Iyalin Fittonia daga iyalin Acanthus, bisa ga kafofin daban-daban, suna da iri biyu zuwa goma na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda suka yadu zuwa Peru. Wataƙila Saratu da Elizabeth Fitton 'yan mata suna da alhakin sunan su, su ne waɗanda suka buga littafi a London a 1850 mai suna "Tattaunawa game da abincin". Launin fitilun suna da launi mai kyau.
Tsarin tsire-tsire na cikin gida suna girma da talauci tare da canjin yanayi, idan iska ta bushe cikin dakin. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a yanke katako a lokaci-lokaci.
Kula da shuka:
Haskewa. Tsire-tsire Fittonium suna girma sosai a cikin haske mai haske, amma ba tare da hasken rana ba. Kyakkyawan wurin da ya girma shine taga na daidaitawa na gabas, ko yamma. Gilashin kudu maso gabashin girma shine mafi kyau ba zabi ba, ko da yake shuka zai yi girma, amma zai buƙaci pritenyat shi. Har ila yau, injin zai yi girma a arewacin taga a cikin penumbra. Wajibi ne don a zabi wuri mai kyau, tun da yake yana da hankali game da haske, to, yana da yawa, bai isa ba. Musamman game da ƙarin haske ya kamata a kula dashi a lokacin lokacin hunturu. Ana iya yin hasken ƙarin tare da taimakon hasken rana. Saboda rashin haske, tsire-tsire ya fara tasowa, bayyanar da ganye ya fara.
Temperatuur tsarin mulki. Fittonia - tsire-tsire masu thermophilic ne, a lokacin rani yanayin zafin jiki na abun ciki ya zama kimanin digiri 22-25, yawan zafin jiki na haɓaka zai karu zuwa 18 ° C. A cikin kaka da hunturu an ajiye injin a zafin jiki na 18 ° C kuma ba a ƙananan ba. Yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki bai kamata ya canza ba, shuka ba zai sha wahala ba kuma zai fara zubar da ganye. Idan zafin jiki ya sauko zuwa digiri 17 ko žasa, inabin zai fara ciwo. Har ila yau, fittonia ba ta son zane-zane, musamman ma a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a kauce wa zane. A cikin hunturu, yana da kyau don kiyaye tsire daga kayan wuta. Kada ku sanya fittonia a gonar ko a kan baranda, har ma a cikin watanni mafi zafi na bazara.
Watering. Ana gudanar da ruwa ne kawai ta hanyar ruwan dumi mai tsabta, a baya. Tun daga farkon bazara har zuwa fall, watering ne mai yawa (watering, kamar yadda babba Layer na duniya zai bushe sama). Dole ne muyi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa fittonium da sauri ya fitar da ruwa tare da ganye (suma), daga inda ƙasa ta bushe sauri. Ba a yarda dashi ba, har ma sau ɗaya, in ba haka ba, in ba haka ba tushen ɓangaren shuka zai bushe kuma ganye zasu fara fada. Don tsire-tsire, yana da haɗari ga overmoisten da substrate - tushen tsarin fara rot.
Humidity na iska. Domin fittonii yana buƙatar matsanancin zafi, saboda wannan shekara yana zagaya shuka. Don spraying, amfani da tace ko tsayawa da ruwa. Idan shuka yana cikin daki da iska mai bushe, sa'an nan kuma ana sanya shi a kalla sau ɗaya a rana. Zaka iya ƙara yawan zafi ta amfani da pallet tare da raw claydite, gansakuka, pebbles - saka tukunyar shuka akan shi don haka kasan tukunya yana sama da ruwa, kuma ba a cikin ruwa ba. Kada kayi amfani da samfurori da aka tsara don kwantar da ganye.
Yanayi. Babban wuri don girma fittonia shine terrarium ("lambun kwalban"). Don yin wannan, mu ɗauki akwati na gilashi na ado da murfin rufewa ko kwalban gilashi tare da babban wuyansa, zuba adadin ƙasa a ƙasa, shuka shuka, ruwa da kyau kuma ya rufe tare da murfi. Da zarar akwai motsin jiki a kan ganuwar kwalban, bude murfin don 1-2 hours, don haka shuka "numfasawa". Bukatar bude-buƙatar a kalla kwana 7 na farko (amma ba fiye da kwanaki 10) ba. Bayan haka, an yarda da murfin kada a buɗe, amma kula da kullum zafi.
Idan tsire-tsiren ya yi girma sosai, to, dole ne a yi shiru. An yi shi ne a cikin bazara ko tare da farkon lokacin rani. Idan kun shirya yin sauti daga "lambun kwalba" zuwa ga iska, to sai ku yi wannan a hankali, kowace rana, ku ɗauki gilashi gilashi na tsawon sa'o'i kadan, don haka tsire-tsire zai shirya don ci gaba a cikin dakin.
Top dressing. Ciyayi mai aiki shine a watan Afrilu-Agusta. A wannan lokaci, dole ne a ciyar da fittonium a kowane kwanaki 14 tare da wani bayani mai rauni na taki mai hadari, tun da wannan jinsin jinsin yana da damuwa da yawan takin mai magani. A cikin hunturu, ana ciyar da ciyarwar sau 2.
Pruning. Wannan matashi mafi kyau ya fi kyau, kuma yana buƙatar yin pinched. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 3, fittonia danda ƙananan sassa na tushe - wannan abu ne na halitta. Ana amfani da samfurori tsofaffi da pruning, wanda aka samar a cikin bazara. Ana gudanar da shi a wasu matakai - yana da rashin yarda cewa shuka ya zama tsirara, ba tare da ganye ba, saboda wannan bai bada izinin karamin ƙwayar ba.
Canji. Ana bada shawara don maye gurbin fitomashi a cikin bazara a kowace shekara. Don yin ruwa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da matsakaiciyar nama - kashi 1/2 na peat da sauran yashi, tare da kashi 1 na coniferous (heath) da kuma sodium. Fittonia yana da tsarin tushen kasa, don haka don girma, kana buƙatar ɗaukar ɗakuna mai zurfi kuma mai zurfi, a ƙasa wanda aka yi da ruwa mai kyau.
Sake bugun. Wadannan houseplants ninka ta yadudduka, rabo da cuttings.
Sake bugun by cuttings - a spring yanke apical tushe tare da 3-5 ganye (mafi kyau tsawon tsawon cuttings ne 5-8 inimita) kuma an kafe a cikin yashi (zai fi dacewa rufe tare da ganga gilashi).
Za a iya kafa tsirrai a cikin ruwa. Rigon ruwa bai kamata ya wuce sita daya ba. A wannan yanayin, ana sanya akwati tare da rike mafi kyau a cikin jakar filastik kuma an ɗaura shi. Yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki a lokacin haifuwa ya kamata game da 25-28 a C. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci an cire fakiti kuma za'a iya budewa kuma a yada shi da foliage. Tsarin zai dauki tushen kimanin watanni 1.5. Da zarar cuttings a cikin ruwa ya bayyana qualitative rootlets, an dived a cikin ƙasa substrate. Kuna iya shuka kwafi daya, amma zaka iya yin yawa don ingantaccen aiki.
Matsaloli na iya zama
- A shuka ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu. Dalilin shi ne mai yaduwar ƙasa, musamman ma a hunturu, ko sanyi. A lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a kiyaye zafi mai dacewa, kuma ƙasa ya zama dan kadan.
- Ƙananan ɓangare na kara ba dalili ba ne. Dalilin shi ne bunkasa yanayin shuka. Kashewa - a cikin bazara kawai yanke da harbe.
- Flaccid da yellowing ganye. Dalilin shine overmoistening na substrate.
- Gwanayen ganye sun juya launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa. Dalilin shi ne rashin ko wuce haddi na gina jiki.
- Ƙananan ganye suna magana game da hasken haske, da kuma game da iska mai bushe.
- Ana shafar: scabbard, thrips, mealybug da gizo-gizo mites.