Wakilai na jinsin ne Evergreen, tare da creeping harbe, ko curly bushes da shuke-shuke. Ganyayyaki suna da tsayayye, m cikin siffar, cikakke, fata da kuma yanayin jiki. Inflorescences axillary tare da furanni tattara a umbrellas; Corolla fleshy, pledaden; kambin kamel na 5, lokacin farin ciki, lebur, bidentate da kuma rarraba posts.
Waɗannan su ne tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa. An yi musu haƙuri da bushewa daga cikin iska, don haka za su iya girma a cikin sanyi da kuma ɗakuna masu dumi. Don haka, ana buƙatar wani nau'i na daban, wanda aka ɗaura nauyin inabin su.
Kula da shuka
Hasken walƙiya ya kamata ya zama mai haske, ingancin tsire-tsire na cikin gida na da amsa sosai ga sakamakon hasken rana. Amma lokacin da rana ke cikin lokacin zafi, zafi zai iya konewa.
Zai fi kyau girma a kan windows daga gabas ko yammacin tarnaƙi. Lokacin da aka sanya a kan tagogi a gefen kudancin, a cikin tsakar rana zafi za a warwatse haske. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ƙwayoyin m (gauze, tulle) ko takarda (takarda takarda). Tsire-tsire da suka kasance a cikin inuwa ko dai an samu basu kamata a bayyana su a rana ba, dole ne su saba da shi a hankali. Lokacin da aka sanya shi a kan taga tare da jagorancin arewa, inji ba zata yi fure ba (babu isasshen hasken).
Autumn-hunturu pritenyat shuka ba a buƙata. A cikin watanni na bazara, lokacin da hasken hasken ya ƙaru, don kauce wa ƙonawa, dole ne a koyar da hankali sosai.
A lokacin rani, mafi dacewa da shuka t ° daga 22 zuwa 25 ° C. A cikin kaka da hunturu t °, yawan zafin jiki ba zai zama ƙasa da 16 ° C (banda H. carnosa, wanda za'a iya kiyayewa a cikin hunturu a 12-14 ° C). A lokacin hunturu Hoyu za a iya kiyaye shi a 20-22 ° C, amma sai flowering zai zama ƙasa mai yawa. Dakin da Hoya ke tsiro ya kamata a kwantar da shi akai-akai, guje wa zayyana.
Tun daga watan Maris zuwa Oktoba, ya kamata a shayar da shuka tare da raɗaɗin ruwa mai zurfi kamar yadda saman saman ƙasa ya bushe. Tun daga kaka, hoyu shayar da ƙasa sau da yawa, kawai kwanaki 2-3 bayan ya bushe babba na sama. Ruwa don ban ruwa na iya zama dan kadan dumi. Idan kun dakatar da dakatar da shuka ko kuma rage shi da wuya, asalinsu zasu mutu, tsire-tsire za su raunana kuma su shiga lokacin vegetative.
A cikin kaka da kuma bazara (sau 2 a shekara), wajibi ne don nutsar da shuka don tsawon minti 30-40, a cikin ruwa, mai zafi daga 30 zuwa 40 ° C. Ana yin ruwa a cikin ruwa na sa'o'i biyu. Wadannan matakan sun taimaka wajen bunkasa girma da sauri.
Don ƙwayar zuma, iska mai zafi ba ta da muhimmanci, amma spraying wajibi ne. Fesa ya kamata a hankali, don haka droplets na danshi ba su fada kan furanni ba. A lokacin tsire-tsire (a spring da lokacin rani), ya kamata a ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci (kowace biyu zuwa uku).
A gaban babban adadin haske, an fi samun fure-fure. Tsire-tsire mai yaduwa har zuwa watan Satumba.
Lokacin da aka saka buds, ba za a sake shuka ba, in ba haka ba furanni zasu iya zamawa. A karkashin matsanancin nauyin inflorescences suna tallafawa. Lokacin da flowering ƙare, tsawon harbe suna yanke, barin kawai rassan rassan, wadanda inda har yanzu flowering ci gaba. Kada kuma ku cire peduncles, domin shekara ta gaba za su yi fure. Don ci gaba da tsire-tsire a matsayi na tsaye, ana buƙatar goyon baya mai ƙarfi.
Ya kamata a girbe ƙananan ƙwayoyi a kowace shekara, domin yin jita-jita da yawa ya samar da mafi girma ci gaba; Tsire-tsire dole ne a shuka kowane shekara uku. Shuka ya zama mai gina jiki da sauƙi wanda zai iya dashi, weakly acid da tsaka tsaki (PH 5.5-7). A halin yanzu, kusan kowane ƙasa, misali lambun, wanda aka haɗe da yashi, ya dace. Kasashen mafi kyau sun hada da ganye, clayey-sod da kuma gonar kore (1: 2: 1) ko daga leaf, ground clayey-turf, peat and sand (1: 2: 1: 1). Hoyu kyakkyawa (N. bella) ya fi girma a cikin cakuda ƙasa, peat, humus da yashi a daidai sassa tare da kara da gawayi. Yana buƙatar mai kyau maglewa.
Hoya (waxy ivy) - dace da girma ba tare da kasar gona (a kan wuraren ajiyar kayan abinci) ba.
An yada Hoyu tare da taimakon cuttings a spring-spring (a gaba ɗaya, yana yiwuwa a ninka dukan yanayin vegetative). Dole a yanke cuttings tare da 1-st, 2-nau'i na ganye, watakila ya fi tsayi. Tushen petioles ba su bayyana a kan nodes ba, amma a tsakanin su, saboda abin da ya kamata a yanke cuttings ba a karkashin sakon, amma dan kadan. Ƙasa don haifuwa an haxa shi daga sassa 2 na peat, 1 sashi na yashi, ko da ma cikin ruwa. Don cuttings, yawan zafin jiki bai kamata ya kasance ƙasa da 20 ° C. Hoya sauke daukan tushe da kuma a gida. Kafe (ranar 20th 25th) cuttings ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane 9-cm. Shirya cakuda iri daban-daban: turf - 1 awa, leaf - 2 hours, humus - 0.5 sassa na ƙasa da yashi - 1 hour; An kara yawan taki da aka ƙera.
Idan kana so ka cimma flowering a farkon shekarar, kana buƙatar amfani da hanyar daban-daban na haifuwa - cages. Don yin wannan, a kan titin tsire-tsire, ya wajaba don yin haɗuwa, ya rufe ta da gashin mai tsabta, ɗaure shi da igiya kuma ya rufe shi da fim din polyethylene. Nan da nan bayan bayyanar tushen, ɓangare na harbe, daga sama, yanke da ƙasa a cikin kwano. Don samun samfurori da yawa-samfurori, ba a kasa da kashi uku da aka sare a cikin tasa ɗaya ba.
Don samun raguwa, dole ne a saka katako a bayan da aka samu kashi na uku ko na hudu.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu
- Idan tayi zurfin ƙasa, ko rana ta haskakawa sosai, ganye zasu fara canzawa, zasu iya bushe da kuma juyawa.
- Idan iska a cikin dakin ya bushe sosai kuma yana da zafi, ganye sukan fadi.
- Tare da matsananci ko rashin isasshen zafi, kuma idan iska a cikin dakin ya bushe sosai kuma yana da zafi, furen fure ya fadi.
- Lokacin da ruwa da ruwan sanyi ko ruwan sanyi, harbe da ganye zasu iya fadawa.
- Tare da matsanancin danshi, da tushen da tushe na tushe fara rot.
- Idan akwai rashin haske da gyare-gyare, furanni sun faɗi.
- Rashin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da raguwar ci gaban shuke-shuken, ganye zasu iya saya launin kore (a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta, ciyar da urea a maida hankali na 1 g / l).
- Idan tayi ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma rani bai isa ba, ko kuma a madadin, to, ganye zai iya juya launin rawaya kuma ya fadi.
- Damaged: gizo-gizo mite, mealybug, scab, whitefly da aphids.