Menene thermoregulation?
Don haka, bari mu fara da ka'idar. Tsarin gyaran yawan zafin jiki yana yawan maye gurbinsu da kalma ɗaya dace - thermoregulation. A cikin kwakwalwa akwai cibiyar musamman wanda ke da alhakin tsari na yanayin jiki. Kwayoyin cibiyar thermoregulatory suna karɓar sakonni daga ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙananan ƙananan, wanda ake kira thermoreceptors. Ana gano magunguna a kusan dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda, amma mafi yawa cikin fata. Cibiyoyin thermoregulatory ɗan adam yana da bambanci, yana kunshe da ƙungiyoyi biyu na sel. Wasu suna da alhakin samar da zafi, wasu suna da alhakin sauyawar zafi. Hakanan haɓakawar zafi yana haɗuwa da aikin mutum. Wannan shine samar da wutar. Daga zafin rana, dole ne a shirya jikin - yana canja wurin zafi. Tun da yawan zafin jiki na jikin mutum yana da daidaito, wannan na nufin cewa a lafiyar jiki, yadda za a samar da zafin rana, da yawa kuma ya rasa. Saboda haka, samar da zazzabi da sauyin zafi yana cikin ma'auni mai daidaituwa, kuma a cikin mafi rinjaye na mutane wannan daidaituwa ta nuna ta lamba 36.6 ° C.
Wane zazzabi za a iya la'akari da al'ada ga yaro?
Yanayin jikin jikin ya bambanta da na tsofaffi. Kyakkyawan jariri, alal misali, yana da matsakaicin 0.3 C mafi girma fiye da jikin jiki na mahaifiyarsa. Nan da nan bayan haihuwar, zazzaɓin jikin jiki ya rage ta 1-2 C, amma bayan sa'o'i 12-24 sai ya tashi zuwa 36-37 ° C. A cikin farkon watanni 3 na rayuwa yana da ƙarfi kuma yana dogara sosai da abubuwan waje (barci, abinci, swaddling, sigogi na iska). Duk da haka, jigilar yawan canjin yanayi a wannan zamani ba ta wuce 0.6 Cc, kuma a cikin yara fiye da shekaru 3 ya kai 1 C. Wani bincike da yawa ya nuna cewa a cikin yara a karkashin shekaru biyar adadin jiki na jiki ya wuce na tsofaffi da 0.3 -0.4 C.
Me ya sa jikin jiki ya tashi?
Dalili na ƙara yawan zafin jiki na iya zama da yawa, alal misali, tare da aikin jiki mai tsanani (ƙwayoyin kwangila na yau da kullum suna haifar da zafi mai tsawo don ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda jiki ba zai iya zubar da ruwa ba), idan al'amuran zazzabi na al'ada sun kakkarye (yarinya yana da kyakkyawan ado, ɗakin yana da dumi) . Amma sau da yawa saukin jiki yana tashi, idan wani abu yana shafar tsakiyar thermoregulation. A karkashin wannan "abu" an ɓoye pyrogens - abubuwa masu ilimin halitta da ke haifar da karuwa a jikin jiki .Pirogens ne masu haɗari masu yawa na yawan cututtuka (kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, protozoa, parasites). A tsakiyar thermoregulation, magunguna suna neman su kafa sababbin misali (ba 36.6 ba. , kuma, misali, 39 ° C), wanda jiki zai fara yin gwagwarmaya, da farko, ta hanyar ƙara yawan zafi (ta hanyar kunna metabolism ko haddasa girgiza), kuma ta biyu, ta rage ragewar zafi (iyakancewan jini a cikin fata, rage yawan gumi).
Yaya za a fahimci abin da jariri yake da lafiya, idan zafin jiki ya karu?
Yunƙurin cikin zazzabi a sama da al'ada shi ne ko da yaushe saboda wasu dalilai. Mun riga mun taɓa wasu daga cikinsu - overheating, kamuwa da cuta, kumburi, ciwo, damuwa da damuwa, da kuma amfani da wasu magunguna, da dai sauransu. Ka tuna cewa ƙaruwar jikin jiki yana daya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka, bayan nazarin sauran, likita ya nuna asali. Kuma a cikin mafi yawan lokuta masu yawa, yana da mahimmanci:
1. zafi + zawo = kamuwa da cuta na tsakiya;
2. zafi a cikin kunne = otitis;
3. zazzabi + snot da tari = babbar kamuwa da cutar ta jiki mai cututtuka, ko ARVI (yawanci yawan cutar zafin jiki a yara);
4.Timirin zafi + da ƙanshi na gumis = hakora an yanke;
5. zazzabi + rash tare da vesicles = chickenpox;
6.Temperatura + haɗiye sosai mai raɗaɗi, a cikin makogwaro, abscesses = ciwon makogwaro.
Babban abin da zan so in kusantar da hankalin iyayenku: ko da yaya ma'anar ganewar ta iya zama alama a gare ku, likita ya kamata ya ba da sunan zuwa cutar, kuma likita ne wanda dole ne ya san yadda aka gano wannan kuma an riga an la'anta shi da rashin lafiya!
A yawan zazzabi, yawan tasirin phagocytosis yana ƙaruwa. Phagocytosis shine iyawar kayyadadden kwayoyin halitta - phagocytes - don kamawa da sarrafa kwayoyin halitta, kwayoyin waje, da sauransu.
Ƙara yawan jiki zai haifar da rage yawan ci abinci, tattara tsarin tsarin narkewa domin magance magunguna.
Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana rage yawan aikin motar. Kyakkyawan hanyar da za ta adana makamashi kuma aika shi zuwa tashar mafi dacewa.
Hakan da aka yi da jiki ya sanar da iyaye game da cutar, ya ba da damar kimanta halin da ake ciki kuma a lokacin da ya dace don magance lafiyar likita.
Rashin hankali a cikin yanayin jiki yana da wasu alamu a wasu cututtuka da kuma wasu matakai na cutar. Sanin waɗannan alamu suna taimaka wajen ganewar asali.
Ciki jiki yana da mahimmanci na alama game da cutar da cutar da kuma tasiri. Kuma duk abin da muke fada a nan, akwai mummunar mummunar mummunan zafin jiki.
Mene ne ba daidai ba wajen inganta yawan zafin jiki?
Da farko, yana da damuwa marar kyau: yana da zafi, sa'an nan kuma sanyi, sa'an nan kuma ku gumi, to, hakori ba za ta sami hakori ba - a gaba ɗaya, abin da aka bayyana a nan, yawancin iyaye na "launi" zazzabi yana da damar da za ta iya gani.
Ƙara yawan zafin jiki yana haɓaka asarar ruwa. Da fari dai, saboda numfashi yana da sauri, kuma, saboda haka, yawan ruwa ya ɓace zuwa ruwan sanyi na iska, kuma, na biyu, saboda akwai furcin da aka furta. Wadannan hasara na hasara (har ila yau suna hasara) suna haifar da zubar da jini. A sakamakon haka - cin zarafi na jini zuwa gabobin da kwayoyin da yawa, da bushewa daga ƙwayoyin mucous, da karuwar tasirin kwayoyi.
Ƙara yawan zazzabi na jiki yana rinjayar hali da halin da yaron ke yi: kuka, rashin jin dadi, rashin tausayi, rashin yarda da amsa ga buƙatun iyaye. Duk wannan, bi da bi, yana rinjayar tasirin jiyya: akalla yaro da yawan zafin jiki na yaudare don shayar magani yana da sauki.
Ƙara yawan jiki zai haifar da karuwa a buƙatar jiki don oxygen - kamar kowane nau'i na yawan zazzabi a sama da al'ada, haɗin oxygen yana ƙaruwa da 13%.
Wani sifa na tsarin tsarin tausayi na yara (har zuwa shekaru biyar) - yawan zafin jiki na jiki zai iya haifar da hanzari. Irin wannan nau'in ba shi da sababbin al'ada, har ma sun sami sunan da ake kira "febrile seizures" (daga Latin febris - "zazzabi"). Samun yiwuwar cin zarafi na ƙwayar mace yana da muhimmanci a cikin yara tare da cututtuka na tsarin mai juyayi.
Ƙara yawan zafin jiki na jikin yaron shine damuwa ga iyayensa. Wannan bayani ba a san shi ba ne ga wata babbar ƙungiya ta iyali, sabili da haka, ƙimar ƙaramin yaron yana sau da yawa tare da tsoro da kuma yawancin maganganu da amfani da kalmomin "ƙonewa", "rasa", "hagu don rayuwa" ... Rashin halayen motsin zuciyar mutum ya haifar da magani a hanyoyi masu yawa, zuwa gwaje-gwajen da ba a yarda da shi ba, kuma mai saurin kalubalanta. Yanayin jin tsoro na shugaban Kirista da mahaifiyarsa, ko da gangan ko kuma ba da gangan ba, yana shafar ayyukan likita wanda aka tilasta yin rubutun magani ba don rage yawan t mperatury jikin yaron, yadda za a rage sha'awa.
Yaushe ya kamata za a bi da zazzabi?
Ba asiri ga kowa ba cewa kowane mutum (babba ko yaron - ba mahimmanci) yana da canjin canjin yanayi daban-daban a jiki. Akwai yara da suka yi tsalle, tsalle kuma an umarce su su ci a 39.5 C, kuma akwai ruguwa, kwance da wahala a kowace hanya a 37.5 S. Yara ya yi mummunan, amma thermometer ya nuna kawai 37.5 C. Menene ma'aunin zafi ya yi da ita? Ga yaron ya yi mummunan - bari mu taimakawa (don amfani da magunguna). Ko zafin zazzabi yana tasiri sosai game da halin da yaron yake ciki: kada ku ciyar, ko ku sha, ko kuma ku sa ... Bari mu rage yawan zafin jiki na jiki kuma za mu tattauna.
Bugu da ƙari, lura cewa sanya likita magani ya zama likita!
Yaya za a taimaki yaran da ba zazzaɓi ba tare da magani?
Ba abin mamaki ba ne muka fara wannan hira tare da ma'anar da fassarar ma'anonin thermoregulation. Yanzu ya bayyana a fili: don rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin hanyar halitta, yana da muhimmanci don rage yawan ƙarar zafi kuma ƙara ƙimar zafi. Ga wasu hanyoyi don cimma wannan:
Ayyukan motsi yana ƙara yawan tasirin zafi, yayin da haɗin gwiwar zaman lafiya da kuma kallon wasan kwaikwayo ya rage yawan tasirin zafi.
Cries-creams, hysterics da kuma hanyoyi na hanyoyi don bayyana dangantakarsu yana ƙara yawan zafi.
Kyakkyawan iska a cikin dakin inda yarinyar yake a jikin jiki mai tsanani yana da kimanin 20 ± 25 C, tare da 18 ° C fiye da 22 ° C.
Jiki ya rasa zafi ta hanyar samuwa da kuma cirewa daga gumi, amma yin amfani da wannan tashar wutar lantarki zai yiwu ne kawai idan akwai wani abu don gumi. Ba abin mamaki bane a wannan haɗin cewa bayarwa na ruwa a cikin jikin lokaci shine daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a taimaka wajen kara yawan zafin jiki. A wasu kalmomi, abin sha. Fiye da ba da abin sha ga jariri? Mafi kyau - da ake kira rehydrating jamiái na gwamnati baki daya. Irin wannan kwayoyi ana sayar da su a cikin kantin magani (misali, Gastrolit, Hydrovit, Glukosolan, Regidrare, Regidron). Sun ƙunshi sodium, potassium, chlorine da wasu abubuwa da suka cancanci ga jiki. Foda, kwamfutar hannu ko granules an shafe shi da ruwan Boiled, kuma an samu bayani mai kyau. Yaya za ku iya ba abin sha ga jariri? Tea (black, kore, fruity, tare da raspberries, lemun tsami ko finely yankakken apples); compote na dried 'ya'yan itatuwa (apples, raisins, dried apricots, prunes); decoction na raisins (wani tablespoon na raisins steamed 200 ml, daga ruwan zãfi a cikin wani thermos ruwan 'ya'yan itace).
Kasance lafiya!