Barci shine yanayin ilimin lissafin jiki wanda yake tare da hanawa hankali da jinkirin metabolism. A mafarki, muna ciyar da kashi uku na rayuwa. Barci yana cikin ɓangaren al'ada na circadian kuma yawanci yakan ɗauki dukan dare.
Duration barci
Abubuwan barci da farkawa sun canza tare da shekaru. Yarinya yakan yi kwana 16 a kowace rana, kuma ciyar yana faruwa a kowane 4 hours. Yayinda yake da shekara daya yaro yana barci game da sa'o'i 14 a rana, kuma yana da shekaru 5 - kimanin sa'o'i 12. Tsawancin lokacin barci ga matasa shine kimanin 7.5 hours. Idan an bai wa mutum damar yin barci, to yana barci tsawon sa'o'i 2. Koda a cikin rashin barci don kwanaki da yawa, mutum yana iya yin barci fiye da awa 17-18 a jere. A matsayinka na mai mulki, mace tana bukatar karin lokaci don barci fiye da mutum. Tsawancin barci tare da shekaru yana raguwa tare da shekaru 30 zuwa 55 da kadan kuma kadan yana ƙaruwa bayan shekaru 65. Mutane yawanci suna janyewa da dare ba tare da matasa ba, amma suna samun lokacin ɓacewa saboda barcin rana.
Hadarin barci
Kimanin daya a cikin shida balagaggu suna fama da rashin barci, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau a rayuwar yau da kullum. Mafi sau da yawa mutane sukan yi rashin barci: ba za su iya fada barci ba da dare, kuma a lokacin da suke barci da gajiya. A lokacin haihuwa, sau da yawa lokuta na barci (tafiya a cikin mafarki), wanda aka lura a game da kimanin kashi 20 cikin dari na yara masu shekara 5-7. Abin farin cikin, yawancin "tsaka" da barci, da kuma manya wannan abin mamaki ne.
Canje-canje a lokacin barci
A lokacin barci cikin jikin mu akwai wasu canji na physiological:
• rage yawan karfin jini;
• rage a cikin zuciya da kuma yanayin jiki;
• jinkirin numfashi;
• ƙara yawan wurare dabam dabam;
• Kunnawa na fili na gastrointestinal;
• Shakatawa na muscular;
• raguwar metabolism ta kashi 20%. Ayyukan mu sun dogara ne da yanayin jiki, wanda ya canza yayin rana. Mafi yawan jiki zafin jiki yawanci ana rubuta tsakanin 4 da 6 na safe.
Mutane da suke farkawa sosai, yanayin jiki yana fara tashi a karfe 3 na safe maimakon fiye da 5 am. A akasin wannan, a cikin mutanen da suke barcin kwanciyar hankali, yanayin jiki zai fara ne kawai a karfe 9 na safe. Idan namiji da mace da ke zaune tare suna aiki mafi kyau a lokuta daban-daban na yini (abokin tarayya da safe, ɗaya a maraice), akwai rikice-rikice a cikin biyu.
Sannu na barci
Akwai hanyoyi biyu na barci: lokaci na barci mai wuya (wanda ake kira KSh-barci) da kuma lokacin barci mai zurfi (ba Yash-barci). Lokaci na barci mai maimaita ana kiransa lokaci na hanzarin ido, yayin da yake tare da ƙungiyoyi masu ido na ido a cikin rufe ido. Da dare, aikin kwakwalwa yana canzawa daga wani lokaci na barci zuwa wani. Daɗin barci, zamu shiga mataki na farko na lokacin barci mai zurfi da hankali zuwa mataki na hudu. Da kowane mataki na gaba, barci yana zurfi. Bayan minti 70-90 bayan kwanta barci, akwai wani lokaci na hanzarin ido, wanda yana kimanin minti 10. A lokacin lokaci na barcin REM, lokacin da muke ganin mafarkai, bayanai na aikin lantarki na kwakwalwa suna kama da wadanda aka lura a yayin tashin hankali. Yatsun jiki suna shakatawa, wanda bai yarda mana mu "shiga" a cikin mafarkai ba. A wannan lokacin, gyare-gyaren ƙwayoyi na inganta.
Me ya sa muke bukatar mafarki?
Ga wasu ƙarni da yawa mutane suna tambayar kansu: Me ya sa muke bukatar mafarki? Safiya lafiya yana ɗaya daga cikin bukatun mutum. Mutanen da dalili daya ko wani ba su yi barci ba na kwanaki da dama, suna da alamun alamun paranoia, bayyane da kuma auditocinations. Daya daga cikin tunanin da aka tsara don tabbatar da bukatar barci ya dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa barci yana taimaka mana mu kare makamashi: kwancen kafa na yau da kullum yana da sau hudu fiye da lokacin da ake aiki da ita. Wata ka'ida ta nuna cewa barci yakan taimaka wa jikin ya dawo. Alal misali, a lokacin lokacin barci mai zurfi, an fitar da hormone mai girma, wanda ke tabbatar da sabuntawa da gabobin jiki, kamar jini, hanta, da fata. Har ila yau barci yana tafiyar da aikin tsarin rigakafi. Wannan zai iya bayyana karin bukatar barci a cututtuka, irin su mura. Wasu masanan kimiyya sun gaskata cewa barci yana ba ka damar "horar da" hanyoyin da ba a yi amfani da ita ba, wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar synapses (waɗannan ƙananan hanyoyi ne tsakanin jijiyoyin da jijiyoyin da ke dauke da su).
Mafarki
A cikin duniya akwai wasu al'adun da ba su haɗa muhimmancin mafarki ba. Labarun mafarki sun bambanta: daga yanayi na yau da kullum zuwa ban mamaki da ban mamaki labaru. An san cewa mafarki yana bayyana a cikin lokaci na barci mai sauri, wanda yake kasancewa ga tsofaffi a cikin kusan 1.5 hours, kuma a cikin yara -8 hours. A wannan yanayin, ana iya ɗauka cewa mafarkai suna da tasiri akan kwakwalwa, tabbatar da ci gabanta da kuma samar da sababbin haɗi tsakanin ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. Kimiyyar zamani na baka damar rikodin da kuma nazarin ƙwayoyin fasahar halitta na kwakwalwa. A cikin mafarki, kwakwalwa yana tafiyar da kwarewar da aka samu a lokacin lokacin farkawa, yana tunawa da wasu abubuwa kuma "erases" wasu. An yi imanin cewa mafarkai ne ainihin abubuwan da aka "share" daga ƙwaƙwalwar mu. Zai yiwu, mafarkai na taimaka mana wajen warware matsalolin rayuwar yau da kullum. A cikin binciken daya, kafin barcin barci, an ba wa dalibai aiki. Masana kimiyya sun lura da nauyin barci. Sashe na dalibai sun bar barci ba tare da farka ba, wasu sun farka a bayyanar alamun farko na mafarki. An gano cewa dalibai, tada a lokacin mafarkai, sun san yadda za a warware aikin da aka ba su.