Masarautar Maltese mai ban dariya ce, mai aminci kuma mai basira mai kirki wanda ke da masaniya da masaniyar mai shi kuma yana da zumunci ga dabbobi. Tana da farin ciki da karfin gaske, yana da kyau don kiyaye ta cikin ɗaki, amma ci gaba da shahararrunta har yanzu yana cike da ƙwaƙwalwa da kulawa da kyan gani mai kyau. A sauran sauran kare lafiya ne, wanda yake da kyau tare da karamin motsa jiki, ko da yake yana iya yin tafiya mai tsawo. Kamar yadda ka sani, motsin lafiyar ne, kuma dukkanin yara, ciki har da Maltese, suna da tsawon lokaci, suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 16 zuwa 18 da kuma tsawon lokaci. Kodayake gaskiyar karewar Maltese lapdog (ko maltese) na bukatar kulawa da hankali, yana da daraja.
Abin da ke cikin lakabi?
Sunan Maltese bolognese, ko maltese, ya ba tsibirin Malta na tsibirin Rum. Fassara daga Italiyanci "Maltese" ko "Maltese", kamar yadda muke magana a wasu lokuta, kamar yadda kalmar Ingilishi ta keɓaɓɓe ta kalma daidai yake, wanda a cikin irin wannan rubutu yana kama da "Moltese" na nufin "Maltese" ko "Maltese" (mazauni tsibirin Malta). A Rasha, wadannan karnuka sun san dadewa kuma sunaye sunaye - Maltese lapdog. Dukan fararen shaggy a kasarmu sun fara kira bolognese bayan an fara kawo su daga Bologna. Irin wadannan karnuka daga Malta sune ake kira Maltese. Ya kamata a lura da cewa Italiya ta samo asali na wani nau'i na bolognese, a cikin ra'ayi - dukan kullun da aka yi. Bugu da ƙari, Maltese, ko kare Maltese, a cikin takardun mu da kuma wallafe-wallafen har sai da aka kira da sunan Maltese Pinscher (wani lokacin har ma Maltese Terrier, wanda ba daidai ba ne). Watakila mafi kyau sunan wannan irin a cikin Rasha zai zama "Maltese kare" ko "Maltese".
Girman banza.
Karnuka Maltese na ƙarni da yawa sun kasance masu mashahuri kuma suna ƙaunar. A tsohuwar Girka da Roma a gidajen masu arziki sun kasance masu hidima na musamman da kuma likitoci don kula da dabbobi. Sau da yawa gabanin karnuka Maltese sun shaida matsayin matsayi na masu mallakar da dukiyoyinsu. Mawallafin ɗan littafin Greek mai suna Oppian ya bayyana cewa karnuka fararen suna cika abubuwan da masu mallakar su ke yi, suna masu ba'a. Pliny ya yi iƙirarin cewa, wanda yake da "kayan da ke da mahimmanci", waɗannan mutane hudu sunyi warkar da ran mutum, suna ta'azantar da shi. Game da kullun daya daga cikin shugabannin Malta, tsohon Roman poet Martial ya rubuta cewa: "Issa yana da karin wasa fiye da tsuntsu, Issa yana da kyau fiye da sumba na tattabarai, mafi alheri fiye da budurwa, mafi daraja fiye da ɗayan Indiya."
A lokacin Jihadi masoya Maltese sun zo ƙasashen Turai da yawa. Jagoran sun kawo kyauta masu farin ciki ga matansu. Karnuka Maltese sun lalace cikin ƙauna tare da dukan kotun sarauta na Turai. Sun kasance tare da Filiban Filibius Filibi II, Sarkin Faransa na Louis XIV, Tsohuwar Catherine II.
Har ila yau, masu zane-zane ba za su iya watsi da irin wadannan jaridu hudu masu daraja ba: Bolonok, zaune a hannun mutane masu daraja, ana iya gani a cikin zane-zane na masu fasaha da yawa - Titian, Veronese, Durer, Goya, Rubens, Tintoretto.
Tarihin zamani.
A cikin nune-nunen Turanci na farko, an nuna karnuka Maltese karkashin sunan "Maltese Terrier" ko "Maltese Spaniel" (ƙaunar Turanci don tayarwa da kuma spaniels da aka nuna a cikin labarun Tibet, ba tare da karnuka Birtaniya da ba su da: Terret Tibet da Tibetan spaniel). Wasu daga cikin karnuka da aka nuna suna da tsabta, wasu an shirya su a karkashin zaki.
Zabin da kiwo a kan dabi'un da ake so ya haifar da samuwar nau'o'in bolonok. A cikin littafin "Dogs na zamani" (1894) Ravdon Lee yayi jayayya cewa saboda damuwa mai kulawa da karnuka Maltese ba zai taba shahara ba. (A wannan lokacin, gashin tsuntsu na "Maltese" an yi shiru don raguwa, ba tare da kullun gashin gashi a kai ba, don haka karnuka sun tunatar da Lhasa Apso.) Duk da haka, sa'a, marubucin ya kuskure: yanzu nauyin ya yadu. Dole ne in faɗi cewa, ba shakka, dabbobin da suke zaune kusa da mai shi, sun fi farin ciki. A gare su, wasu sakaci a cikin "hairstyle" ya ba da kyauta tare da kyauta mai ban sha'awa. Abin takaici, wannan ba za a iya fada game da mummunar nuni na zamani ba, musamman ma wadanda ke cinyewa da manyan dabbobi: hotuna masu nunawa suna tilasta su zama kamar tsuntsaye a cikin cages, saboda hanyar da gashi mai launin fari, wanda yafi kare, ya buƙaci kulawa ta musamman. Duk da haka, masu ƙauna suna samun dama, a gefe guda, don kiyaye gashin gashi, don haka ya zama dole don cin nasara a nune-nunen, don haka, kuma a gefe guda ba sa hana hawan tafiya a cikin iska, kuma kamar sauran karnuka, suna so sosai.
Masu wakiltar wannan nau'in suna kasancewa cikin nau'in karnuka masu "alatu", wadanda har yanzu a yau, koda kuwa sun bayyana a gabanmu a cikin nau'i na kwikwiyo tare da gashi na musamman. Yana cikin wannan nau'i cewa uwargidan, yarima Faransa mai suna Patricia Kaas, mai aminci Tequila tana tare da ita duk inda; sun rabu, watakila, kawai lokacin da tauraron ya bukaci shiga cikin mataki.
A nune-nunen kwararru masu bambanci rarrabe tsakanin nau'i biyu na maltese: Turai da Amurka. Karnuka na Turai sun fi girma, tare da jiki mai tsawo da kuma tsayi mai tsawo (musamman saboda ƙuƙwalwa). Amurkawa sun fi ƙanƙanta, ƙaramin karami da abin da ake kira "jariri", wanda abin da yake takaitaccen abu (abin da yake sau da yawa tare da ciwo mai ciwo) yana ba wa kare wata maganganu mai mahimmanci, wanda yake kunshe da kunnuwa mai sauƙi, wanda ba a iya gani a cikin gashin.
Kula da gashin.
Za a raba shi a cikin kwanaki uku.
Na farko: daga 3 zuwa 6 - 8 watanni. Kyakkyawan gashi (ƙwaƙwalwa) mai sauƙi, wadda take fara fara girma, tana buƙatar haɗaka ta yau da kullum. Wani lokaci ana buƙatar yin aiki sau da yawa a rana.
Na biyu: daga 8 zuwa 12 - watanni 18. Jirgin kare ya fara canzawa kuma ya sami tsawon isa. Tuni da shekarun 10 zuwa 15 da tsawon gashin kare ya zama daidai da ci gabanta. Akwai bukatar cire shi a cikin farji, don kare shi daga datti da rauni.
Na uku: Daga 12 zuwa 18 watanni kafin karshen aikin nuni. Wuta ne mai tsabta mai dusar ƙanƙara, ba tare da girma da kare ba daga 3 - 10 cm. Irin wannan gashin dole ne a cire shi a cikin hairpins. Kowace lokacin da yake haɗuwa, dole ne a ƙaddara ƙarshen gashi don cimma wata kyakkyawan layi a ƙasa.
A yayin da baza ku iya kare kare a kowace rana ba, kuma ba za ku shiga tare da shi a cikin nune-nunen ba, ku yanke shi "a ƙarƙashin kwikwiyo." Saboda haka zai zama mafi dacewa a gare ku (mafi ƙarancin haɗuwa), da kare ku. Jigon gashi mai tsabta, idan an wanke shi da kyau, ba ya fada cikin boye, kuma fata ta haskakawa kyauta.
Wanke kare.
Dole ne a wanke kare a kalla sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7-10 ga karnuka ke halartar nune-nunen, kuma sau ɗaya kowace rana zuwa 10 zuwa 14 ga dabbobi na gida. Tsawan wanka yana dogara ne akan lokacin shekara, ko kare yana tafiya don tafiya da kuma yadda zai zama datti. (A lokacin rani zaka iya wanke maltese gaba daya a kowace 5 zuwa 7 days.) Ba tare da wannan hanya ba zai fara zama dabba mai ƙanshi da gashi marar launin toka.
Don wankewa ya zama dole don amfani da kayan da aka tsara musamman ga gashin karnuka na wannan irin. Bugu da ƙari, shamfu, za ku buƙaci samfurori mai tsabta da kuma gashi wanda ya hada da kwandishan kwandishan don sauƙaƙe haɗuwa da hana ƙuntatawa da lalacewar gashin. A cikin balsam, a matsayin mai mulkin, an kara sauƙi na man da aka tsara musamman na maltese ulu (marar launi, ba tare da nuna launin rawaya ba).
Papillot.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan lokuta a kula da nuni na nuna misali shine amfani da papillotok. Wutsiya ya kasu kashi a jikin jikin kare kuma an sanya shi a cikin takarda (ƙwararru). A lokacin da aka saka, kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa takarda don papillotok ba ma bakin ciki ba, kuma rukuni mai laushi, wadda ke gyaran farfadowa, ba ta da karfi kuma bai ƙetare nauyin ba. Girma na Maltese ya bambanta da yorkshire terrier da shih tzu: a cikin wakilan wadannan nau'in ya fi tsayi. Wani ulu mai laushi mai laushi sauƙi lalacewa ta hanyar rauni da dama. A kowane hali, ba za ka iya cire ulu daga gashi ba. Kafin sakawa cikin kullun a cikin gashin kankara, wajibi ne a wanke wanke gashi sosai tare da tsawon tsawon gashi tare da man fetur na musamman. Ba za ku iya amfani da burdock ko man fetur ba, wanda ma nauyin nauyin gashi (rassan ya tsaya tare, har har karshen wannan man ba shi yiwuwa). A lokacin da ka ɗauki man fetur don kareka, ka bar wanda ya bar gashin tsuntsu wanda ba zai iya zama ba, kuma ya sa shinge ya zama mai yunkuri kuma bai yarda da ulu ba. Yin amfani da man fetur ko musanya shi yana da mahimmanci a kula da gashin maltese, yana kare gashin gashi daga lalacewar da tanadawa, kuma yana ciyar da shi gaba daya. Duk da haka, dole ne a tuna da cewa kowane maltese zai iya samun karɓin mutum ga kayayyakin samfurori masu amfani.
Lokacin da ake saka ulu a cikin gashi, yana da matukar dace don yin amfani da furewa dauke da man fetur. Irin wannan shinge ba kawai yana taimakawa wajen hadawa (yana da sauƙi don kwantar da hanyoyi ba idan sun bayyana), amma kuma yana ciyarwa da kuma shayar da ulu.
Kula da idanu.
Abin takaici, yawancin karnuka Maltese-karnuka sun rasa karfin su ba kawai saboda nauyin gashi mara kyau ba, amma kuma saboda rashin jin dadi a karkashin idanu mai tsabta. Hanyoyin su na iya haifar da haɗari, rashin abinci mai dacewa (wasu samfurori suna haifar da allergies), rashin kulawa da ido, da kuma saɓin ulu a cikinsu. Kawai kulawa mai kyau, wanda ya hada da wankewa da kulawa da rana da kuma kula da ido, da kuma yin amfani da abincin abincin, ya tabbatar da cewa Maltese zai duba gaske.
Kyauta mai kyau na kare irin kare kare mai kare Maltese - ainihin girman kai na mai shi. Nauyin juzu'i: da dama da dama da aka yi wa sutura, idan gashin gashi ne. Idan har yanzu yana da gajeren gajere ga pigtails (a cikin kwando daga 3 zuwa 5 - 7 watanni), to, kana buƙatar ka saba da kare zuwa wutsiya. Don gyara shi, kawai ƙananan yalwataccen nau'i wanda bazai cutar da gashin kare ba. Don kare kare, daya ko biyu (dangane da abubuwan da ke waje da kuma mai kyau na mai shi) an yi tare da bayanin kula.
Kwayar kare ta Maltese kyauta ce mai ban al'ajabi, wanda ba a taɓa canja ba tun lokacin tsufa. Manufar masu shayarwar zamani da kuma masu ƙaunar masu son su ne kawai su adana wakilansa a cikin nau'i na musamman: farin ulu mai laushi, mai kaifi da girman kai, wutsiyar launin furen da aka dakatar da shi a baya! Yana da muhimmanci mu tuna da abu daya: kare ku zai yi kyau sosai kamar yadda ya kamata ku kula da shi sosai!