Babban masanin kirki Tertullian ya kira 'mata' ƙofar shaidan. ' An riga an rufe gashin gashi tare da fararen farar fata, kuma an haramta wutsiya - albarkar Allah ba ta raguwa ta hanyar gashin wasu mutane ba. A waɗannan lokuta, launin gashi baƙar fata ya zama mafi ƙaunar mata. Don cimma hakan, amfani da kyawawan girke-girke masu kwarewa da kisa. Ɗaya daga cikinsu an umurce su dafa a cikin man a kan wuta mai ƙananan jinin baƙar fata, da harsashi na tururuwa da wuyansa na tsuntsu mai ban mamaki, gaggoo. Wani kwanaki 60 a cikin vinegar, tare da tsire-tsire iri daban-daban na baki leeches, har sai sun ƙare. Bugu da kari, barbers ya shawarci abokan ciniki a yayin zanen gashi don ajiye man shanu a cikin bakinsu - don kada su yi magana da yawa kuma kada su yi hakoran hakora. Kuma mata domin kare kanka da saurin sauyawa sun kasance shirye don wani abu! An buɗe ma'anar kyakkyawar manufa - game da shi a cikin labarin.
Yin fansa da abin da ake ciki
A tsakiyar zamanai, kayan shafawa sun kasance a saman - godiya ga ci gaba da alchemy, sihiri da sihiri. Sauke-girke ta amfani da maciji da fatsun fure, ƙwaiyen ƙwai, jigon jaki da sauran kayan shafa na waje sun kasance a cikin mafi asiri. Ana amfani dasu magungunan gargajiya: launin gashi daga goge berries, itace ash kuma squeezed daban-daban ganye. An kashe gashi tare da kayan lambu kayan lambu, kuma don haka "pollen" ba ya gushewa ba, gashi yana a hankali a greased - amma a tsawon lokaci, kitsen ya fara girma, duk wannan laya ta ƙare ... Kuma maza sunyi keɓaɓɓen kansu tsakanin ƙaunar "duniya" da sallar platonic ga uwargidan zuciya. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa daga farkon shekarun zamanin tsakiyar zamanai babu, ko da wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafe na al'ada - tunanin da jiki - ƙauna tsakanin namiji da mace ya tsira. Watakila ba a can ba. Ƙauna da aure sun bambanta sosai: aure - cinikayya mai kyau, ƙauna - zane mai tsarki. A cikin karni na XII an samo wata ƙauna ta ƙauna ta ƙauna - ƙauna mai ƙauna, kotu, ko ƙauna mai girma. Dalilinsa: jarumin kotu, maet-troubadour (kudancin Faransa) ko Minnesinger (Jamus), waƙar ya nuna ƙaunarsa ga wata kyakkyawar mace, ta yi aure. Cikakkiyar ƙauna ba ta da tausayi - in ba haka ba abin da ke da muhimmanci idan matar tana samuwa! An yi watsi da brunettes - duk tsokanar da ake nufi da launin fata. Gashin gaskiyar kyakkyawar mata ta kasance "zinari" kullum, fuskarta tana "fari kamar lily," leɓunsa suna "shuɗi kamar fure." Kuma a cikin sanannen littafi mai suna "Tristan da Isolde" babban halayen ne ake haɗaka a tsakanin Isolde - wani Beloruka da aka yi aure da Belokura ƙaunatacce. Amma tsawon lokacin da mutum mai lafiya, ba tare da rashin sha'awarsa ba, ya watsi da kiran jiki, yana tsaye a ƙarƙashin baranda mai kyau marar iyaka? Yayinda yake da yarinya na 'yan mata na duniya - sun yi wa maza jin dadi, sun ba da sha'awar mutane, kuma ba su da mafarkin kodayake. Dark shine ya zama sigina mai karfi: sun nuna mafi asirin wurin mace - pubis. Amma masu launin gashi suna tafiya tare da gefen gefen ruwa - mummunan haushi yana nufin abin da yake da tsabta, saboda haka ana ƙone maiginsu akai a kan gungumomi kamar maƙaryaci. A cikin zane na wannan lokaci, masu zunubi da mata da ke da halayya mai karfi suna nuna su ne kamar launin gashi.
Haihuwar mai laushi
Kalmar "launin gashi" ya bayyana a lokacin Renaissance: a karo na farko a rubuce, an ambaci kalmar a Ingila a 1481 kuma ya nuna sautin "tsakanin zinariya da haske chestnut". A zamanin Elizabeth I a Ingila, kayan shafa an ƙauna. A daraja shi ne tsarin sarauta: babban goshin, fuskar fuska da alli, launi mai laushi, launin ruwan hoda. Don kare kanka da kyau, mata sun tafi hadayu na jahannama, wani lokacin suna damun rayukansu. An yi fentin idanu tare da gwangwani, wanda ya haddasa hangen nesa kuma zai iya haifar da makanta. An yi fuska da fuska da kuma sashin layi tare da gubar gubar mai guba da kuma mercury manna. Sakamakon shi ne hasara na hakori, lalata fata, cuta da jinkirin mutuwa - abubuwa masu guba sun shiga jini. Wasu, duk da haka, sun yi aiki da kyau: don ba da fata fata, suna yin sautin kai tsaye. A nan ne halayen ma'anar girke na karni na 16: "Dauke fararen pigeons kuma ku ciyar da su har kwanaki 15 kawai tare da tsaba na Pine; sa'an nan kuma, gabobin da suke ciki sun haɗu tare da gurasa na gurasa marar yisti, daɗa su a cikin madarar almond, suna ƙara girar girasa 400 na gwano da kuma fatun alade. An wanke wannan cakuda a kan zafi kadan - zaku sami fuska mai ban mamaki. " Renaissance ya kawo iska mai canji. Wannan salon ya ƙunshi nau'o'i daban-daban na jan. Botticelli ya ƙunshi nauyin kyawawan launin fata a cikin zane "Haihuwar Venus", wanda ya nuna kyakkyawan kyau na Florence, Simonetta Vespucci. Dawowar alloli na ƙauna da kyakkyawa na Venus ya zama alamomi - mace ta fito ne daga tsaka-tsakin turaren platonic a duniya, samun nama da jini. Yayin da Petrarch ya bauta wa mikiyar Laura, wanda ba shi da kyan gani, abokinsa Giovanni Boccaccio ya kafa wani abin tunawa ga son zuciyarsa, ba tare da nuna sha'awar "Decameron" ba.
Abin mamaki na "duhu kyakkyawa"
A kotu na Louis XIV, a kowace shekara, har zuwa biliyan biyu na kowane kayan da aka yi da aka ɓata. A cikin zamanin Baroque, kawai wutsi ne aka fentin, kuma gashi, kamar a tsakiyar zamanai, an shayar da shi da karɓa da kariminci. Don muffle wanda ba a iya jurewa ba, an kara nutseg a foda. Ƙarshen duk wannan kayan ado ya kai a zamanin Rococo, wanda ake la'akari da lokacin haihuwar ƙaunar soyayya. Duk da haka, kwanakin wannan lokaci ya daidaita a Faransa tare da rashin cin amfanin gona, kuma a Paris, ba wai kawai aka kwashe kukis ba, amma har da katse wigs tare da gari aka dakatar. Sa'an nan kuma an yi amfani da foda. Kuma mata sun ci gaba da cutar da fata tare da mai guba da kuma pastes daga Mercury da kai fararen. Amma ɗan littafin Ingilishi ya bi da kyakkyawa mai kyau, kuma a shekara ta 1779 aka ba da doka: "Mace ta kowane lokaci, ko ta yarinya, mace mai aure ko kuma gwauruwa wadda ta yi amfani da turare, maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin shafawa, ƙwaƙwalwa, haɗari ko crinoline, ya dace da sihiri, kuma aurensa za a soke shi. " A ƙarshen karni na XVIII, mai girma mai ba da haske Jean-Jacques Rousseau ya bukaci masu zamani su dawo daga rayuwa mai ban mamaki da manyan gidaje da gado zuwa yanayin budurwa. Ya koyar: Mutumin gaske, mai farin ciki baya rayuwa a cikin ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayoyi, amma a cikin sassan layi waɗanda ba a taɓa ganin su ta hanyar wayewa ba, daga nesa, a cikin inuwar dabino. Tunan jiragen ruwa sun riga sun gano wadannan wurare na sama - tsibiran tsibirai, misali Tahiti, zuwa gabar tekun a shekarar 1788 mai karfin birane na Birtaniya. A nan ne, 'yan Ingila masu cin gashin kansu sun rinjaye su ta hanyar jima'i na fata na fata da fure-fure, da furanni masu ban sha'awa - kuma mafarki na "kyakkyawar kyakkyawa" ya kawo Turai. Kuma yanzu Lord Byron ya waka a cikin waƙoƙin "Tahitian Venus."
Rashin fashewar tashin hankali
- An gwada gwaje-gwajen mata kan kansu. Alal misali, an dauki gishiri mai mahimmanci irin su magnesia bisulphate ko cakuda mai yalwa - duk da gargadi na marubucin cewa irin wannan "lotions" na iya ci ba kawai launin gashi ba, har ma gashin gashi, kullun har ma da kwakwalwa. Ƙwararrun gwaninta na zinariya da arsenic ko cadmium - wanda sau da yawa ya haifar da wani mummunan sakamako. Daga nan sai ka'idar ta zo: launi mai duhu na gashi ya haifar da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jiki, shine ya tsayar da shi da acid - kuma kai mai farin ne! An umarci mata su shayar da kwayar oxalic tare da ruwa da sha har sai acid "ya kai fata". Ƙarshen wannan barbarity ya sanya sabon abu na hydrogen peroxide. A shekara ta 1870, a farkon lokaci tare da taimakonta, ya samu gashi mai haske, bayan da ya fahimci mafarkin miliyoyin mata - da sauri kuma sauƙi ya zama baƙar fata ba tare da lalata lafiyar da rayuwa ba. A farkon karni na 20, sabon nau'i na mata ya zo cikin launi - yarinya, kyauta, haɗari da jima'i, ya haifar da yarinyar mace. Kuma a ina inda jima'i - akwai blondes. Abubuwan da ke cikin 30su sune matan fata na Hollywood - Marlene Dietrich mai sanyi da kuma Mae West mai zafi (bita a kan allo a cikin shekaru 39!). Ba da daɗewa ba ya fashe jima'i jima'i Jane Mansfield - da kuma lokacin da ake yi da furanni mai launin fata. A shekara ta 1925, wani marubucin marubuci da marubuta na Amurka Anita Luz, ya fito da wani littafi mai ban mamaki mai suna "Mazaunan Yammacin Yammacin Yammacin Duniya", wanda aka kirkiro shi da fim din Hollywood tare da Jane Russell a shekara ta 1953 a matsayin mai launin fata da Marilyn Monroe. Zane-zane yana da mamaki sosai, kuma ta yi farin ciki ga masu kasuwa na perhydrol. Kuma hotunan Monroe na farauta don miliyoyin kayayyaki ya zama abin juyawa ga dukan al'adun launin fata. An haifi streotype mafi girma daga cikin launin fata: ƙwaƙƙwarar kirki, ƙwararrun sexy, wanda abokansa mafi kyau shine lu'u-lu'u, kuma mafarki mai dadi shine ya sa mahalarta su yi. Tun daga wannan lokacin, an yi amfani da hoto mai ban sha'awa da aka yi amfani da ita. Duk da haka, yanzu, ga alama, wannan hoton ya kawo ƙarshen: an lalata wawa marar lalacewa ta hanyar "launi a cikin doka". A cikin zuciyarsa tana ja. Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata akwai mummunar labari: launukan fata suna da wuya a kashe su. An yi tsammani cewa, a cikin 2200 a wani wuri a Scandinavia, inda kashi 80 cikin 100 na dukan mutanen da ke cikin duniya suke rayuwa, wanda za a haife shi a duniya. Amma akwai labari mai kyau: yayin da akwai hydrogen, barns ba za su je ko'ina ba!