Scarlet zazzabi
Scarlet zazzabi wata cuta ne wanda ke haifar da kwayoyin streptococcus. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun hada da zazzabi, tonsillitis, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zuciya, bayyanar launuka masu launin fata a fata. Cikakken ƙwayar cutar zazzaɓi ne na kowa a cikin yara masu shekaru 2-10, yawanci annobar cutar ana kiyaye a cikin hunturu ko bazara. Game da shari'ar daya daga cikin ashirin a cikin yara da ciwon makogwaro da kuma zazzabi an gano cutar zazzaɓi. Lokacin shiryawa yana takaice (yawanci 1-2 days). Yawon shakatawa suna bayyana kwanaki 1-2 bayan fara cutar, mafi sau da yawa a kan wuyansa da kirji, sannan kuma yadawa a ko'ina. Ƙwayoyin da ke tare da ƙuƙwalwar fata za su iya samun nauyin nau'i mai nauyin nau'i, dangane da halaye na mutum, amma yawanci ba su haifar da rikice-rikice masu haɗari ba kuma suna da sauƙi magani. Hoto na ci gaba da kimanin mako guda, bayan da suka ɓace, fata a cikin karar da kuma a kan yatsun yatsun hannu da yatsun kafa zasu iya kwashe. Ana bi da zafin zafin jiki, kamar ciwon gwiwoyi, tare da maganin rigakafi da ke hallaka kwayoyin cuta, da kuma sauran hutawa, shayarwa mai ma'ana, analgesics da antipyretic jamiái. Idan ba tare da maganin rigakafi ba, zazzaɓi zazzabi, kamar tonsillitis, zai iya shiga cikin cututtukan kunne, sinusitis, ƙumburi na lymphatic gland (lymphadenitis), suppuration na tonsils. Rashin damuwa mafi hatsari shine rheumatism da koda koda (glomerulonephritis) ko zuciya (rheumatic cardiopathy). Mafi ma'auni na rigakafin rigakafi ne.
Rubella
Rubella wani ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu kamuwa da cututtuka, wanda shine bayyanar spots ko rashes a kan fata da kumburi na gland na katako. Mafi sau da yawa yakan faru a cikin yara. Idan balagar balagaggu ba, zubar da ciki a cikin mata masu ciki yakan kai ga mutuwar jaririn da ba a haifa ba. Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 10-23, kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa 1 -2 days kafin farawar raguwa, ciwon kamuwa yana cigaba da sauran kwanaki 6-7 bayan da ya ɓace. Rubella ta wuce kusan asymptomatically ko yana tare da ƙaramin dan lokaci a yawan zafin jiki. Rawuri mai laushi (wanda zai iya zama daban-daban) na farko yana bayyana akan fuska da kirji da kuma yadawa a jikin jiki a cikin sa'o'i 24. A rash yawanci bace bayan 1-5 days. Bugu da ƙari, ƙuƙwalwa mai fadi, wani lokaci ma mai zafi. Babu magani mai tsafta. Idan an hada shi da zazzabi da rashin jin daɗi, ana bada shawarar daukar magunguna don taimakawa wadannan bayyanar cututtuka. Alurar rigakafin cutar kyanda, rubella da mumps (MMR) yana tabbatar da kariya daga rubella don rayuwa. Yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa alurar rigakafin kare lafiyar cutar da watsawa, saboda haka, yana kare 'ya'yan da ke gaba.
Matakan
Rashin ƙwayar cuta ce mai cututtuka wanda wakilan iyalin paramyxoviruses ke haifarwa. Sakamakon yana da matukar damuwa, an kawo shi ta hanyar kai tsaye tare da mai ɗaukar jirgin sama ko ta iska (misali, ta hanyar sneezing). Yawancin lokaci yatsun ya faru a cikin yara masu shekaru 1 zuwa 4, amma bayan da ake yin maganin rigakafi, annobar cutar ta zama rare. Lokacin shiryawa yana kimanin kwanaki 10, ƙimar kamuwa da cuta tana faruwa a kwanaki 4-5, ko da ma kafin alamun farko na cutar ya bayyana. Yawancin lokaci yatsun yana da kwanaki 10 daga bayyanar farkon bayyanar cututtuka. Da ya tsira daga kyanda, yaron ya samo rigakafi da ita don rayuwa. Da farko, akwai zazzabi, ƙwaƙwalwa, catarrhal samfurori, hypersensitivity zuwa haske, conjunctivitis, tari tari. A kan fuska da wuyansa akwai rash wanda zai fara yadawa a jikin jikinsa kuma yana rufe shi a cikin kwanaki 2. A wannan mataki, yaron zai iya samun babban zazzabi - har zuwa 40 C, a wasu lokuta - ciwo na ciki, zawo kuma har ma vomiting. Mafi yawan rikitarwa a cikin kyanda, musamman a jarirai, sune cututtukan kunne na tsakiya da cututtuka na numfashi irin su ciwon huhu. Sakamakon da wuya yakan haifar da rashin lafiya. Tare da shirye-shiryen maganin alurar rigakafin yau da kullum, cututtuka na cutar kyanda ba su da wuya, tare da kamuwa da cuta da aka ba da shawara a wuri na farko da kwayoyi wanda ya rage yawan zafin jiki da kuma taimaka tari.
Chicken Pox
Wannan cututtukan cututtuka na haifar da cuticella zoster virus (VZV), wanda shine dalilin herpes zoster (lichen) a cikin mutane fiye da shekaru 65. Daga dukan cututtuka tare da ƙuƙwalwar fata, an yi la'akari da adadin kazaminci. Kwayar cutar kaza yana samuwa a cikin yara shekaru 2-8, daga Janairu zuwa Mayu. Abokan iya zama kamuwa da cutar idan ba su da shi a cikin yarinyar. Lokacin sauyawa yana wucewa, don kusan makonni 2. Ana biye da shi a hankali a cikin zafin jiki da kuma barihargy, a jiki yana da ciwon daji wanda ke ci gaba da yada zuwa fuska da ƙwayoyi na tsawon kwanaki 3-4. Sa'an nan kuma spots juya zuwa kumfa. Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba, sai dai wadanda suka bushe, a maimakonsu an kafa su, wanda sannu-sannu ya ɓace. Varicella yawanci ana daukar kwayar cutar ne ta hanyar kai tsaye tare da vesicles, a cikin mataki kafin kafawar scab, tun da ruwa dauke da su yana da babban taro na cutar. Haka kuma cutar za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar iska, tare da ɓoyewar yanayin motsin rai na masu dauke da cutar. Kwancen kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta an kiyaye shi na kwanaki 1 -2 kafin bayyanuwar kumfa kuma yana kwana biyar bayan ta fara.
Mafi yawan rikice-rikice na pox na kaji shine cututtuka na biyu a shafin yanar gizo na vesicles, wanda yawancin kwayoyin cutar Staphylococcus aureus da Staphylococcus pyogenes ke haifarwa. A cikin hanta, wasu lokuta wasu cututtuka da cutar ta haifar da cutar ta varicella-zoster kanta, kuma ko da yake suna da wuya su ba da alamar cututtuka, duk da haka, suna iya haifar da sakamako na neuro. Binciken varicella-zoster yana haifar da ciwon huhu a cikin manya. A lokacin da rigakafi ko magani tare da kwayoyin immunosuppressant (chemotherapy, corticosteroids), hadarin mai tsanani varicella zoster tare da ciwon huhu da sauran rikitarwa ne musamman high. Matsalar wuya a yara suna da wuya. Babban mahimmanci shi ne easing da itching haifar da vesicles, kuma a wasu lokuta amfani da acyclovir, magani a kan varicella cutar.
Erythema cuta
Ciki mai cutar, ko megaloeritis, yana tare da halayen halayen kirji a kan kirji da hannayensu da kuma karfi mai ladabi na cheeks. Ba don kome ba ne cewa wannan cuta ana kiranta "laka a fuska". Parvovirus yana haddasa hadarin erythema. Kafin bayyanar raguwa, catarrhal phenomena ko pharyngitis zai iya faruwa, kazalika da ƙaramar ƙara yawan zafin jiki. Ana lura da Rashes a cikin makonni masu yawa ko ma watanni, wani lokacin da rana ko zafi suke inganta. A cikin tsofaffi, erythema yana tare da ciwon haɗari a fuska, ciwon haɗin gwiwa, har ma da alamar cututtukan arthritis. Cutar da ke cikin ciki bazai haifar da mahaukaci a cikin tayin ba, amma yana kara haɗarin rashin haɗuwa.
Yara da yara
Roseola (wanda yake wucewa), wanda aka fi sani da "cutar ta shida", ta haifar da cutar ta asalinta ta shida, yana da babban zazzaɓi da ƙuƙwalwar fata. Roseola yana ɗauke da kimanin kashi 30 cikin 100 na jarirai da ke da shekaru 4-24, ana samuwa a cikin 'ya'yan da suka tsufa, amma da wuya. Lokacin tsawon lokacin shiryawa shine 5-15 days. Ana iya gano cutar ta hanyar yawan zazzabi da kuma raguwa. Heat yana da kwanaki 3-4, kuma lokacin da ya fadi, rash mai rawaya ya bayyana - da farko a kan kirji, sa'an nan kuma a fuska, ciki da kuma karamin ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Roseola ba shi da matsaloli, wani lokacin ana bincikarsa a hankali, bayan bayyanar raguwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa za'a iya rikita rikici tare da pharyngitis ko kamuwa da kamuwa da kunne saboda yawan zafin jiki a hade tare da ciwon makogwaro ko a kunne. Yanzu mun san irin irin yara kamuwa da fata.