Ƙaddara matakai
Maganin ciwon huhu a wani wuri na farko yakan faru ne a lokacin da ya dace. A wani mataki na gaba, za a iya yaduwa, yayin da wadannan alamun cututtuka suka faru:
- tari tari;
- zafi a cikin kirji;
- ci gaba ko ci gaba da cututtuka na numfashi;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
- fashi;
- muryar murya;
- rage jiki nauyi;
- rashin ci;
- gajiya;
- zafi a cikin kafada ko hannu.
Sauran cututtuka suna yawan haɗuwa da yaduwa na metastases - ƙaura da kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji zuwa wasu kwayoyin halitta ta wurin jini da tasoshin lymph. Alal misali, yaduwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin kashi zai iya zama tare da ciwo mai tsanani da raunuka, hanta metastases sukan saba da ascites da jaundice, kuma a cikin kwakwalwa - canje-canje a cikin hali. Mafi yawan lokutta na ciwon daji na huhu suna hade da shan taba. Wani mummunar cutar da ciwon huhu na huhu, bayyanuwar asibiti ya riga ya kasance a wani mummunan mataki na cutar.
Shan taba
Rashin ci gaba da ƙwayar ƙwayar yana ƙaruwa da karuwa a yawan yawan sigari da aka kyare da rana da kuma tsawon shan taba. Duk da haka, hakan yana hana ragewa tare da watsi da wannan cutarwa. Rashin hayaki daga taba shan taba ta wadanda ba smokers (wanda ake kira wucewa shan taba) yana kara yawan cutar ta kimanin 15%. Sauya daga taba si shan taba ko cigaba da kadan ya rage hadarin, amma ya kasance mafi girma fiye da na wadanda ba smokers.
Rashin gurbataccen yanayi
Ƙananan yawan lokuta na ciwon daji na huhu yana hade da gurɓataccen yanayi, da kuma inhalation na ƙurar masana'antu wanda ke dauke da nau'in asbestos, arsenic, chromium, iron oxide, tarwatsa da kuma kayan hawan ƙonawa.
Magunguna na biyu
Hanyar kirki a wasu kwayoyin, alal misali, ƙuƙwalwar mammary ko prostate, za a iya haɗuwa tare da samuwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin kututtukan da irin wannan alamun bayyanar.
Abun ƙwayar cuta
Maza, ban da mata, kwangilar cutar huhu a sau uku sau da yawa, amma wannan bambanci yana raguwa da karuwa a yawan mata masu shan taba. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da mutuwar mata daga ciwon daji, irin wannan ciwon daji ya sa na biyu bayan ciwon nono. Sakamakon ganewar cutar kanjamau yana yawanci ne akan magunguna da kuma sakamakon binciken jarrabawa. Bugu da ƙari ga kwayoyin bayyanar cututtuka, wajibi ne a kula da alamun cututtuka na hormonal, ƙananan tsokoki da ƙwayoyin jijiya, anemia, thrombosis, canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwa, fatar jiki. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka a wasu lokuta suna kawo canje-canje mai kyau a cikin huhu.
Cikakken gyaran yatsunsu
Yarda da maganin ƙarshen yatsun yatsun hannu da yatsun kafa (kamar "drumsticks") a cikin kashi 30 cikin dari na cututtuka na huhu, amma yana faruwa a wasu sauran cututtuka, misali, a cikin cututtukan zuciya.
Irin ciwon huhu na huhu
Ƙananan ciwon ƙwayar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta ne mafi muni da sauri. Yana da kimanin 20-30% na duk lokuta na ciwon daji na huhu. Yana taso ne daga kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin hormone, saboda haka a wasu lokuta wasu daga cikin alamun bayyanar suna haifar da cututtukan hormonal. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cellcin jiki ne ƙungiyar ciwon sukari da ke nuna yanayin girma. Sun hada da:
- ƙarancin cell cellular;
- babban ciwon cizon sauro;
- ciwon alveolar;
- adenocarcinoma daga cikin huhu (wani ciwon da ke hade da inhalation na asbestos, da kuma mafi yawan waɗanda ba a taba shan taba).
Don ganewar asibiti na ciwon huhu, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- X-ray na Cheba - yana ba da damar gane ciwace-ciwacen daji tare da diamita na 1-2 cm (ciwon ƙwayar ƙarancin ƙananan girma ba a gano su ba). A lokacin bayyanar cututtuka, kashi 90% na raunuka na huhu suna ganin su ta hanyar rediyo;
- ƙididdiga rubutun bayanai - ba dama damar gano ƙananan tsari, amma wasu daga cikinsu ba zasu iya ganewa ba yayin amfani da wannan hanya;
- Maimaitawar fuska na magnetic - yana samar da kyakkyawar hangen nesa da ciwon sukari da kuma kara girma a cikin ƙananan lymph wanda yake kusa da manyan tasoshin huhu.
Bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy wata hanya ce ta nazarin hanyoyi na jirgin sama ta hanyar amfani da na'urar fiber optic mai sauƙi - a bronchoscope. Ana iya amfani da shi don samin nauyin ciwon sukarin daji da kuma ɓoye daga wasu sassan jikin huhu don gwajin gwajin.
Tsuntsaye masu tasowa
A cikin wannan binciken, an yi amfani da allurar bakin ciki mai zurfi wanda aka sanya a cikin kogin kirji a karkashin X-ray ko CT don ɗaukar samfurin samfurin daga wani tsari mai dadi. Sanarwar gaba daya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa ba shi da kyau, duk da haka, idan an gano magungunan a farkon matakan kuma babu matakan da aka samu, yin amfani da kai zai iya haifar da magani. Hanyar zabi ga marasa lafiya da rashin ciwon hankali na aikin kwayoyin cutar shine maganin radiation mai tsanani. Ga marasa lafiya da ci gaba da ci gaba da ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki, ƙwayoyin miki da hanyoyin rediyo na iya zama tasiri.
M shigarwa
Yin magani mafi mahimmanci ga marasa ciwon huhu na kwayar cutar ba shi ne tiyata, amma kawai ya dace da kashi 20 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya, tare da tsawon shekaru biyar kawai na 25-30% kawai. Haɗarin mutuwa saboda tiyata yana da mahimmanci a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 65. Yawancin su masu shan taba ne kuma sau da yawa suna fama da cututtuka na numfashi, irin su mashako da emphysema.
Chemotherapy
Ƙananan ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine kawai nau'i na ciwon huhu na huhu wanda chemotherapy yana da kyau, amma tasirinta na iya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci. Rayuwa mai rai na marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya tare da chemotherapy shine watanni 11 bayan karshen magani (idan aka kwatanta da watanni 4 ba tare da chemotherapy) ba. Kimanin kashi 10 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da ciwon daji na ciwon daji yana tsira shekaru 2-3 bayan jiyya.
Hanyar maganin ciwon huhu na huhu shi ne:
Kuma m aikin shiga - cire na farko tumo (in ba tare da metastases da kuma kyakkyawan jihar na haƙuri);
- Magungunan radiation - yana da mahimmanci a lura da ciwon daji marasa lafiya;
- Chemotherapy shine babban hanyar maganin ƙwayar cutar ciwon ƙwayar kananan kwayar cutar.
Ciwon daji mai cutarwa
Don saukaka yanayin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya, ana amfani da hanyoyin da ake biyowa:
- da gabatarwa da ƙananan hanzari don kula da ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwarar ƙuƙwarar jiki wanda aka rufe ta kutsawa;
- gabatarwa da kwayoyi masu magungunan rediyo kai tsaye zuwa cikin bronchi;
- radiation far tare da ƙananan isasshen radiation don taimakawa ciwo mai tsanani, tari mai tsanani da hemoptysis;
- da alhakin samar da steroid don inganta ci abinci;
- da yin amfani da morphine da sauran tsoffin maganganu don taimakawa jin zafi.