Me muke sani game da kyanda? Yana da cututtukan cututtukan da ke dauke da kwayar cuta mai mahimmanci wanda ke rinjayar yawancin yara. Lokacin shiryawa yana kimanin kwanaki 10, kuma yaduwar ta faru ta hanyar sneezing da coughing. Wannan, a gaskiya, shi ke nan. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna game da abin da ba mu san game da kyanda ba. Kuma wannan dole ne ya sani.
Sanya a cikin yara: bayyanar cututtuka, maganin - wannan batun ne da ke motsa iyaye da dama. Da farko, bari mu ga abin da kyanda yake da kuma yadda za a gane shi. Kwayar cutar kyanda ta zama nau'in kwayar cutar Morbillivirus. Yana shiga cikin epithelium na fili na numfashi kuma yana yada ta jini zuwa ga dukkan kwayoyin halitta da kyallen jikin mutum. Saurare na sputum, gamsu da kwayar da yaro, dauke da cutar, lokacin da tari, sneezing, magana fada a cikin iska kuma a can shi yada sauri. Kwayar cuta tana faruwa ko da tareda fuskar fuska ko ƙin ƙura wanda yake dauke da cutar. Kwayar cuta za a iya "kama" koda kuwa kuna tafiya ne a cikin ɗakin haɗari tare da yaro mai kamuwa. An kira yarinya da ake kira "tafiya" cuta.
Kwayar cututtuka:
Sakamakon farko shine babban zazzabi, catarrh (kumburi da jikin mucous na huhu), conjunctivitis da tari (wanda zai iya zuwa mashako), sa'an nan kuma raƙuman ja mai farawa wanda zai fara a kunnuwa kuma yana yadawa cikin jiki.
An raba cutar zuwa kashi uku.
1. Na farko - boye, yana da tsawon tsawon kwanaki 6 zuwa 18, lokacin da kwayar cutar ta jiki bata haifar da wani bayyanar cututtuka ba.
2. Lokacin na biyu shine matsakaici. Yana da kwanaki 3-4 kuma yana tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na kowane mummunan cututtuka na numfashi: malaise, hanci da tsinkaye tare da fitarwa daga hanci, coughing, kumburi na conjunctiva na idanu, high fever. A hankali, waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru suna ƙaruwa - kyamarar hoto, gyaran fuska, fatar jiki, da kuma wani lokacin kumburi kuma har ma da kumburi na larynx yana faruwa tare da farawar hare-haren ƙuntataccen tsanani. Akwai irritability, mummunan barci. Zaka iya ganin ciwon kai, vomiting, zafi na ciki, matsaloli tare da tayi (mafi yawan lokuta zawo). Wannan lokacin yana halin bayyanar da ke ciki daga cikin cheeks da ƙananan ƙananan launin fata tare da ja da'irar kewaye da su. Wannan wata alama ce ta kyanda - wuraren da ake kira Filagov-Koplik. Yawancin lokaci suna bayyana kwanaki 2-3 kafin raguwa ko kuma a ranar farko ko rana ta biyu.
3. Yanayi na uku na cutar shine lokacin "rushewar": an bayyana shi da sabon tashi a cikin zafin jiki da kuma damuwa da yanayin yanayin mai haƙuri. Akwai raƙuman ja - da farko bayan kunnuwa, sa'an nan kuma a kan cheeks, a goshin, sannan kuma ya zama mai zurfi, yana rufe jikin da bangarorin duka. A cikin kwanaki 3-4, raguwa ya ɓace, kuma hasken launin ruwan kasa ya kasance. Fatar jiki ya bushe kuma ya fara farawa. Duk wannan lokacin yaron yana fama da mummunan yatsa. Amma da zarar jikin jiki ya rage ƙasa - yanayin da ya faru yana inganta sosai.
Wanda ba zai iya samun kyanda ba
Duk da irin mummunar cutar kyanda, akwai kungiyoyin mutane da basu da amsa ga wannan cuta. Na farko, su ne yara a farkon watanni uku na rayuwa, wanda iyayenta suka taɓa shan kyanda. Yawancin waɗannan yara suna riƙe da rigakafin mahaifiyarsu, daga lokacin gestation zuwa watanni 3-4 na rayuwa. Ƙara yawan karuwar yawancin rigakafi zuwa cutar a jarirai masu nono. Dukkan lokuta da ake zargi da rigakafin cutar kyanda a tsakanin yara da suka kamu da cutar ba tare da wata alama ba. Yaduwar cutar kyanda ta ci gaba ne sau ɗaya kuma don rayuwa. Duk da haka, a cikin yara da suka kamu da cutar kyanda a farkon shekarun haihuwa, bayan 'yan shekaru, za'a iya samun kamuwa da cutar - cutar zata dawo.
Rigakafin:
Kada ku ƙididdiga irin wannan cututtuka kamar kyanda a cikin yara, tare da alamun da dukan iyaye su sani. Amma ba mahimmanci shine rigakafin wannan cuta ba. Yin rigakafin cutar kyanda shi ne lokacin rarrabe marasa lafiya. Ya kamata a dakatar da shi a baya fiye da kwanaki biyar bayan farawar raguwa. Baya ga tabbatar da ganewar cutar kyanda, dole ne ka bayar da rahoton wannan zuwa ga makarantar sana'a wanda yaron yake tafiya.
Wannan cutar ita ce mafi haɗari ga yara a karkashin shekara 2, don haka idan yaro yana da kowace maganin likita don samun maganin alurar riga kafi - kana buƙatar ka kare shi daga kamuwa da cuta. Idan babu wata takaddama ga maganin alurar riga kafi, to, bayan watanni 15 yaro ya kamata a yi wa rigakafin rigakafi.