A wannan yanayin, fatar jiki da fata na idanu suna samun nauyin zane saboda mummunan abun ciki na bilirubin pigment a cikin jini. Bilirubin shine samfurin al'ada ne na musayar nau'in heme-iron na hemoglobin erythrocytes. Akwai manyan jaundice guda uku: hepatic cell, hemolytic da obstructive. Dole ne a bincika cututtuka na waɗannan yanayi don tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Jaundice Hemolytic
Jaundice Hemolytic shine sakamakon hallaka erythrocytes. Iko a cikin wadannan marasa lafiya shine launi na al'ada, saboda tare da wannan nau'i na jaundice, bilirubin wanda ba zai yiwu ba ya tara cikin jini. Gabatarwar urobilinogen a cikin feces (aikin hanta ba a karye) ya ba su saba da launi.
Jaundice damuwa
Girman jaundice yana tasowa a gaban hani don fitar da bile. A cikin marasa lafiya, ana iya samun ruwan fitsari mai tsabta saboda yawan tsararren bilirubin da ruwa mai narkewar ruwa, da kuma ganowa na feces. Matsayin da bilirubin da aka dauka a cikin jini yana haifar da mummunar sanyaya. Alamar hani na ƙwayar bile duwatsun zafin jiki na iya zama zafin jiki tare da ciwo. Matsayin bilirubin mai girma, kuma, bisa ga haka, jaundice zai iya ci gaba saboda sakamakon babban tsari guda uku:
- haɓakar ƙãra na erythrocytes (hemolysis) tare da raɗaɗɗen sako na bilirubin mai narkewa cikin jini;
- lalacewar hanta Kwayoyin, wanda ke haifar da rashin aiki na bilirubin mai ruwa mai narkewa;
- ƙuntatawa (ƙullawa) a kan hanyar haɓakaccen bilirubin mai ruwa a cikin lumen na hanji. A wannan yanayin, ko da yawan adadin alade ba za a iya cire shi ba tare da feces da fitsari.
Jaundice Hemolytic
Ƙãra lalata erythrocytes na faruwa:
• a cikin yaran da ke da ƙwayar jini;
• marasa lafiya da malaria; a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sikila anemia;
• tare da tsinkayen spherocytosis (kasancewar wani nau'i na mahaukaci a cikin jini na erythrocytes).
Jaundice-cellular jaundice
Yarancin jijiyoyin asibiti yana tasowa a cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka, musamman ma a cikin hepatitis A, B, C, D da E. Jaundice kuma tare da cirrhosis da kuma amfani da wasu magunguna. Rayuwa na erythrocytes kusan kimanin kwanaki 120, bayan haka an hallaka su a cikin rami. A wannan yanayin, an saki bilirubin mai banƙyama, wanda kodan baya cire shi. Tare da jinin jini, ana aikawa zuwa hanta, inda ya juya zuwa wani nau'i na ruwa mai narkewa. Daga hanta, yawancin bilirubin mai yaduwa zai wuce ta cikin bile ducts a cikin gallbladder, daga can zuwa hanji. A cikin yatsun lumana, bilirubin mai narkewa yana ci gaba da aiki tare da sa hannu akan kwayoyin halitta don samar da wani abu wanda ya ba da launi mai launi zuwa ga feces. Urobilinogen - wani nau'i ne na bilirubin sarrafawa - an sanya shi a cikin jini kuma an cire shi da kodan da hanta.
Yana da mahimmanci don sanin dalilin jaundice.
• Kasancewar ɓangaren zafi da na jaundice na tsakiya yana iya nuna launuka.
• Kullum kara jaundice hade tare da asarar nauyi zai iya zama alamar ciwon ciwon gurgu. 1 Yin amfani da barasa ko amfani da kwayoyi a cikin tarihin tarihi ya haifar da lalacewar hanta.
Binciken gwaje-gwaje
• Gwajin jini don ƙayyade nau'in da kuma tsananin jaundice. Tare da jaundice obstructive, matakin ilimin hepatic na alkaline phosphatase yana ƙaruwa sosai. Kuskuren kwayoyin hanta yana tare da karuwa a cikin maida hankali na transaminases. Tare da anemia, gwajin jini zai gano ƙananan yawan adadin jinin jini da kuma kasancewar suturar sickles ko spherocytes. Duban dan tayi da sauran fasaha na fasaha za su tuna don bayyana irin ƙwarewar. Don tantance ilimin cutar hepatitis, mai yiwuwa ne ake buƙatar ciwon hanta. Yin amfani da magani ya dogara ne da nau'in da jawancin, I Hepatitis A bazai buƙatar magani na musamman. An umurci marasa lafiya su bi abinci da kuma guje wa shan barasa. Ba za a iya magance cutar ba tare da maganin antiviral ba. Jaundice damuwa na iya buƙatar aikin aiki dangane da dalilin ƙuntatawa da haɗinta. Mahimmanci a mafi yawan lokuta jaundice yana da kyau. Tsammani na hepatitis na kullum yakan faru idan:
- bayyanar cututtuka ba a warware su ba;
- hanta ya kara girma;
- a wuraren nazarin halittu na mutuwa na hanta Kwayoyin an gano su;
- An yi gwaje-gwaje da hanta a cikin watanni 6-12.
Magungunta da ciwon jima'i da magunguna musamman matsala ne babban matsala kuma zai haifar da rikitarwa kamar:
- rashin isasshen asibiti;
- zub da jini daga esophagus.
Ci gaban jaundice - alama ce ta yawan cututtukan hanta - za a iya hana shi. Don rigakafin ciwon ciwon ciwon hauka da ciwon haɗari tare da hanyar yin amfani da nau'i-nau'i (A da E) lokacin tafiya zuwa wurare masu zafi, dole ne a bi ka'idojin da suka biyo baya zuwa:
- Yi amfani kawai da Boiled ko ruwan kwalba, ko da don tsabtatawa hakora;
- Lokacin yin amfani da allunan don yin ruwa mai zurfi, kula da bin umarni;
- Ka guji cin abincin da aka adana ko a dafa shi cikin yanayin rashin lafiya;
- Kada ku yi amfani da kankara don shayar da sha kuma kada ku ci abincin da ba a kula da shi ba;
- wanke hannaye kafin cin abinci da bayan amfani da bayan gida.
Yin rigakafi na hepatitis, wanda ake daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar jini da kuma jima'i (B, C, D), yana bayar da:
- kauce wa jima'i;
- amfani da robar roba.