tsire na gida aukuba Jafananci a yau kuma za a tattauna.
Aukube aka ba sunan na biyu "itace na zinari", saboda tsire-tsire yana da ban mamaki cewa masu yawa masu ziyara da ke gabashin Asia suna kulawa da wannan shrub. Jafananci sun fi son wannan shuka sosai kuma suna ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin hana shi fitarwa daga kasar. Duk da haka, a ƙarshen karni na XVII ya yiwu ya kawo mai aukuba zuwa Turai. Tsire-tsire ya girma, ya fure, ya ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda ba su da ɗa. Aukuba itace tsire-tsire. An kawo wannan shuka ne mace kuma saboda rashin namijin namiji, pollination bai yi aiki ba. Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, magungunan Vanunist Fortune har yanzu ya kawo namiji, daga wannan lokaci aukuba kuma ya fara yadu a matsayin mai ado na gida.
A karo na farko da Japan ta fara fitowa a Turai a 1783. Aukuba ne sauƙin yaduwa da cuttings da tsaba. Dangane da sabon abu mai sauƙi da sauƙi, tsire-tsire ta yada a cikin ƙasa. An yadu yadu don yin ado da ɗakuna da greenhouses. Musamman sabon abu ne jinsunan da kyau ganye, wanda akwai wani tsari na rawaya kananan ko manyan spots. Irin wannan samfurin a kan ganye yana sa ya yi kama da dutse mai launin zinari ko wani yanki na tsiran alade. Saboda wannan kwatanta tsakanin mutane, ana kiransa wannan "tsutse" ko "itace na zinariya".
Iri
Aukuba Himalayan wani tsire-tsire ne, shrubs wanda zai iya girma har zuwa mita 4. Gidan mazaunan Himalaya a tsakiyar tsakiyar Asia. Sakamakon wannan jinsin yana da siffofi iri iri, alal misali, lanceolate ko kwance-tsalle-tsalle, dentate ko jigon baki, yana faruwa a jimla na dogon lokaci - ko gajeren, nuna, yawancin launin kore. Fure da aucuba tare da ƙananan furanni, ba tare da wata alama ba. Furen unisexual, namiji da mace suna samuwa a kan samfurori daban-daban.
Jawabin Japan aukuba wani tsirrai ne mai ban sha'awa, wanda aka saba da shi, ya kasance sanannun mutane da yawa a kasar Japan da China. Wannan jinsin yana kama da daji tare da tsire-tsire mai laushi wanda akwai bishiyoyi masu launin fata, sun kai tsawon 20 cm, da nisa na 6 cm. Ganye suna da haske, ana iya gani ko duka, suna da kwari. Akwai nau'o'in iri guda biyu tare da rassan bishiyoyi guda ɗaya, kuma tare da launi na motley - yana da kyan gani wanda ke haifar da hasken rana a kan ganye. Godiya ga wannan, mutanen garin sun karbi sunan "itace na zinariya". Tsire-tsire na furanni a kananan furanni, wanda aka samo a cikin gashin gashi, suna da orange ko haske mai launi. Flowers su ne guda-jima'i, dioecious da hudu membered. Ovary yawanci guda-caved, tare da daya ovate, tare da taqaitaccen lokacin farin ciki shafi da kuma kuskuren stigma. A berries suna da haske orange mai haske, tare da kafa wreath daga wani lagging kofin. Tsarin, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana kan iyakar endosperm tare da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta.
Kula da shuka
Aukuba - tsire-tsire ba su da kyau, suna da kyau da kuma yanayin dumi. Yawanci aukuba suna son penumbra, amma yana da kyau a cikin ɗakunan da ke da kyau. Fiye da sauƙi inuwa an canja shi zuwa iri iri tare da ganyayyaki mai launi. Domin shafukan da aka canza don rike launin su, suna bukatar samar da haske.
Don ci gaba da bunkasa aukuba kana buƙatar kula da zafin jiki mai matsakaici. A lokacin rani, dole ne ka tabbatar da cewa yawan zafin jiki ba ya tashi sama da digiri 20, in ba haka ba shuka zai rasa ganye ba kuma ya tsufa. A wannan lokacin, ana iya daukar shuka a baranda ko gonar, amma dole ne don kare shi daga hasken rana, ruwan sama da iska. A tsakiyar kaka, za a saukar da zazzabi zuwa digiri 14, kuma a cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya bambanta daga 8 zuwa 14 digiri, amma ba kasa da digiri 5 ba. In ba haka ba, injin zai fara zubar da ganye. Idan ba zai yiwu ba don samar da irin waɗannan yanayi kuma ana ajiye aukuba a cikin yanayin ɗakunan ajiya, to, injin yana bukatar haske mai kyau da kuma ladabi na yau da kullum.
A lokacin rani, dole ne a shayar da yalwa da kyau, amma ka tabbata cewa ƙasa a saman an dan kadan. A lokacin hunturu da hunturu, ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire a cikin matsakaicin yanayin, yana jurewa da ƙananan bushewa na ƙasa, kuma daga wurare masu baƙar fata a cikin ganye zasu iya bayyanawa.
Aukuba yana nufin iska mai bushe, musamman tsoffin tsire-tsire, saboda haka zaka iya yin busa da shi, kuma a cikin kaka da hunturu spraying dole ne. Idan shuka ya girma a zazzabi na digiri na 6-12, to sai kuyi noma a hankali, ko kuma ku yaduwa a kowane lokaci, kamar yadda mold zai iya zama.
A tsawon lokaci daga bazara zuwa kaka - wannan lokaci ne na ci gaba mai girma, - wajibi ne a yi amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da kayan ado da kuma ma'adinai na musamman, su canza su.
A lokacin bazara, akwai buƙatar ka datse da kuma saɗa a saman harbe don samar da kambi. Harbe da suka kasance bayan pruning yawanci ana amfani da yaduwa a matsayin cuttings.
Aukubu da aka cire a cikin bazara, yayin da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙata a dasa su a kowace shekara, da kuma manya sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3, ko a matsayin tushen da aka gina ta dukan ƙasa. Tushen aukuba suna da kyau sosai kuma m, sabili da haka ya kamata a yi matakan yin gyare-gyaren sosai. Zai zama mafi dacewa ga shuka, idan ba a canza shi ba, amma don wucewa, ajiye tudun mai, a cikin tukunya mai fadi. Dole ne a zaba waƙoƙi ga wani aucuba da isasshen fadi da yalwa.
Ƙasar da ta fi dacewa don aukuba sune haɗuwa daga peat, leaf, clayey-sod da yashi ko peat, humus, foliage, turf da yashi. Da kyau dacewa hydroponics aukuba.
Tsanani
Aucubus guba shuka! Duk sassanta na iya haifar da haushi na hanji da ciki, zawo da jini a cikin fitsari. Yi amfani da hankali lokacin da kake tuntubi shuka!