Alamun farko na zuciya rashin nasara shine batun labarin. Da cikewar zuciya yana iya kiyayewa:
• Ƙara wahala - musamman tare da nau'i mai tsanani;
• rashin ƙarfi na numfashi - na farko ya bayyana ne kawai tare da motsa jiki, amma a wasu lokuta kuma zai iya faruwa a hutawa;
◆ tari tare da fararen fata ko ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, wanda ke hade da kiyayewar ruwa da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin mahaukaci;
• edema - haɗuwa da yawan ruwa a cikin kyallen takarda; ganowa a kan mutanen da ke fama da marasa lafiya da kuma a cikin yanki da kuma a kan gindi - a cikin kullun;
• asarar nauyi - cutar ta sau da yawa tare da rage yawan ci abinci, tashin hankali da zubar da ciki;
• ciwon ciki - zai iya faruwa saboda abin mamaki a cikin hanta.
Zuciyar zuciya bata faruwa lokacin da lalacewa ya lalace ko ya sauke - misali, akan daya daga cikin cututtuka masu zuwa:
• Ciwon zuciya na zuciya-jijiyya - sau da yawa haɗuwa da ciwon na myocardium na ventricle na hagu na zuciya;
• ilimin lissafin zuciya na zuciya - misali, saboda cututtukan cututtuka ko cututtuka;
• hauhawar jini - yana haifar da raguwa a cikin ƙirar ƙarancin bango, wadda ke karfafa aikin zuciya;
• Madaba ko ciwon daji (ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya) - na iya zama wahalar cututtukan cututtuka da kwayoyin cuta;
Kullun zuciya - canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwar zuciya ta wani abu, yanayin degenerative ko saboda lalacewar;
• Ƙaddamar da ƙwayar cuta - yanayin farfadowa;
• rashin daidaituwa da kayan aiki na zuciya na minti na jiki don bukatun jiki - lokacin da kwayar ta ke aiki tare da babban kaya don zubar da kyakkewa tare da oxygen;
• Hada wani mummunan raguwa - alal misali, ƙwanƙwasaccen ƙaddarar wani pericardium ƙaddamar da jini zuwa zuciya, saboda sakamakon gyaran wurare dabam yake yana aiki tare da haɗakarwa.
Ayyuka na zuciya
Zuciyar zuciya ce mai tsallewa wanda ya sa jini jini ga dukkanin kwayoyin halitta, ya cika su da oxygen da kayan abinci. Zuciyar tana kashe kimanin 100,000 bugun rai kowace rana, yana yin famfo 25-30 lita na jini a minti daya. Zuciya ta raba zuwa hagu da dama, wanda kowanne ya ƙunshi atrium da ventricle. Ruwan jini wanda ba shi da talauci daga cikin rami marar kyau ya shiga cikin dama. Daga nan an rushe shi ta hanyar hannun dama cikin ventricle cikin tasoshin huhu. Asri na hagu yana karɓar jini mai yalwa da jini mai yaduwa daga kwakwalwan ƙwayar cuta, sa'an nan kuma ya zubar da shi a cikin hagu na ventric, daga inda ake yin shi zuwa ga manyan wurare. Kullun zuciya yana hana sake dawowa da jini. Zuciyar zuciya yana da nasaba da jini, wanda aka bayar da suturar jini. Wani harsashi mai launi guda biyu wanda ke rufe zuciya shine ake kira pericardium. Sakamakon ganewar asirin zuciya ya kasance akan asibiti, duk da haka, ƙarin bincike zai iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ya zabi mafi kyawun magani. Don tsammanin zuciyacin rashin zuciya shine bayyanar cututtuka irin su rashin ƙarfi da numfashi.
Binciken
A lokacin bincike ana binciken waɗannan binciken:
• gwaje-gwaje na jini - gwajin jini mai zurfi, gwaje-gwaje na biochemical don nazarin aikin hanta, koda da glandon giro; ƙaddamar da ƙwayar ƙwayoyin zuciya (tare da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta) an ƙara shi);
• X-ray na kwakwalwa na gabobin asibitoci - don gano ƙara yawan girman zuciya, kasancewar ruwa a cikin huhu, rufe sutun arteries;
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) - a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon zuciya, halayen ECG masu haɗari suna yawan kiyayewa;
• zane-zane shine babban binciken da yayi nazari akan aikin ventricle na hagu, kwari na zuciya da pericardium; launi dopplerography - amfani da su nazarin jihar zuciya basusuka da intracardiac jini gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu;
Cathheterization cardiac - ba ka damar auna matsin a cikin ɗakunan zuciya da manyan tasoshin;
• Gwajin gwaje-gwaje - ba ka damar yin la'akari da yadda zuciyar zuciya ke kai ga nauyin jiki.
Magunguna tare da cikewar zuciya ta raguwa suna nuna yawan asibiti. Idan za ta yiwu, bi da cututtukan cututtuka na zuciya, irin su anemia. Bayar da hutawa ga mai haƙuri zai iya rage nauyin a cikin zuciya, amma zauna a cikin gado ya kamata a ƙayyade shi don kauce wa samuwar jini a cikin tasoshin ƙananan ƙaranan. Duk maganin likita ya fi dacewa a matsayi, ba kwance. Abinci ya kamata ya zama ƙananan rabo, tare da ƙuntata gishiri. Ana shayar da giya da shan taba. Don magance rashin ƙarfi na zuciya, ana amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da su: diuretics - ƙãra yawan adadin fitsari, ƙananan jini, rage ƙumburi da dyspnea; beta-blockers - normalize zuciya, jinkirin zuciya, amma a farkon da suka shiga, Doctor likita ya zama dole; angiotensin-sabanin enzyme (masu maganin ACE) - zai iya hana ci gaba da cutar, da kuma rage yawan mutuwa daga rashin ciwo na zuciya da kuma infarction m. Za'a fara zaɓin zabin farko a karkashin kulawar likita.
• masu amfani da sakonta na angiotensin na II - irin su ne sakamakon masu hana ACE, amma suna da ƙasa da tasiri;
• digoxin - sau da yawa yakan haifar da tashin hankali, a Bugu da ƙari, sau da yawa akwai matsaloli tare da zaɓi na kashi. An yi amfani dashi mafi yawa domin normalize rukuni na zuciya da arrhythmias.
Ana nuna yawan marasa lafiya da yawa tare da kwayoyi masu yawa. Ƙarƙashin zuciya zai iya bunkasa a kowane zamani, amma ana lura da ita a cikin tsofaffi. Raunin zuciya na yau da kullum ya sha wahala daga kashi 0.4 zuwa 2% na yawan balagagge. Tare da tsufa, haɗarin bunkasa zuciya rashin ƙarfi ya ƙara ƙaruwa. Daga cikin marasa lafiya da ke zuwa likitoci a Rasha, kashi 38.6% suna da alamun rashin ciwo na zuciya. Duk da ci gaba da hanyoyin maganin, mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya tare da ciwon zuciya ya kasance mara kyau. Rayuwar rayuwa tsakanin su ya fi muni da wasu nau'o'in ciwon daji. Kimanin kashi 50 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da ciwon zuciya mai tsanani sun mutu a cikin shekaru biyu daga ranar da aka gano asali.