Tsawan jariri: muhimmin bayani

Yawancin cututtuka da yawa sun bayyana kansu ta hanyar sauyawa a yanayin jiki, wani alama a lokuta da yawa a farkon ya zama alama ce kawai ta cutar. Sabili da haka, idan zazzabi ya canza (kuma wannan zai iya haɓakawa da karuwa mai mahimmanci), komai tsawon lokacin wannan canji ya kasance, ya kamata a nuna yaron ga likita. Sai dai likita zai iya yin ganewar asali, ganowa da kuma kawar da matsalar sauyin zafin jiki, kuma hana haɓaka matsalolin cutar. Hanyoyin thermoregulation a cikin yara
Kwayar da yaro, musamman shekarar farko na rayuwa, yana da bambanci da yawa daga balagagge marar girma na dukkanin tsarin, ciki har da tsarin tsarin zafi. Kyakkyawan jariri zai iya kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na jikinsa a daidai wannan matakin, amma yawancin canjin yanayi a yanayin waje wanda wannan ƙarfin ya ci gaba ya fi ƙasa.

A cikin yara, ragowar zafin rana ya fi ƙarfin samar da shi, da kuma zafi a cikin yara ƙanƙan ya wuce. Wannan shi ne saboda girman farfajiya na fata a kan wani nau'i na nauyin jiki kuma a kusa da shi a saman tasoshin. Canjin yanayin zafi, wadda aka gudanar ta hanyar evaporation, ba zai yiwu ba a cikin yaro a cikin watanni 2, tun lokacin da gumi bai yi aiki ba tukuna. Saboda haka yara na farkon watanni na rayuwa sauƙi overheat kuma sanyi.

Mai saukin sanyi na yaro yana taimakawa ga iyakacin damar samar da makamashi mai zafi. A cikin tsofaffi, ana amfani da thermogenesis na kwangila a lokacin daskarewa, wato, ana yin zafi lokacin da tsokoki na tsoka (mutumin "yana razana" daga sanyi). A cikin yara, wannan karfin ya rage. Rawan da aka yi a cikin su yana faruwa ne saboda raguwa da wani abu mai mahimmanci, wadda ake kira "mai launin ruwan kasa". Ƙididdigarta tana iyakancewa kuma yana dogara ne akan ƙuruwar yaro. Yayinda yara da yara ba su da kyau, ƙananan albarkatun kasa ba su da kima, kuma sun fi kula da sanyaya.

Bugu da ƙari, lability na jiki zafin jiki ne saboda rashin ƙarfi na cibiyar thermoregulatory. Sabili da haka, jigilar sauyin jiki na jiki a cikin yaro ya fi girma. Yanayin fata na jiki shine 36.0-37.2 ° C, wanda aka auna a cikin cavities jiki (a cikin baki, madaidaici) - 37.0-37.8 ° C. Yara ba shi da wani nau'i na juzuwan ƙwayar zafi. Amma saboda ƙayyadadden tsarin tafiyar da yanayin zafi da zafi, yawan zazzabi ya bambanta a cikin rana a cikin iyakokin dabi'un al'ada, dangane da yanayin da yaron ya kasance. Sabili da haka, aikin jiki (ciyarwa, kuka, caji) yana ƙarfafa tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, kuma saboda haka yanayin jiki ya tashi. A cikin mafarki ko tare da tashin hankali rashin zafin jiki zai zama ƙasa.

Yadda za a auna zafin jiki
Yayin da ake ganin zazzabi a cikin jariran jarirai, dole ne a la'akari da asalin jihar. Kada ku auna yawan zafin jiki idan jaririn ya ci ko ya yi kuka kawai: a wannan yanayin, darajarta za ta kasance bisa al'ada.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don auna yawan zazzabi. Ana iya aunawa bishirar epidermis (yawanci ana aikatawa a cikin tsaka) ta hanyar thermometer na lantarki ko na mercury. Ana amfani da thermometers na gaba na musamman ko sun kai goshinsa, kuma ana nuna yawan zazzabi akan su. Akwai thermometers-nipples don auna yawan zafin jiki a cikin rami na baki. An yi amfani da ma'aunin ƙararrawa na kunne. Yara za su iya auna yawan zazzabi a cikin dubun. Dole ne a tuna da cewa yawan zafin jiki a cikin cavities na ciki (a cikin bakin, a cikin anus) ya fi yadda zafin jiki mai zurfi ya kai kusan 0.5 ° C.

Yaya za a nuna wa iyaye?
Dalilin da zai haifar da yaduwa a cikin yara yana da yawa: overheating, cututtuka da cututtuka masu ciwon kumburi, cututtuka tsarin cuta, zazzabi bayan alurar riga kafi, cututtuka dyspnoea, da dai sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, wasu cututtuka, na farko alama ce ta tashi a zafin jiki, na iya zama haɗari don rayuwar jariri (misali pneumonia - ciwon huhu, maningitis - ƙonewa daga cikin ƙwayoyin jikin kwakwalwa). Wasu alamun cututtuka na cutar za a iya share su a wannan zamani, banda haka, yaro ba zai iya koka ba, saboda ba zai iya magana ba tukuna. Saboda haka, karuwar gaske a zazzabi a cikin jariri shine dalilin da ake kira kiran gaggawa na dan jariri.

Yaya za a iya nuna hali yayin da kake jiran likita? Da farko, kana buƙatar tunawa: ba kowane zazzabi yana buƙatar gaggawa ba.

Sau da yawa, karuwa a cikin zafin jiki yana aiki ne a jikin jiki ga kowane sakamako (alal misali, a kan samun cutar ko gabatar da maganin alurar riga kafi) kuma yana taimakawa tsarin rigakafin don magance magungunan cutar da sauri.

Idan zazzabi ya faru a cikin yaro fiye da watanni biyu kuma bai sha wahala daga lafiyarsa ba, wato, barcinsa, ciwonsa, ba a rabu da shi ba, yana sha'awar kayan wasan kwaikwayo, launin fata yana da ruwan hoda da zafi ga tabawa, kuma jikin jiki bai fi sama da 38.5 ba. ° C, to, zaku iya jira likita don ya zo tare, tare da shi, yanke hukunci a kan kula da yaro da kuma bukatar rage yawan zafin jiki.

Idan hawan zafin jiki yana tare da sanyi da hannayensu da ƙafafunsa, kuma fata ya zama kodadde, yaron ya karu, sa'an nan zamu iya magana game da cigaban ciwon da ake kira "zazzabi". Wannan bambance bambancen zafin jiki yana dauke da rashin kyau kuma yana buƙatar gaggawa a cikin zafin jiki. "Zazzabi" zazzabi na iya zama alamar farko na rashin ciwon hyperthermia - yana da bambancin rashin ci gaba na zafin jiki, wadda ke tasowa a cikin cututtukan cututtuka da cututtuka mai tsanani a yara na farkon shekara ta rayuwa. Toxins da shiga cikin jikin yaron ya rushe aiki na cibiyar thermoregulation, wanda zai haifar da karuwa a cikin samar da zazzabi da ragewa a cikin sauyawar zafi. Wannan, ta biyun, yana ƙara yawan rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini (motsi da jini ta hanyar kananan jiragen ruwa), yanayin sa yana faruwa, adadin oxygen shigar da gabobin yana ragu, kuma matakai na rayuwa sun ɓata. Yarin yaron ya zama mai laushi, ya ragu ko, a cikin ɓata, yana da matuƙar farin ciki. Ya yi murmushi, ya yi kuka, ba ya cin abinci, yana iya kasancewa da tsaftatawa da kumbura, ƙarar fitsari yana raguwa (wato, diaper ya zauna na bushe na dogon lokaci). Idan iyaye suna kula da ɗan yaron, wanda zai iya lura da numfashi na rashin daidaituwa: lokuta na numfashi mai ma'ana da rashin ƙarfi yana maye gurbinsu ta hanyar dakatarwa. Yarin yaron ya kodadde, tare da sifofin sanyi da kuma mai zafi. Matsayin ƙaruwa a cikin zafin jiki ba ya nuna tsananin rashin ciwo na hyperthermia. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana haɗuwa da yawan zafin jiki zuwa 39-40 ° C, amma yana yiwuwa a bunkasa shi a ƙananan zafin jiki. Duk abin ya dangana ne akan halaye na mutum, ciwon cututtuka na yau da kullum, alamun tsarin kulawa na tsakiya.

Wani nau'in gashin gashin tsuntsaye shine haɗuwa da fuka. Wadannan ƙananan hanyoyi ne na ƙungiyoyi masu tsohuwar ƙwayoyin da ke faruwa a baya da yawan zafin jiki sama da 38 ° C. Yawanci suna tare da tashin hankali ko sluggishness na yaro. A nan gaba, akwai wasu takunkumi da shakatawa na tsokoki, sau da yawa - na fuska da wata gabar jiki. Wataƙila wani tashin hankali na tsoka, ba tare da hutawa ba, yafi tsoka, haifar da tsawo. Riguwa yana sanya hatsari saboda yiwuwar dakatar da numfashi a yayin wani lokacin damuwa. Duration na fararen furotin daga wasu sakanni zuwa minti 15-20. Idan har yanzu sun fi tsayi, to, watakila hanyar su ba zazzabi ba ce, amma cuta na tsarin jiki, wanda ke buƙatar yin nazarin wani likitan ne da bincike mai zurfi.